2018版高中英语北师大版必修三讲义：Unit9WheelsPeriodFourLesson4CarCulture

1、 Period Four Lesson 4 Car Culture 基础自测 I .重点单词 1. _ n建筑；建筑物 2. _ n.数量 3. _ adj.身体的；物质的 4. _ n数字；人物；形象 5. _ vt承认，供认 _ n.承认；入场费 6. _ adj.沉溺于的 _ vt.使沉溺，使上瘾 7. _ vt.占用(空间、面积、时间等) _ n.职业；占用 8. _ adv.以某种方式 9. _ pron.无论哪个 10. _ vt.适合 n .重点短语 1. get/be stuck _ 被困在. ；陷入 . 2. _ go 上涨；上升 3. _ be related .与 有关

2、4. _ excuses 找借口 5. be addicted _ 对. 上瘾 6. _ average 平均而言； 通常 7. sit _ 闲坐 8. have an effect _ 对 . 有影响 川.重点句式 1 .形容词(短语)作状语 How often do we arrive at work or school _ (stress) out, _(tire) and angry? 有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？ 自主学习落实基础知识 平均而言，大约 40 人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据 33 辆小轿车。 琏取文本主旨 2. while 表示

3、对比、转折 On average about forty people travel in one bus_ the same number occupy thirty-hree cars. 3. whether 引导宾语从句 Before you get into your car , think about 上车前，考虑一下你是否真的需要这次行程。 课文预读 I .根据课文内容判断正(T)、误(F) 1. Over 75% of car journeys are under two miles.( ) 2. Regular exercise cuts the risk of heart d

4、isease by 50%.( ) 3. The people make excuses because they want to continue using their cars.( ) 4. The car adverts present a true picture of driving cars.( ) 5. From the article we can see that the author cannot do without a car.( ) n .课文阅读理解 1. What effects EXCEPT _ does traffic have on people? A .

5、 air pollution B. global warming C . climate cha nge D . savi ng money 2 . What s the writer s attitude towards cars? A . He thi nks they have more disadva ntages tha n adva ntages. B . He knows what he should do , but he still uses his car because it is convenient. C . He thinks it would be easy fo

6、r us all to use our cars less. D . He does n t realise the effects that cars have on people. 3 . Which of the followi ng is RIGHT accordi ng to the text? A . Nearly half of all the advertiseme nts on TV are about cars. B . Regular exercise cuts the risk of heart disease by a quarter. C . Traffic is

7、one of the major causes of global warming. D . In London , car engines produce 90% of all carb on mono xide in the atmosphere. 4 . The writer s opinion is supported by _ . A . con versati ons B . examples C . figures D . expla nati ons 5 . The writer gives these figures to show _ . 回归教材 平均而言，大约 40 人

8、乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据 33 辆小轿车。 琏取文本主旨 A . cars are doing increasing harm to our health and life B . Britain is developing rapidly C . British cars are very popular D . cars are givi ng us more and more convenience重点词汇 1. Amount of TV advertising : 电视广告的数量： 归纳拓展 amount n.数量，数额； vt. &vi.合计；总计 in lar

9、ge (small) amounts 大(少)量地 a large amount of/large amounts of 大量的，许多 amount to 总计；等于 注意：(1)amount 和 number 都表示数量”，但 amount 只指不可数名词的数量； number 只 指可数名词的数量。 (2)a large amount of 修饰名词作主语时， 谓语动词用单数；large amounts of 修饰名词作主语时， 谓语动词用复数。 语境助记 (1) This type of TV has bee n sold in large amounts. 这款电视已被大量销售。 (2

10、) Large amounts of money were spent on the new building. 建这座新大楼花了很多钱。 (3) His in vestme nts amount to five millio n dollars. 他的投资额达五百万美元。 题组训练 (1) 用 amount, number 填空 Power refers to the _ of control a person has over other people. I want to know the exact _ of the bicycles. (2) 用 be 动词的正确形式填空 要点探究

11、採究重点互动撞击思维 A large amount of money _ spent on advertisements every year. Large amounts of land _ coming onto the market. Large amounts of money _ spent on the magnificent building ， but the poor not allowed to have a sin gle room. 2. Here are some figures： . 这里有一些数据： 归纳拓展 figure n.数字，数目；人物；外形；身材；画像；

12、塑像；图表；图形； v.计算；考虑 keep/improve one s figure 保持身材 figure out 计算出；弄懂；领会 figure on计划，打算，预料到 图解助记 语境助记 (1) Gandhi was both a political and a religious figure in Indian history. 甘地在印度历史上是政治和宗教名人。 (2) Your house may have an effect on your figure. 你的房子或许对你的身材有影响。 (2015 全国n ) (3) Children may have greater a

13、bility to figure out things than scientists.(2016 浙江) 孩子们可能比科学家更有理解事情的能力。 题组训练 (1) 用适当的介、副词填空 I figure _ being in New York in January. I can t figure _ why he quit his job. (2) 完成句子 The present situation is very complex , so I think it will take me some time (弄清楚它的真实性). 一 I wonder how Mary has _ (保持

14、她的身材)after all these years. By working out every day.(2015 福建) (3) 句型转换 Have you worked out how much the trip will cost? T Have you _ _ how much the trip will cost? 3. In the last ten years, the number of cars on the roads in Britain has gone up by 30%. 在过去 的十年中，英国路上行驶的汽车数量上升了 30%。 归纳拓展 go up 上升，上涨；

15、攀登；增加；升起；被兴建 go up to 上升到 .，增加到 . go up by 上升了 .，增加了 . go over 复习；仔细检查 go with 与 . 相配；和 . 一起去 语境助记 (1) Researchers in Britain found that when French music was played ， sales of French wines went up.(2015 重庆) 英国的研究者发现，当演奏法国音乐的时候，法国酒的销售量就上升。 (2) New houses are going up all around the tow n. 城里到处都在建造新房

16、子。 (3) The price has gone up by 30%. 物价上涨了 30%。 题组训练 用适当的介、副词填空 (1) 1 n our area , the price of the new house has gone up _ 1,000 yuan per square metre.That is, it has gone up _ 10,000 yuan per square metre. (2) You II have to go _ this composition. (3) The actress wan ted a hat to go _ her dress. 4

17、. I admit: I m addicted to my car. 我承认：我沉溺于汽车。 归纳拓展 1 admit vt.承认，供认；让(允许) . 进入；容纳；接纳 admit (to) doing sth.承认做了某事 admit sb./sth.to be.承认某人 /某事 . admit sb.to/into.允许某人进入 . admit that.承认 图解助记 人或物怵 -O 场所 语境助记 1 (1) 0nly after the teacher told him did he admit his mistakes. 当老师告诉了他以后，他才承认了自己的错误。 (2) Geo

18、rge would n ever admit being wrong. 乔治从来不认错。 (3) 0nly 200 children were admitted to/into the school every year. 每年只有 200 名儿童获准入学。 题组训练 1 (1) 单句语法填空 Only ticket holders _ (admit) to the stadium for the concert given by Jay Chou， so many of his fans were turned away. Gen erally， _ (admit)to a uni vers

19、ity in the USA ，foreig n stude nts n eed to prove their strong ability in using En glish. The criminal has admitted _ (tell) a lie at the court. (2) 句型转换 The meet ing room can hold 100 people. TThe meeting room can _ 100 people. She admitted hav ing broke n the traffic rules. T She _ _ she had broke

20、n the traffic rules. (3) 单句改错 I should n ever forget the day whe n I was admitted en teri ng into the party. 归纳拓展 2 (1) . addicted adj.沉溺于 的 be/get/ become addicted to(to 为介词)沉溺于 . ；对 .上瘾 addict vt.使沉溺；使入迷；使上瘾 addict oneself to(to 为介词)沉溺于 . (3) addiction n.瘾；沉溺 语境助记 2 (1) One in seve n people is add

21、icted to alcohol or drugs accord ing to the survey. 根据调查，七分之一的人对酒精或毒品上瘾。 (2) The smarter a child is , the less likely he gets addicted to TV.(2015 广东) 一个小孩越聪明，他越不可能对电视上瘾。 (3) The man began to addict himself to all sorts of vice. 这个人开始沉溺于各式各样的恶习。 题组训练 2 (1) 用 addict 的正确形式填空 I know that if I start wat

22、ch ing a soap opera I immediately become hopelessly . His _ to drugs propelled(马驱使)him towards a life of crime. (2) 单句改错 He addicted him to gambli ng. 5. On average, about forty people travel in one bus, while the same number occupy thirty- three cars. 平均而言，大约 40 人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据 33 辆小轿车。 归纳拓展 1

23、 on average 平均；通常 average adj.平均的，普通的，平常的； n.C平均，平均数；U 般水平，平均水准 above (the) average 在一般水平以上 below (the) average 在一般水平以下 up to the average 接近一般水平 语境助记 1 (However， wome n，on average， live Ion ger. 然而，妇女的平均寿命更长。 (2016 四川) (2) Temperatures are above/below the average for the time of year. 温度高于/低于此时的年平均温

24、度。 易混辨析 average， ordinary， com mon (1) average 指相对于某个标准来说属于 “普通的”级别，没什么特别之处。 (2) ordinary 用于物，指十分平淡无奇；用于人，指无特别之处，很一般。 common多用于指物，侧重很常见，不稀奇。 题组训练 1 (1) 用适当的介词填空 The amount of Mary s schoolwork is about _ to the average while Lucy s is less and _ average. He was a good student and scored _ average in

25、 most subjects. (2) 用 com mon , ordinary , average 填空 His in come is well below the _ . Rabbits and foxes are _ in Britain. He preferred to be treated as an _ worker. 归纳拓展 2 (1) occupy vt.占领，占据；占用(空间、面积、时间等)；使忙于；(使)全神贯注于 occupy sb./sth./ on eself with sth. /in doi ng sth.使 . 忙于某事 / 做某事 sb.be occupie

26、d with sth. /in doing sth.某人忙于某事 /做某事 keep sb.occupied 使某人忙碌 (2) occupati on n.居住；占据；工作；职业 语境助记 2 (1) During the war , Germany occupied many countries , including France. 战争期间，德国占领了很多国家，包括法国。 (2) They often occupy a very wide area , with mountains and rivers. 它们通常占地面积非常广，有山脉、河流。 (3) A teacher should

27、 occupy himself with educati on as well as with teach ing. 教师不仅要专心于教书还要育人。 题组训练 2 (1) 用 occupy 的正确形式填空 _ herself with routine office tasks , she had no time to attend to her children. Please fill in the form stati ng your _ . _ with her children , Mrs White can t go shopping with us. Reading _ most

28、of my free time. This game will keep the childre n _ . (2) 用适当的介词填空 I occupied myself _ writing and I couldn t spare any time to play with you. Hele n was fully occupied _ bus in ess matters yesterday. All the stude nts are occupied _ making preparati ons for the final exam in ati on. 联想归纳我们学过的表示 “忙

29、于做某事”的短语还有哪些？请补全。 be _ in sth. be _ with sth./(in) doing sth. be _ with sth./(in) doing sth. 6. Do whichever of these things that suit you. 做任何适合你的事。 归纳拓展 (1) suit vt.适合；n.套装 be suited to/for 适合于 . suit sth.to sb./sth.使某物适合于某人/某物 a suit of 一套(衣服) (2) suitable adj.合适的，适宜的 be suitable to/for 适合于 . 语境助

30、记 (1) At the events, you can meet expert growers and discuss which ones will best sujt your conditions.(2016 全国in ) 在活动上，你可能遇见种植专家并和他们讨论哪些将最适合你的条件。 (2) Her speech was well suited to/for the occasi on. 她的讲话在这个场合十分得体。 (3) He had only one good suit. 他只有一套好衣服。 易混辨析suit, fit, match (1) suit 侧重合乎条件、身份、口味、

31、需要等；指衣服时，指在颜色、样式等方面适合某人。 (2) fit 侧重尺寸、大小合适，因而引申为 吻合”。 (3) match指大小、色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配，相当于 go with。 题组训练 (1) 用 suit, fit, match的正确形式填空 A good teacher _ his lessons to the age of his pupils. Rose s clothes and hat don t _ . No dish _ all tastes. The coat is small .It does n t _ me. (2) 单句语法填空 I bought a s

32、uit _ clothes. He suited his speech _ the audienee. She is suited _ teaching. We thought him a _ (suit) person for the job. 经典句式 1. How often do we arrive at work or school stressed out, tired and angry? 有多少次我们在极度焦虑、疲惫、恼怒的状态下到达办公室或学校？ 归纳拓展 句中 stressed ou，tired and angry 作状语，用来说明主语 we 的状态。stressed, t

33、ired 为过去分 词形式的形容词。形容词在句中作状语，其功能在于说明主语的特征或状态。可以作伴随、 原因、让步状语。 语境助记 (1) Little Tom sat amazed watch ing the mon key dancing in front of him.(2015 四川) 小汤姆吃惊地坐在那儿看着猴子在他面前跳舞。 (2) Absorbed in pain ti ng , Joh n did n t no tice evening approach in g.(2015 天津) 由于专心于绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。 (3) Helpless , we watched

34、 half a year s food destroyed before us. 我们毫无办法，眼睁睁地看着半年的粮食在我们面前给毁掉了。 题组训练 (1) 用所给动词的正确形式填空 He got home, safe but _ (tire). The rabbit turned over, _ (die). He turned away, _ (disappoint). (2) 句型转换 After hearing what the young man said , Mr Black left the room , and he was angry and sad. T After hea

35、ring what the young man said , Mr Black left the room , _ _ . 2. On average, about forty people travel in one bus, while the same number occupy thirty- three cars. 平均而言，大约 40 人乘坐一辆公共汽车，而同样数量的人要占据 33 辆小轿车。 归纳拓展 (1)while 为并列连词，连接两个并列句，表示转折、对比，意为 “而，却”。 (2)while 可用作名词，意为 “一段时间，一会儿;也可用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句, 意为

36、“当时候；在期间”；引导让步状语从句，意为 “虽然，尽管 语境助记 （1） He could catch many fish while I couldn t catch anything.（2015 广东） 他能钓到很多鱼，而我却什么也逮不着。 （2） While watching TV , children do not merely absorb words and images.（2015 广东） 在看电视的时候，孩子们不仅仅理解文字和影像。 （3） While online shopping has changed our life , not all of its effects

37、have been positive.（2016 浙江） 尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并非它的所有影响都是积极正面的。 题组训练 写出下列句子中 while 的汉语意思 （1） _ Father was cleaning the car while I was doing my homework. _ （2） While he was very tired , the teacher left the dormitory only when all his students were asleep. _ （3） _ I like swimming , while my sister l

38、ikes singing. _ （4） _ They chatted for a while. 当堂达标 I .单词拼写 1. By 2016 , this _ （数字）had risen to 14 million. 2. The thief _ （承认）that he had ever stolen something in the supermarket. 3. _ She is （沉迷于）to TV plays. 4. _ When walking in the street , we should walk on the _ （人行道）. 5. _ Don t worry , we

39、ll get the money back _ （以某种方式 ）. 6. _ Playing basketball is a kind of （身体的）exercise. 7. _ The sewing machine will soon （占领） about 50% of the world market. 8. Peter owed me 1,000 dollars but could pay only half that a _ . 9. _ These novels have been shortened to _s the need of children. 10. _ There

40、must be something wrong with the 课时自测基础达标演填 意为“当时候；在期间”；引导让步状语从句，意为 “虽然，尽管 _ （发动机）of my car. n .选词填空 relate to, get stuck in , go up, admit to, be addicted to 11. When a wolf was eating an animal , a small bone from the meat _ his throat. 12. Real in comes of workers _ by 10% in the past year. 13. _

41、 Tom playing golf , thinking about nothing but it. 14. This report does not _ him. 15. _ Do you taking these books without telling anybody? 川.完成句子 16. 老人在风雪中度过了好几天，又冷又饿。 The old man spent several days in the wind and snow , _ . 17. 虽然他爱他的学生，但他对他们很严格。 _ ， he is very strict with them. 18. 现代农业耕作方法可能对环

42、境造成影响。 Modern farming methods can _ the environment. 19 .我担心我是不是伤了她的感情。 I worry about _ . 20.每年在烟草上花去大量的钱。 A large amount of money _ tobacco every year. IV .课文语法填空 Take 21. _ (active) somehow! We ofte n th ink there is no thi ng we can do about the no ise , 22. _ (pollute) and dan ger of traffic.The

43、re is.If your street s full 23. heavy traffic , talk to your neighbours about it.Write to the papers.Go to the city government.Ask for 24. _ speed limit.Ask for a pedestrian area.Do 25. _ (which) of these things that suit you.Don t just sit 26. _ and complain! All quite simple , isn t it ? Well, I m sorry I must finish this article .I ve got to pick 27. my daughter from school 28. _ four o clock.Then I ve got to drive to Sainsbury s to do the shopping.After 29. _ I have to take my