江苏省2012高考英语二轮复习限时训练专题2阅读理解18

1、2012 高考英语二轮复习专题限时训练（江苏专用）专题 2 阅读理解 18（ 35 分钟）ATemperature is measured by means of a thermometer (温度计 ). One general formof thermometer depends upon the fact that most solids and liquids expand as theirtemperature rises. There are one or two exceptions. There is, for instance, a kindof steel called i

2、nvar (from“invariable ”) which does not change its dimensionsas temperature changes; it is valuable for making pendulums (钟摆 ), since, if thelength of a pendulum changes, its time of vibration changes. It is also used formaking veryaccuratemeasuringscales.Inboth cases,then,changesofatmospherictemper

3、ature have no effect if invar is used.Anotherexceptionisthatveryoddliquid,water,whichhasmany strangeproperties (特性 ). As water gets colder it contracts (收缩 ), which is ordinarybehavior, untilitreachesthe temperatureof 30. above freezingpoint.Afterthat,as itgetscolder,itexpands.This isfortunate-forco

4、nsideringthefreezingofa pond. As the water on top gets colder, it shrinks; and so, volume for volume, itbecomes heavier and sinks. This goes on until all the pond is at 30, but afterthat, as the water becomes colder it expands. Therefore the colder water stays ontop and freezes, covering the pond wi

5、th ice. If the water went on contracting downto the freezing point, the pond would become a solid block of ice in the end. Thiswould not worry people who live in hot climates, but it would be very serious forthosewho liveincoldclimates,especiallyforthosewho want tobreaktheiceandcatch fish which live

6、 in the cold water beneath.1. Invar is valuable for making pendulums because _.A. it can hardly change its shape or size as temperature changes.B. it will change its dimensions without the change of temperature.C. its time of vibration doesn t change if its length changes.D. its time of vibration do

7、es not change if its length changes.2. As water gets colder after reaching the temperature of 30. it will _.A. contractB. shrinkC. expandD. freeze3. Which of the following statements is true, according to this passage?A. Only invar can be used to make a thermometer.B. Only water can be used to make

8、a thermometer.C. Both invar and water can be used to make a thermometer.D. Neither invar nor water can be used to make a thermometer.4. The best title of this passage is most likely to be _.A. Temperature MeasurementB. Two ExceptionsC. Uses of InvarD. Properties of WaterBThese days no car show is co

9、mplete without an electric car, and the 2011 NorthAmerican International Auto Show in Detroit, US, which ran from January 10 to 23, was no exception.Among the fully electric vehicles on display were the Ford Focus Electric and the Honda Fit EV. BMW and Volvo also had prominent displays at the show,

10、provingthat they can produce practical, yet spacious family-oriented electric cars. Industry insiders at the show claimed that more efficient batteries, improvedperformanceand greaterconsumer acceptancecouldmake 2011 the “year ofelectriccar ”.It s long been clear that electric cars score heavily for

11、 convenience. They are, for instance, much easier to maintain than gasoline-powered cars. When the battery runs out, you simply replace it or recharge it, just like you would for acell phone or a laptop.This isalsoamuch cheapermethod thanfillingyourtankwithgasoline.Betteryet, electric cars dont emit

12、 exhaust fumes. As a result, they donenvironmentally damaging greenhouse gases.Itappearsthatimprovedtechnologyismakingelectricmaintenancemuch more user-friendly.So, what are the obstacleselectric cars from becoming popular and fashionable?t producecarsandtheirwhich are preventingHomechargingfor elec

13、triccarscouldbe extremelyconvenientforusers.However,it is also a potential obstacle. For a start, installing charging stations inowners homes willbe a challenge,particularlyforthosewho have toparkseveralblocks away from their homes.Also,chargingthecar sbatterystilltakesqui tea longtime.Itmay be some

14、time yetbeforeyou canrechargean electriccarin thesame timeas youcan refillyour gas tank.Anotherproblemis thatmany electricvehicleshave limitedrangesthatmay onlyallow for journeys of 50 miles (80 km) or less between charges. In cases where adriverwishestochargethecarprimarilyathome (perhapsovernight)

15、,thislimitstheir daily driving to the range of their vehicle.This may be one reason why hybrid cars are now becoming more popular. A hybridcar has more than one energy source, usually a traditional gasoline fuel tank andan electricbattery.Its like a more practical version ofan electric car: Itsgreen

16、erthana conventionalvehicle,withfewer CO2 emissions,yetitalsodoublesas a conventional vehicle.“I would say that hybrid is a transitionto fully electronic,” Road and Trackmagazine editor Richard Horman told Detroit News during the show.“The trend isforlighter,smarter,more economicalcars.Of course,ele

17、ctronicvehiclesare meanttobe that way.”Thissoundspromising,particularlyinlightofthefact thattheshow featuredmore electric cars from big manufacturers than ever before.However,itseems thatthetechnologyassociatedwithelectriccarsisnot yetable to fully meet people s expectations. Dont expect gasoline-po

18、wered cars todisappear from roads just yet.5. What made electric cars more convenient?A. Easier maintenance.B. High scores on the show.C. Practicality and large space.D. Much lower prices.6. Which of the following couldNOTact as a potential obstacle of electric cars?A. It is rough work to install ch

19、arging stations at home.B. It is time-consuming to charge the batteries.C. The ranges between charges are limited.D. Theres no need to fill the tank with petrol.7. In Paragraph 10, the underlined wordto _.A. gasolineB. electric“hybrid ” is probably closest in meaningC. combinedD. separated8. The wri

20、ters purpose in writing this passage is to_.A. introduce the 2011 Auto Show in USB. get readers informed of electriccarsC. comment on different types of carsD. advertise for electric carsCOne Day Tour: Great Wall & Summer PalaceOverview: You will visit the famous Badaling Great Wall and Summer P

21、alace in one day.Tour Description and Itinerary (行程 )One day Private Tour or Coach Tour: Depart everydayStart from 8:30 am to around 6:00 pm, flexible schedule for private tour.Itinerary:Pick you up from hotelon departuretime,then driveto the famous BadalingGreatWall , which is 60 miles away from do

22、wntown about one and a half hour driving.Sightseeing on Great Wall Badaling section for about 3 hours.Visitscenicspots:BadalingGeatWall,BadalingFortress,Beacon-towers,"Looking-toward-BeijingStone",etc . (Cablecar isavailableforyou to get tothehighest point to have a bird view)Driveto resta

23、urantforlunch.Afterlunch,visitthe largestand most beautifulChinese imperial garden-Summer Palace .Visitscenicspots:1. East palace gate,2. the hallof benevolenceand longevity,3. hall of jade billows, 4. the hall of joyful longevity, 5. the covered walkway,6. the marble boat, etc.Transfer you back to

24、your hotel after the whole day tour.For the coach tour (small group in each bus, 6-10 persons per group): Suitableforeconomic or singletravelers,make friendson the same bus, onlyEnglish-speaking travelers on our bus. Travellers will be arranged in a small group, Keep group size less than ten in each

25、 air-conditioned bus; Vehiclemode: Coaster-Newair-conditionedtourcoach (clickforpicture)-26seats, only 6-10 persons per bus.For Private Tour: Private tour is suitable forwillingto jointhe tourgroup,itA designatedcar and privateguidepackage cost higher than coach tour.those individualmay not feelvery

26、willfollowyou toor familytravelerswho is notfree when followingthegroup.go to theplace youlike,this Vehicle mode: private luxury car or MPV van (click for picture)For the private tour, you also need to go to one or two shopping stops everyday.Tour Price includes:1. Pick-up and drop-off from your hot

27、el.2. Air-conditioned car, van or minibus for your private group.3. Entrance tickets of the sightseeings.4. English-speaking tour guide explain the sightseeings along the tour.5. Typical Chinese lunch.6. Chinese Jade shop visit.Tour Package excludes:Fee of cable car - cable car to the highest point

28、of Great Wall, 60 RMB ($7.4)Note: Children taller than 1.1 meter should be chargedas full price, childrenshorter than 1.1 meter should be charged only half of the price.How to Book?1. You can book online or by email, tell us which hotel to pick you up, then receive our confirmation email.2. When you

29、 arrive in Beijing, our tour guide will call you the night beforethe tour, if you are not in hotel room, we will leave a message in your room, toinform the time to pick you up in the next morning.Payment Methods : 1.Cash to tour guide 2.Credit card 3.PayPal 4.Bank remit (wiretransfer)9. If a group o

30、f 26 Americans want to have a one-day tour in Beijing, theycan.A. share the same busB. take 6 coaches at mostC. take 3 coaches at leastD. not speak English10. For private tour,.A. travellers can ask the tour guide to change the travel scheduleB. travellers should pay the same amount of money as the

31、coach tourC. travellers must pay additional money for the entrance ticketsD. travellers neednt pay additional money for the cable car11. This passage is most probably taken from.A. a travel guideB. a newspaperC. a magazineD. the InternetDI am a German by birth and descent. My name is Schmidt. But by

32、 education I amquiteas much an Englishman as a 'Deutscher',and by affectionmuch more theMy lifehas been spent prettyequallybetween the two countries,and I flatterI speak both languages without any foreign accent.former.myselfI count England my headquarters now: it is“home” to me. But a few y

33、ears agoI was resident in Germany, only going over to London now and then on business. Iwill not mention the town where I lived. It is unnecessary to do so, and in thepeculiar experience I am about to relate I think real names of people and placesare just as well, or better avoided.I was connected w

34、ith a large and important firm of engineers. I had been bredup to the profession, and was credited with a certain amount of“talent”; and Iwas considered and, with all modesty, I think I deserved the opinion reliable, so that I had already attained a fair position in thehouse, steady and and was look

35、edupon as a“rising man”. But I was still young, andnotquite so wise as I thoughtmyself. I came close once to making a great mess of a certain affair. It is thisstory which I am going to tell.Our house went in largely for patents rather too largely, some thought. Butthe headpartner's son was abit

36、of a geniusinhis way,and hisfatherwas growingold, and let Herr Wilhelm - Moritz we will call the family namedo pretty much ashe chose. And on the whole Herr Wilhelm did well. He was cautious, and he had thebenefit of the still greater caution and larger experience of Herr Gerhardt, thesecond partner

37、 in the firm.Patentsand thelawswhich regulate them arestrangethingsto have todo with.No one who has not had personal experience of the complications that arise couldbelieve howfar thesespread and howinvolvedthey become. Greatacuteness as wellas caution is called for if you would guide your patent ba

38、rk safely to port andperhaps more than anything, a power of holding your tongue. I was no chatterbox,nor, when on a mission of importance, did I go about looking as if I were burstingwith secrets, which is, in my opinion, almost as dangerous as revealing them. Noone, to meet me on the journeys which it often fell to my lot to undertake, wouldhave guessedthatIhad anythingon my mind