外研版八年级下册语法讲解和练习

1、模块一语法 表示感觉和知觉的系动词1 表示感觉和知觉的系动词也可称为感官动词，主要有look (看起来 ), smell (闻起来 ), sound (听起来 ), taste (尝起来 ), feel ( 感觉 / 摸起来 )。2 感官动词属于连系动词，后接形容词作表语，构成系表结构，说明主语所处的状态。例如：He looks tired.他看起来累了。These flowers smell sweet.这些花闻起来香Her voice sounds beautiful.她的声音听起来优美。The cake tastes delicious.蛋糕尝起来美味。I felt guilty.我感到

2、内疚。3 感官动词后可接介词like, like 后可接名词或v.ing 形式。例如：That boat looks like a duck.那条船看起来像一只鸭子。It smells like being burnt. 它闻起来像烧焦了一样4 含有感官动词的句子，其否定句和一般疑问句要借助助动词完成。例如： He doesn't look worried 他看起来并不忧愁。 Does he look worried? 他看起来忧愁吗？ . 单项选择()1. The cake _ delicious. I can't wait to eat it.AfeelsBsoundsCb

3、ecomesDsmells()2.Apples of this kind _ A tastes goodB tastes wellCtastegoodD taste well()3.2015 ?潍坊 The new sweater I bought for my grandma _ soft. She likes it very much.AlooksB smellsC tastesD feels()4. Oh, I'm hungry. Mum, can I have the hamburger on the plate? No. It tastes_ A. terriblyB. te

4、rribleC. goodD. well()5.The cake looks _. Yes, and it tastes even _.A. well; goodB. nice; betterC. good; worseD. better; best()6.2015 ?镇江 ThreeD printing technology could be used to build a house in less than 24 hours. It _ amazing. It's my first time to get to know the newsA looksBsmellsC sound

5、sD tastes()7.Oh, it_so nice. What beautiful music it is!A smellsB soundsC tastes Dlooks()8.Dinner is ready. Help yourself! Wow! It _ delicious. You are really good at cooking.AlooksB soundsC tastesD feels()9.Let's go on a picnic this weekend, OK? That sounds_.AgreatB wellChardlyD terribly()10.I

6、like to read English in the garden because the flowers in it smell _.AgoodB wellCbadD badly()11. Do you like swimming in winter? Of course. The water _ a bit cold at first, but then I am warm and full of energy.AtastesB feelsC smellsD looks()12.Mum is making dinner. It _ so nice!A smellsB tastesC fe

7、els D sounds()13.Good medicine for health _ bitter to the mouth.A feelB tastes C feels D taste()14.Some of my friends eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what _ nice.AfeelsB smeelsC looksD tastes()15. Do you know the song Gangnam Style? Of course. It _ interesting.A tastes BsmellsC sounds D fe

8、els .根据汉语意思完成句子1我的毛衣摸起来柔软。My sweater _ Feels soft2聚会听起来太吵了。The party _ Sounds noisy3你妈妈看上去很年轻。Your mother _ Looks young4汤尝起来咸了。The soup _ Tastes salty5它闻起来新鲜吗？_ it _ ？ Doessmell fresh6他看上去像一位专家。He _ an expert.Looks like7这食物尝起来怎样？_ _ the food _ ？ How doestaste8这个主意听起来有趣吗？_ the idea _ interesting?Does

9、sound9你叔叔长什么样？_ _ your uncle _ _ ？What doeslook like10他当众讲话对并不紧张。He _ _ _ when he speaks in public.Doesntlook nervous .用所给词的适当形式填空1The cloud _ (look) like a horse.looks2The coat _ (feel) very soft. So she bought it at once.felt3The weather _ (get) warmer and warmer these days.Is getting4The man _ (s

10、eem) to be very angry. seems5That idea _ (sound) very great. Sounds6The baby panda looks very _(love). lovely7Don't eat the fish. It smells _(badly) bad8The background music sounds _(noise). Please turn it down.noisy9 What do you think of the milk? Oh, it _( taste ) good. tastes10 I felt _(relax

11、) lying in the sun. What a good time!Relaxed模块二语法现在完成时 (一 )现在完成时用来表示在以前某个时间或某段时间已经发生的行为或曾经做过的事情对目前有某种影响；还可以表示到目前为止已经完成的事情。现在完成时态的基本句型结构是：“have/has+ 动词的过去分词”。其用法主要有1 当句子的主语是第三人称单数 时，要用“ has动词的过去分词” 。例如：He has finished his homework.他已经做完作业了。2 动词的过去分词变化形式主要有以下几种：大部分动词的过去分词和过去式相同，但也有许多不规则变化，需 要 特 别 记 忆

12、。 例 如 ： seesawseen,bewas/were been,comecamecome,gowent gone,take took taken 等。3.现在完成时的否定形式为havent/hasn t+动词的过去分词，其一般疑问句形式是把have/has 提到句首， 动词过去分词不变化。例如：I have seen this film.我已经看过这部电影了。I haven't seen this film.我没看过这部电影。 Have you seen this film?你看过这部电影吗？ Yes, I have./No, I haven't.是的，我看过。 / 不，

13、我没看过。He has been to Beijing.他去过北京。He hasn't been to Beijing.他没去过北京。 Has he been to Beijing ？他去过北京吗？ Yes, he has./No, he hasn't.是的，他去过。 / 不，他没去过。 .单项填空()1.2014 ?赤峰 The storybook is very interesting. I agree with you. I_ it twice already.AreadBwill read C am readingD have read()2.Hasn't Be

14、tty come yet? No, and I_ for her for nearly two hours.AwaitB waitedChave waitedD had waited()3.Do you want to see the film 3D Titanic? The film 3D Titanic? I_ it. It's really wonderful.AseeB have seenC was seeingD has seen()4.Have you ever been to Beijing? _. I went there last year.AYes, I didB

15、Yes, I haveC. No, I haventD No, never()5.Where is your father?He _ Dalian.A. have gone to B. has gone toC. have been toD. has been to()6.2014 ?广州 Miss Brown, we _ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?AfinishBfinishingC are finishedD have finished .用所给词的适当形式填空1Mum, can I watch TV now? I _ (fini

16、sh) my homework.Have finished2The boys _ (not read) the interesting books yet. Their mother will buy some for them.Haventread3 _ you _ (hear) from your pen pal recently?Haveheard Yes, I have. I _ (get) a letter from him yesterday.got4 _ you ever _ (eat) the pizza?No, I haven't.Haveeaten5 _ you _

17、(call) your mum yet?Yes, I _.Have calledhasIcalled(call) her last night.6 Has Jack visited(visit) his grandparents? Not yet.7 Haveyour parents ever _ been(be) abroad? Yes, just once.8Who has seen (see) the film before? .按要求完成下列各题1My parents have gone to England (对画线部分提问 )Where have your parents gone

18、?2 Would you like some more food? No, thanks. I have had enough.( 完成句子 )3Daming has climbed Mount Tai before.( 改为一般疑问句并作否定回答 ) Has_ Daming climbed _Mount Tai before? No_， he hasnt4 He has waited for her for_2_hours (对画线部分提问)How long has he waited for her?5 Jane came to China two years ago. (改为同义句 )J

19、anehasbeen _ in China for two years.模块三语法现在完成时(二 )1 现在完成时态还可以用来表示“刚刚做完某事；已经做完某事”等，此时经常用其中，just 表示“刚刚” ； already 表示“已经” ，一般置于have/has 之后； justjust, already 和 yet 来表示，和 already 都用于肯定句中，在否定句和疑问句中则可用yet ，表示“还未” 。例如：I have just heard the news.我刚刚听到消息。Astronauts have already been to the moon.宇航员已经去过月球了。I

20、haven't been to Beijing yet. 我还没有去过北京。注意：just, already 和 yet 在句中的位置：I have just heard from my son.我刚刚收到儿子的来信。I've already bought the book.我已经买了这本书。He hasn't cleaned the house yet.他还没有打扫屋子。2在现在完成时态中， 要注意 have been to 和 have gone to 的区别， 前者表示 “ 去过某地 ”，但现在已经回来了；后者表示“ 去了某地 ”，现在还没回来。例如：The sp

21、acecraft has gone into space. It won't return.宇宙飞船已经进入太空，不会回来了。I have been toMount Tai twice.我去过泰山两次了。 .单项填空()1.2014 ?北京 He _ in this factory for 20 years already.Awill workB worksC has worked Dis working()2.2015 ?铜仁 Where is your mother?She _ Guiyang.Ahas gone toB has been toC has been inD went

22、 to答案 A 句意：“你的母亲在哪里？” “她去贵阳了。 ”表示“去某地没回来”用have gone to ；表示“去某地已经回来”用 have been to 。根据问句可知“妈妈”现在不在说话的地方，即去某地还没有回来。故选A。答案 A句意：“你的母亲在哪里？” “她去贵阳了。 ”表示“去某地没回来”用have gone to ；表示“去某地已经回来”用have been to 。根据问句可知“妈妈”现在不在说话的地方，即去某地还没有回来。故选A。()3.Dave, we will leave in 10 minutes. Are you ready? No, I _ our guidebook and towels yet.Adon't packBdidn't packChave packedD haven't packed()4.My cousin _ Sydney for half a year.A. has been toB. has gone toC. has come toD. has been in()5. Aunt Wang is not here now. She has _ to Shanghai and will stay there for several months.A. gotB. comeC. beenD. g