It引起的几个易混淆的时间句型

1、It 引 起 的 几 个 易 混 淆 的 时 间 句 型在 学 习 中 ， 同 学 生 们 对 “I t + be + 时 间 + 从 句 ” 这 个 结 构 经 常 混 淆 不 清 ， 下 面 逐 一 进 行 分 析1. I t + be + 时 间 + si nce-cl ause这个句型表示从since 从句谓语动作发生以后到现在或过去所经过的一段时间，意为“ 自从 以来已多久了 ” ，主句多用一般现在时，从句用一般过去时，如果表示过去的情况，主句用一般过去时，从句用过去完成时，或主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时。例如：I tis threeyears si ncehis father

2、passed away.（从现在算起）I twas 10years since theymarried .（ 从 过 去 算起）I thad beenfi fteen years si nce shel eft Shang hai.（从过去算起）30. years has passed since we j oi ned the Party.（从现在算起）31. I t + be + 时 间 + before-cl ause这个句型中的时间一般为表示一段时间的词语(如：long years , months , weeks , days ,hours , minutes ) ，主句没过多长时间

3、过多长时间才就 。主句的时态可用过去时”was或将来时will be ；用 was 时， before 从句的动词用一般过去时；用willbe 时 ， before 从 句 常 用 一 般 现 在 时 。 例 如 ：It was not long before she le arned those poems by heart . 她没过多久就背会了那些诗歌。Itwas long before the police arrived.过了很久警察 才来。I twi ll be hou rs before he makes a decisi on . 要 过 好几个 小时他才会作 出 决定。I t

4、wi ll not be hours before meet again . 要 不 了 几 个小 时我们还会再见 面的。32. It + be + 时 间+ when-clause这个句型中, it 指时间，而且表示时间的词语前没有介词（时间一般为具体时间）。主句中的谓语动词和从句中的谓语动词在时态上一般是一致的，主句是will be， when 从句用一般现在时代替将来时。例如：Itwas already 8 oclockwhen we gothome.I twasthe next morni ng w henwe finished our work.It wil l be midnigh

5、t when they get there .It + be + 时 间+ that-cl ause这个句型是个强调句型例如It was two years agothat hemade animportantinvention（原 句 是He m ade ani mportant invention twoyears agoIt was at 5ocl ockthat he practisedplaying the violi n in themorning（原 句 是ractised playingthe violinatclockintheornin较：lockwhenheedinhem

6、orningk前mehaaus这个句型属虚拟语气结构，不管主句中用的是is 或 was ， that 从句都须用动词的过去式或should + 动词原 型 （但 不 及 用 过 去 式 普 通 ）， 在 time 之 前 有 时 可 加 上 high 或 about 以 加 强 语 气 。 例 如 ：It is time(that)we handed in our exercises .(= It is time that we should hand in our exercises .)Itis highti me (that ) she wrote aletter toher boyfr

7、iendthird ) time + that-clauseIt代替从句作形式主语常见句型it 代 替 连 词that引导的从句作形式主语1) it +be + 过 去 分 词+ that从句Its said that Tom has come backfromabroad据说汤姆已经从国外回来了6. It / This / That + the first(second这个句型表示截止到说话时为止的某人的一种经历，关键是注意time 前有序数词，主句是is 时 ，从句要用 现 在 完 成 时 ； 如 果 主 句 用 一 般 过 去 时 was ， 则 从 句 须 相 应 地 用 过 去 完

8、成 时 。 例 如 ：Th is is the fi rst time (that) these Europeans have v isited t he Great Wal lIt was the fifth time (that) Ihad paid a friendly visit to AfricaIt was reported that dozens of children died in the accident . 据报导，数十名儿童在事故中死亡。known , thought , told , believed , hoped , announced ,expected , d

9、ecidedsuggested 等，该句型常可以转换成含有宾语从句的复合句或者含有不定式作主补的简单句。如：Its said that Tom has come back from abroad . People say that Tom has come back from abroad .avecomebackfromabroadItbe名词词组that从句Its a p i ty t h at h e can t swi m f or hi s ag e .真遗憾，就他的年龄来讲，他竟不会游泳。Its a wonder that you could finish such a hard

10、task in such a short time .真奇怪，你竟能在如此短的时间内完成an honour , a goodthing , afact , a surprise, good news 等。3)It +/seem +形容词hat 从 句It is likely thatthey will beat ustonight .今 晚 很 可 能他们会赢我们。It doesnt seem that she wi ll give us a hand .她 帮 我 们 的 可 能 性 似 乎 不 太 大可用于此句型的开容词还有；wonderful , true , good , right

11、, wrong , (un)important ,useless , surprising , clear ,possible , unusual , l ucky , certai n 等 。4) It + seem / appear / happen + that 从 句I t seems that he enjoys pop songs very m uch .看 来 他 非 常 喜 欢 流 行 歌 曲 。ItappearsthatTom m ightchangehismind.看 来 汤 姆会 改 变 主 意 。It happened that Iwent out that day.碰

12、 巧 我那 天 外 出 了 。注意 ， 句 型 4可转 换成 含 不定 式 的 简单 句 。 如上 述 句 子可 转 换 为 ：He seems to enjoy pop music very much . / Tom appears to change his mind ./ I happened to go out that day.2. it 代 替 连 接 代 词 或 连 接 副 词 引 导 的 从 句 作 形式 主 语。1) It is known (not decided , not made clear , found out , discussed , being discus

13、sed , being considered , a question , uncertain 等 )+ 连 接 代 词 或 连 接 副 词 引 导 的 从 句 。It is still a question when we shall have our sports meet . 我们将什么时候举行运动会还是一个问题。It is uncertain whether he can attend this conference or not . 他能否来开会还不能确定。2) It doesn t matter(doesnt matter too much , doesn t make to等 o

14、 )m+u ch连接代词或连接副词引导 differenceIt doe sn t ma tterwhethe rwe go to gethe r or sep ara tely . 我们一起去还是分开去都可以。It doesn mt atter toomuchtomewhat you door where you go . 你做什么或去什么地方，对我都无关紧要。1.Toms motherhe答案与简析选Thekepttellinghimthat he shouldworkharderbutdidnthelp .shitD。li作人称代词，代替前文提到过的事物。又如：ghtthoffice i

15、s sti llonA.Ohforgottu rni ng i t off B.tu r n i t of f C. to t u rn i t of f D.having turned it off2) H ave youheard thenews aboutTomNowhatis it Bit is Care they Dthey are3) If you donknow the wordwhy dont youin the dictionarylook at it Blook after it Clookup it D. look it up答案1) 3) CADit 作宾语时，it 应

16、置于动词和副词之Is necessary to tellhis fathereverythingit Bthat Cwhat DheA。测试it 用作形式主语，代替由不定式（或不定式复合结构 、动名词或从句表示的ossiblflythmooninspacehaIsnesarycompltesignefortinalesnisheimeraiwarnle3. I don t thi n k po ssi ble to ma st er a fo rei g n la ng uag e wi t ho ut m uc h me mo ry wo r kthis Bthat Cits Dit己的补足

17、语时，用4.Wastha常用强调2)A.D 。测试 it 用作形式宾语，代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。当宾语有自it 作形式宾语，真正宾语放在补足语之后。常用这种句型的动词有thpalaceheastemthink , make , find , feel ,peror diedA。测试ithicC.inwhereD.whichIt is (was) +asthI t wa s no twhen ;用在强调结构中，为了强调句子的某一成分（通常是主语、宾语或状语），被强调成分+ that（ 或 who） 。被强调部分指人时用shethat或 who语）durto okngoff he

18、rthat B. UntildarkSecgla sseshat Cndinreal izeduntilorwhshe;wwa shenWaa faD.diedhenmo uswhefilsta r .thenBulyheangerthheit可以用作指示代词，指人。当it 这样用时，所指的是心目中己知的或上下as急，慢慢来)，WondeaftfuerD 。测试it ishappens that （ 碰巧 ）T ak e ityearsnjoyselfit用在某固定短语或句型中。如eforebelieve it or not （ 信不信由你）, take it easy （ 别着(has be

19、en ) since ( 某人干某事经过了多长一段时间)，It seems that （ 好象 ）， ItIt looks as if （好象），It is one tsu rn to do （ 该轮到谁干) 等。又如：Everything wi ll be fi ne i n a day or twosyuiecalmigh7.t waShanghaitheCommunist Party ofChia was foundedwhB.that C.twhichthatwherA 。测试强调句与定语从句不能混淆，这里是定语从句。若把Shanghai 的前面加上介词就是强调这时B。1.Toms m

20、otherkept tell inghimthatheshould workharderbutdidnthelp .hechit2.was disappointed withthefilhad expectedtouchbetterthatisit3. i s a fact t hat E n g l i sh i s b ei n g accepted as an i nternati o nal l ang uag ereis4.Asapenshabroughumellwith5.hasal readeenpontedutgramarnotsetofdeadrues6.asveveed7.

21、idefahertfrom8.asecausesnowedastnihtidnom9.oematterifanfinishheim10Isecsarathein11.Europeanfootballisplayed in80countriesmakingthemostpopularsportintheworldhith12.Wearegoingtoholdmeetingtomorrowafternoon. PleasetellMrWangaboutthishaisocIthaimowhemeha15haeenthbactve16asiswhhednmeeetiatThe17.isgoodnew

22、sthatshehaspassedtheentranceexaminationforBeijingUniversity18is noubthatheilucceedinisxperimenItThisThatTh1 9. Looksomeone iscomingWho can behe Bshe Cthatman Dit20finddifficulthimto do suchworkit ; of Bit ; for Cthat ; of Dthat ; for21. Mypen is lost andI cant findanywhereso I must buyit ; one Bone

23、; it Cit ; it Done ; one22We thinkuseless theorywithout practiceA . it ; l earni ng B .itlearn C. thatlearningD. that ; tol earn23.It is not you whoin troubleit is Iwhoin troubleare ; am Bareis Care ; are Dis ; is24Sheis already50butshedoesntlooklike Bthis Cit Dsuch25don tknowwhat wasforsupperit Bth

24、ere Cthat Dfood26.AToms mother kepttelli ngwhimhthatichehshouldCwo rk .harder ,but didntD.helpi.t.heB.she27.The lightinthe officeisstillon.Oh,Iforgot.A.turni ng itoff B.turn itoffC.toturn itoffD.having turnedit off28.HaveyouheardthenewsaboutTomNo,whatA.is itB.it isC.are theyD.theyare29. If you donknow the wordwhy don t you in the dicti onaryooatitafteritC.ooupD.lookit0.faeryt1.posstospac2.ssarcompdesigforatinal3.atifheiniim4.ribitherwngAwhile Bthat Cif D. forAthis Bthat Cshe Dit35. I do n t thinkpossib le toma ste r a for eignla ngua ge witho ut muc h me m