高中生物 第7章 第2节 现代生物进化理论的主要内容课件 新人教版必修2 (86)

1、 议论文是一种剖析事物、论述事理、发表意见、提出主张的文体。论点、论据、和论证是不可缺少的三要素。近年来，高考英语书面表达中对开放性议论文文体的考查有递增趋势。传统的书面表达是一种控制性写作，即通过表格、图画以及文字等进行要点提示，并规定作文的人称、时态、文体等；而开放性议论文则给出一定的素材或话题，让考生在此基础上自由发挥，对所给材料进行判断、论述和发表个人观点。这种试题有利于体现学生个性发展和思维的灵活性，符合新课程的理念。对于绝大部分开放性议论文，基本上适宜用“三段式”的写法，具体来讲就是： 第一段：开头引论。用以引出一个令人关注的问题(topic)，阐明观点或看法。 第二段：主体本论。

2、全文的主要部分，对提出的问题进行分析、推论(supporting sentences)，运用材料对观点进行论述，使论点得到足够的支持。 第三段：结尾结论。对主体部分内容作出概括，明确论点所要解决、论证的问题。有时则是提出建议或给出解决问题的方法或策略。 议论文的写作较之于其他体裁的文章相对有规律可循。而且文章的开头具有一定的共性，行文中段落的过度和观点之间的转化也极具相似之处。因此使用规律性的语句不但可以显得条理清楚，而且可以提高文章档次。议论文常用的逻辑联系词：in my opinion, personally, for the sake of, clearly, obviously, su

3、rely, undoubtedly, hence, moreover, besides, in addition, whats more, additionally, furthermore, generally speaking, last but not the least，in short, all in all, in conclusion, in brief 等。句首常用语： We have had a discussion about whether We have had a survey on.Different people hold different opinions o

4、nPeople have taken/adopted different attitudes towards.段落过渡常用语： Others have different opinions.Sixty percent of the students are for the idea, while forty percent of the students think otherwise.Sixty percent of the students think it necessary to., but forty percent of the students dont think so.How

5、ever, .of them hold a different view./.of them hold the opposite opinion.People who are against it dont think so.句尾常用语：As far as I am concerned， I agree with the latter opinion to some extent.In a word， the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of.Only in this way, can.in the futur

6、e. 假设你将参加某英语杂志社开展的一次征文活动，征文的内容要求你在电视、手机(cell)和网络三者中，放弃其中一个并陈述理由。请你以“Which would you give up：TV，cell，or Web？”为题，写一篇英语短文。注意：1.词数100左右；2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Which would you give up： TV， cell， or Web? We are now living in an information age， in which TV， cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that ma

7、ny people cannot enjoy themselves without them. However， if I had to give up one of them， I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the Internet. I could do without TV because few shows take my fancy and therere too many commercials. Besides， most programs on TV are also avai

8、lable elsewhere. As for cells and the Web， they are more necessary to me. I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family， and almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.行文逻辑：提出观点阐明原因得出结论。有效地使用了关联词，如however，besides等。词汇短语：运用了丰富的短语和句式。如give up，turnoff/switch off，do without(TV)，as

9、 for，keep in touch with 以及would do sth.rather than do sth.等。句式句法：使用了较多的复合句。如第一句用in which引导非限制性定语从句；第二句It seems that.中it 为形式主语，而that从句作真正的主语；第二段中用if引导条件状语从句，because引导原因状语从句。此外还恰当地运用了被动语态。如第一句中的are widely used，最后一句中的can be gathered。 美国耶鲁大学法学院华裔教授蔡美儿(Amy Chua)的新书虎妈战歌(The Battle Hymn of a Tiger Mother)记

10、录了她用严格的中式教育方法培养孩子的经历，引起了美国时代周刊等全球媒体关于东西方教育观念的讨论，其中的焦点之一是：“教育是否应该是快乐的？” 请你为学校的英文校报写一篇文章，向同学们介绍这本新书以及由其引发的讨论，并表达你自己的观点。要求：1.要表达清楚正反方的观点，可适当发挥，不要简单翻译；2.词数120左右。开头已经写好，不计入总词数。 正方正方 反方反方教育应该激励孩子快乐成长，应该让他们享受只有在童年时期才能拥有的幸福。真实的人生就是快乐与痛苦同在，在童年时期也需要为此做好准备。 A debate heated up recently, thanks to Amy Chuas book

11、 about a Chinese “tiger mother”. A debate heated up recently, thanks to Amy Chuas book about a Chinese “tiger mother”. In her latest book entitled “The Battle Hymn of a Tiger Mother”, Amy describes how she adopts traditional Chinese methods to educate her children, which is considered by many wester

12、ners to be too hard and inhuman. One of the issues being discussed after the book was published is whether early education should focus on childrens happiness. Those supporting the idea argue that early education is intended to help children grow up in a cheerful atmosphere and inspire them to bette

13、r themselves in an all-round way. Therefore we should allow children to enjoy the happiness which can only be found during their childhood. On the contrary, people holding the opposite view insist that since in reality life is full of happiness and pain, children should be well prepared for that even during childhood. Otherwise, they would find it hard to ada