最新外研版选修八module1重点知识与练习

1、精品文档I .单词荟萃1. explorer adj.探险者宀 explore vt.探险；勘探宀 n.（对某地区的）勘探2. adj.荒凉的，不适宜居住的thospitable adj.好客的宀hospitality n .殷勤好客3. commercial adj.商业的t n.商业；贸易4. promote v .促进，增进t n.提升；晋升；促进5. adj.正式的，仪式性的t ceremony n.仪式典礼；礼节；礼仪6. n.缺乏；没有t absent adj缺席的；不在的；缺乏的7. tiresome adj.烦人的；令人讨厌的；令人厌倦的t adj.疲劳的；累的；厌倦的；厌烦的

2、ttiring adj.引起疲劳的;累人的8 depressing adj.令人沮丧的；令人抑郁的t depress v.使抑郁；使沮丧；使消沉t adj.沮丧的；消沉的9. discourage v.阻止；打消的念头t v.鼓舞；鼓励tcourage n.勇气10. adj.常规的；普通的t conven tion n.常规，习俗11. n.鼓舞；启示t in spire v .鼓舞；激励tin spiri ng adj.鼓舞人心的n .短语检测1.适应adapt to2.突出；显眼sta nd out3.进入；到达set foot on4.进入视野come into sight5.陷入，被

3、困在be trapped6.（使）破裂，分解break up7.扎营set up camp8.想出（主意等）come up with9.冒险take a risk10.精神抖擞，保持高昂的情绪keep one' s spirits up11.遵守诺言keep one' s promise12.尤其，特别in particular13.万一in case of川.佳句再现1. Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife, whichits extreme conditions.但是南极洲仍然栖息着很多野生生物，它们已经适应了那里极其恶劣的条件。2. An

4、tarctica was the last continent.南极洲是最后一个被发现的大陆。3. We' reradio and electronic communications.除了有无线电和电子通信，我们完全是与世隔绝的。4. Medical assistanee is available.万一有紧急情况你可以获得医疗救助。5. Not until the late 18th centuryJames Cook cross the Antarctic Circle, but he never saw land.直到18世纪末，英国探险家詹姆斯库克才穿越了南极圈，但他却从未发现任

5、何陆地。 IV .单元语法Review of subjects ； Review of verbs1 state n.州，国家，政府； 状态，状况； 情况，情形 vt.（to express sth. in spoken or written words , esp carefully, fully and clearly）陈述或说明（某事）（尤指仔细、详尽而明确地）（1）in a state of /in a state处于状况a poor state of health健康欠佳state school国立学校精品文档精品文档(2) state one' s views陈述自己的见解

6、(3) make/issue a stateme nt发表声明【活学活用】(1) The house was.(state)那房子很脏。He positively that he had n ever see n the man .(state)他肯定地说他从未见过那个男子。2 value n .价值；用途，积极作用vt.评价，估价；重视(1) good value (for money)(钱)花得值；物有所值of no value(2) value as value at (3) valuable adj. in valuable adj. valueless adj.【易混辨析】没有价值的

7、；没有用的重视；珍视估(某物的)价位很有用的；很重要的；宝贵的 无价的，非常珍贵的没有价值的；不值钱的price, cost, value, worth , charge 禾口 expense(1) price意为"价钱”，指卖方对物品所要求的价格，高于cost。(2) cost意为“代价，成本”，指对货物所付的一切代价，如制作、包装、运输费用。value意为“价值”，指按人的主观判断，对物品本身内在用途的评价。如：I paid him $500 for the painting , but its real value must be about $50,000.这幅画我付给他 5

8、00 美元，但它真正的价值 大约是50,000美元。(4) worth意为“价值”，指物体本身永远不变的价值，含着一定数量的金额，用法比较特殊。如：ten pounds' worth of apples 价值 10 英镑的苹果charge意为“索价，收费，费用”，指为其提供服务后所要求付的价钱，也可以用作动词。常用短语：charge sb.+ 钱+ for sth. ； free of charge 免费。(6) expense意为“开支，花费”，指对的实际开支金额。常用短语：at the expense of； at one' s expense(以为开支或代价)。【活学活用

9、】1根据汉语意思完成句子(1) Hethe house for me at 20,000 pou nds.那栋房子他替我估价20,000英镑。(2) Ivery much.我非常重视你的建议。(3) This car isyour mon ey.这辆汽车你买得很合算。2.根据语境选用 price , cost, value, worth , charge或 expense填空(1) Marriage and otherhave made me poor.(2) What is thefor a day at the hotel?(3) Most restaura nts now in clud

10、e the tip in theof the meal.(4) The use of cheap labor helped to keepdow n.(5) The winner will receive ten pounds 'of books.3 trap v .使陷入圈套，使中计；使陷入困境；卡住，夹住n.圈套；陷阱精品文档精品文档(1) be trapped _ (to be in a bad situati on from which you cannot escape)被困在/陷入困境(2) fall into a trap 上当，落入圈套lay a trap for 给设

11、圈套【情景记忆】Ouch, fall into a inip'【活学活用】1 根据汉语意思完成句子The firefighters were trying to rescue thosethe bur ning hotel.消防队员们正在努力营救困在燃烧着的旅馆里面的那些人。2. 单项填空The fox fell into the the hun ters had set for it.A . bush B . trap C. trick D. circle【解析】B 本题考查名词辨析。句意为：狐狸落入猎人给它设计的陷阱里。 circle圈，圆圈。4 promote vt.促进，推动；

12、促销，推销；提升，晋升bush树丛；trap陷阱；trick把戏;(1) promotion n .提升，提拔；晋级；推广(2) promote sb. fromto 某人从提升/晋升至promote growth/un dersta nding促进增长/了解【活学活用】(1) Your job is.你的工作是促销这一新产品。(2) The young army officer the rank of captain.这个年轻军官被提升为上尉。5 discourage vt.使气馁；阻碍(1) discourage sb. from doing sth.劝阻某人别做某事(2) discour

13、aged adj.感到泄气的(3) discouragi ng adj.令人泄气的【活学活用】1. 根据汉语意思完成句子Hearing theresult , he felt精品文档精品文档听了这个令人泄气的结果，他感到很泄气。2. 单项填空The college stude nts in China are from smok ing on campus because this will do them no good.A . discouragedB . observedC. obeyedD . obtained【解析】 A 本题考查动词辨析。句意为：中国的大学生被劝阻别在大学吸烟，因为

14、这对他们没有任何好处。相 对observe "观察”，obey "遵守”，obtain "获得”，只有discourage表示"劝阻”，符合题意。6 risk n.风险；冒险vt冒的危险(1) risky adj.充满危险或风险的；有很大危险或风险的(2) risk one' s health/fortune/life冒丧失健康/财富/生命之险(3) take a risk (risks)/take the risk of doing sth.冒险(做可能失败或有危险的事)run the risk of doing sth.冒险做某事at the

15、 risk of doi ng sth. 冒做某事的危险at risk有危险；冒风险【经典句式】There is a risk that 有的风险。【活学活用】1根据汉语意思完成句子(1) Heto save mi ne.他冒着生命危险来救我。(2) By criticizing her boss , she risked.批评老板，她冒着丢掉职位之险。(3) the crisis may spread further.危机有进一步蔓延的风险。2. 单项填空It would be a risk to let the child go to school by himself.A . runni

16、ngB . followingC. passingD . carrying【解析】 A 句意为：让孩子单独去学校是冒风险的事。run a risk意思是“冒风险”。短语1sta nd out 出色，杰出;sta nd bysta nd forsta nd upsta nd up for sb./sth.sta nd up(to sth.) Sta nd still.【活学活用】更为重要袖手旁观；支持 代表；意指 站起来维护，支持经得起(检验)站住，不许动。1根据语境用sta nd短语的适当形式填空(1) Her workfrom the rest as easily the best.精品文档

17、精品文档(2) How can youandand let him treat his dog like that?2.单项填空I have no idea what these two lettersA . stand upC. stand forB . stand byD . stand at精品文档【解析】C 句意为：我不知道这两个字母代表什么。sta nd up起立；sta nd by支持，袖手旁观；sta nd for代表。2 break up （使）断开；（使）破碎；破裂；解散break away突然离开；逃走；脱离；放弃break outbreak throughbreak do

18、w n（健康，情绪等）崩溃，垮掉【活学活用】根据语境用break短语的适当形式填空from him and ran to the wi ndow.(1) She _(2) What'(3) Severa(4) You wilI 单词拼写Shefrom him and ran to the wi ndow.What' s worse, his marriage has just.Several dem on strators (示威者)the barriers despite warnings from the police.You will sooner or later if

19、 you go on ignoring your health.1. The preside nt came un der(严厉的)criticism for his han dli ng of the crisis.2. The Prime Minister ' s visit will p the cooperation between the two countries.3. I' m(极度)sorry for the delay.4. We(权衡)the advantages of living in a big city against the disadvantag

20、es and decided to move to the country.5. If you meet with any difficulty in your study , don' t be d.n .选词填空fail to , on average, discourage sb. from doing , break out, date back to1. He never write to his mother every week.2. The history of humanity maythe Ice Age.3. Should another world war, w

21、hat would become of human beings?4. , 15 pounds' worth of goods is stole n every day.5. Wegiving up the job and he followed our advice.川.单项填空1. r m surprised to hear that Sue and Paul have.So am I. They seemed very happy together whe n I last saw them.A . broken upB . finished upC. divided upD .

22、 closed up【解析】 A 本题考查动词短语辨析。break up断绝关系；finish up结果成为，最终到来；divide up分担，分配，分享；close up (伤口)愈合。2. How about your journey to Mount Emei?Everythi ng was won derful except that our cartwice on the way.A . slowed downB . broke downC . got dow nD . put dow n精品文档【解析】B本题考查动词短语辨析。答语的意思是：除了我们的车在途中抛锚了两次外， 一切都顺

23、利。break down 抛锚，出故障；slow down减速，慢下来；get down记下，写下；put down放下，记下，镇压。所以该题的答案为B项。3. Not until the motorbike looked almost new repairing and cleaning it.A . he stoppedB . did he stopC. stopped heD . he did stop【解析】B 本题考查倒装。not until位于句首，要求主句部分倒装。4. I had to apologize to Mr Smith forto keep the appointme

24、nt.A . tryingB . failingC . trying notD . not faili ng【解析】B 句意为：我因为没能赴约不得不向斯密斯先生道歉。fail to do sth.没能做某事。for后面用动名词形式。5 . Does this car give you goodfor your mon ey?A . valueB . priceC . worthD . cost【解析】A good value for money值得花那么多的钱。6 . Theof his clothes in dicated too clearly that he had bee n play ing football.A . stateC . occasi onB . con diti onD .