美国文化课件11. American history

1、Chapter twoAmerican History What is American?A mixture of nationalityMelting potSalad bowlMosaic American culture美国主流文化的形成美国主流文化的形成1. The main content of American culture is the emphasis on individuals value, the pursuit of democracy and freedom, the promotion of deploitation(开拓开拓, 经营经营) and competi

2、tion and the need of practicality. Its core is individualism: self first, personal need first, pursuit of individual benefit and enjoyment, emphasis on achieving individual value by self-strive and self-design. 2. American citizens emphasize on achievements and respect heroes. They have great sense

3、in their hearts to praise success and heroes. Personal achievements are one of those with the highest value in American mind. Americans have very strong senses of success. They believe that ones personal value is equivalent to his achievements in his career. Some high achievers in their career such

4、as entrepreneurs, scientists, artists and all kinds of super starts became modern heroes. The process and result of how they strived have become the frame of reference of social culture value and the real life text book for parents to educate their children. 3. American society has great movements w

5、ithin itself. These movements are shown in two aspects: movements amongst locations and movements inside the society. The United States are relatively more open and have more freedom. Developed transport and the tradition of adventure makes a lot of American migrate from countryside to cities, from

6、downtown to uptown; and from north to the southern sunny land, from one city to another. Unlike European countries, the social classes in America is not so stable. Further more, with the advocates of public education, movements upwards along the social ladder have become possible. Many people living

7、 in the states, no matter whether they are Native American or immigrants from overseas, have the same dream of changing their social class and make their lifetime dream come true through their own efforts. This is what they often called American dream. Section One: The Thirteen English-American Colo

8、nies I. The first successful English colony: Jamestown in Virginia. II. The second colony: Plymouth in Massachusetts. Understand the puritans (the Pilgrim Fathers) who took the ship Mayflower in 1620 to America. Section Two The War of Independence I. Conflicts leading to armed revolution The English

9、 government began to tighten the control over the 13 colonies by passing a series of laws such as the Stamp Act. II. Boston Tea Party (1773) III. The first Continental Congress 1. Date: September 1774 2. Place: Philadelphia 3. Delegates: from 12 colonies except Georgia 4. Result: passed Declaration

10、of Rights and Grievances which was rejected by English Parliament. VI. The first armed clash 1. Date: April 19, 1775. 2. Place: Lexington 3. Effect: it symbolized the outbreak of the War of Independence. V. The second Continental Congress 1. Date: May, 1775 2. Place: Philadelphia. 3. Effect: VI. The

11、 Declaration of Independence 1. It was officially adopted on July 4, 1776. Then this day becomes the Independence Day of the United States. 2. Significance: its the first declaration of human rights. VIII. Process of the War Section Three: Appearance of the American Constitution and the Washington A

12、dministrationI. The Constitutional Convention 1. Date: May, 1787 2. Place: Philadelphia. 3. Result: The Constitution was completed on September 17, 1787, a day which has been celebrated as Constitution Day of America. II. Bill of Rights the Bill of Rights refers to the ten important amendments of Co

13、nstitution. III. The first US President: George WashingtonSection Four: During the First Half of the 19th Century - an Era of Expansion I. Jefferson and his era The Purchase of Louisiana during his term(1803). II. Virginia Dynasty 1. The two Presidents are James Madison and James Monroe. 2. The Monr

14、oe Doctrine Its key point can be summarized as “America for Americas”. III. Andrew Jackson spoil systemIV. The Mexican War (1846-48) The result is the War expanded the territory of the United States to the Pacific Ocean. Section Five: The Civil War I. A survey of US slavery II. Abraham Lincoln 1. th

15、e 16th US President. 2. Some southern states formed the Confederate States of America(邦联政府，南方政府，与联邦政府相邦联政府，南方政府，与联邦政府相对：支持宪法的对：支持宪法的Federal）. III. The Civil War 1. Process: 2. The Emancipation Proclamation and final victory a) Lincoln made the famous Emancipation Proclamation on September 22, 1862.

16、b) Lincoln made another famous speech called Gettysburg Address. 3. Effects: Section Six: After the Civil War - Development and Foreign Aggression I. After the Civil War 1. The program of reconstruction 2. Development of the West 3. Economic development 4. New problem - Monopoly 5. Imperialist forei

17、gn policy and war with Spain Terms 1. Christopher Columbus2. The Europeans colonization of the New World3. The Pilgrims4. Indentured servants5. Boston Tea Party6. The First Continental Congress7. The Second Continental Congress8.The philosophy behind the American Revolution9.The American War of Inde

18、pendence10.The Constitutional Convention11.The characteristics of the US Constitution12.The principle of “balance of power”13.The Bill of Rights14.George Washington15.The Alien and Sedition Acts16.Thomas Jefferson17.The Industrial Revolution in Ameica18.Andrew Jackson19.Uncle Toms Cabin20.The Americ

19、an Civil War21.The Emancipation Proclamation22.Abraham Lincoln23.Abolitionists24.The Ku Klux Klan25.Reconstruction26.The Westward Movement27.cowboys28.Progressive Movement29.“muckrakers”30.The Red Scare31.Characteristics of the 1920s32.The Great Depression33.The New Deal34.Franklin D. Roosevelt35.The Social Security Act36.WPA (Work Progress Administration) Immigrants Immigration movements -16th and 17th century: people for better life people for religious or political reasons people for bu