实验3 进程通信

1、实验三 进程通信学校：FJUT 学号：3131903229 班级：计算机1302 姓名：姜峰一. 实验学时与类型学时：2，课外学时：自定实验类型：设计性实验二. 实验目的了解Linux的软中断、管道、消息队列、共享存储区等进程间通信方式。三. 实验内容1. 软中断通信机制(1) 请编写一个程序：循环输出“how are you?”，在按下Ctrl+C后中断显示，输出“Byebye!”后退出程序。源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <signal.h>int flag = 1;void Soft_Interrupt() flag = 0; ret

2、urn;int main() signal( 2, Soft_Interrupt ); while( flag ) printf( "how are you?n" ); printf( "Byebye!" ); return 0;运行结果截图：(2) 使用软中断机制实现父子进程同步，父进程先输出A，然后子进程输出B。源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <signal.h>int flag = 1;void Soft_Interrupt() flag = 0

3、; return;int main() int pid = fork(); if( pid > 0 ) printf( "I am father:An" ); kill( pid, 10 ); else if( pid = 0 ) signal( 10, Soft_Interrupt ); while( flag ) sleep( 1 ); printf( "I am child:Bn" ); else printf( "EORROR!n" ); return -1; return 0;运行结果截图：2. 管道机制(1) 父子进

4、程通过管道传送一串字符。要求：子进程随机从键盘输入一串字符，通过管道发给父进程，父进程从管道中将消息读出并显示出来。源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>int main() int pid, flag, singlepipe2; char *writepipe, *readpipe; flag = pipe( singelpipe ); if( flag = -1 ) printf( "ERRORPIPE!n&quo

5、t; ); return -1; pid = fork(); if( pid > 0 ) readpipe = ( char * ) malloc( 100 * sizeof( char ) ); wait( 0 ); read( singlepipe0, readpipe, 100 ); printf( "father:%sn", readpipe ); else if( pid = 0 ) printf( "please input a period of string( stringlength<100 ):n" ); writepip

6、e = ( char * ) malloc( 100 * sizeof( char ) ); scanf( "%s", writepipe ); write( singlepipe1, writepipe, strlen( writepipe ) ); else printf( "ERRORFORK!n" ); return 0; return 1; 运行结果截图：(2) 父子进程通过管道互相发送字符串。要求：子进程向父进程通过管道发送”I am child.”，父进程回送”I am father.”，父子进程将各自收到的字符串显示在屏幕上。源代码：#i

7、nclude <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <stdlib.h>#include <string.h>int main() int pid, flag, singlepipe2; char *childpipe, *parentpipe; childpipe = ( char * ) malloc( 15 * sizeof( char ) ); parentpipe = ( char * ) malloc( 15 * sizeof( char ) ); flag = pipe( singlepipe )

8、; if( flag = -1 ) printf( "ERRORPIPE!n" ); return -1; pid = fork(); if( pid > 0 ) usleep( 100 ); read( singlepipe0, childpipe, 15 ); printf( "child say:%sn", childpipe ); strcpy( parentpipe, "I am father" ); write( singlepipe1, parentpipe, strlen( parentpipe ) ); els

9、e if( pid = 0 ) strcpy( childpipe, "I am child." ); write( singlepipe1, childpipe, strlen( childpipe ) ); sleep( 1 ); read( singlepipe0, parentpipe, 15 ); printf( "parent say:%sn", parentpipe ); else printf( "ERRORFORK!n" ); return 0; return 1;运行结果截图：3. 消息队列机制(1) 父进程及其子

10、进程通过一条消息队列互相传送数据。源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <string.h>#include <sys/msg.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/ipc.h>#define MAXSIZE 256#define KEY 100int msgqid;typedef struct long int Mtype; char MtextMAXSIZE;Message;void Cancelqueue() if(

11、msgctl( msgqid, IPC_RMID, 0 ) < 0 ) perror( "msgctl" ); exit( 1 ); system( "ipcs -q" ); exit(0);int main() int pid; Message trmsg, Ptrmsg = &trmsg; msgqid = msgget( KEY, IPC_CREAT | 0666 ); if( msgqid < 0 ) perror( "msgget" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipc

12、s -q" ); pid = fork(); if( pid > 0 ) char parentMAXSIZE; signal( 2, Cancelqueue ); Ptrmsg -> Mtype = getpid(); scanf( "%s", Ptrmsg -> Mtext ); if( msgsnd( msgqid, Ptrmsg, sizeof( long int ) + strlen( Ptrmsg -> Mtext ), 0 ) < 0 ) perror( "msgsnd" ); exit( 1 );

13、else system( "icps -q" ); msgrcv( msgqid, Ptrmsg, MAXSIZE, pid, 0 ); strcpy( parent, Ptrmsg -> Mtext ); printf( "Parent:receive message from %d as: %sn", pid, parent ); else if( pid = 0 ) char childMAXSIZE; signal( 2, Cancelqueue ); msgrcv( msgqid, Ptrmsg, MAXSIZE, getppid(),

14、0 ); strcpy( child, Ptrmsg -> Mtext ); printf( "Child:receive message from %d as: %sn", getppid(), child ); Ptrmsg -> Mtype = getpid(); scanf( "%s", Ptrmsg -> Mtext ); if( msgsnd( msgqid, Ptrmsg, sizeof( long int ) + strlen( Ptrmsg -> Mtext ), 0 ) < 0 ) perror( &qu

15、ot;msgsnd" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -q" ); else printf( "ERROR!n" ); return -1; return 0;运行结果截图： (2) 非父子进程之间实通过一条消息队列互相传递数据。Client端源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <string.h>#include <sys/msg.h>#include <sys/types.h>#inc

16、lude <sys/ipc.h>#define MAXSIZE 256#define KEY 100int msgqid;typedef struct long int Mtype; char MtextMAXSIZE;Message;void Cancelqueue() if( msgctl( msgqid, IPC_RMID, 0 ) < 0 ) perror( "msgctl" ); exit( 1 ); system( "ipcs -q" ); exit(0);int main() int pid; char clientMAX

17、SIZE, TempMAXSIZE; Message trmsg, *Ptrmsg = &trmsg; msgqid = msgget( KEY, IPC_CREAT | 0777 ); if( msgqid < 0 ) perror( "msgget" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -q" ); signal( 2, Cancelqueue ); Ptrmsg -> Mtype = 10; scanf( "%s", Temp ); sprintf( Ptrmsg -> M

18、text, "Hello!this is clinet,my pid is %d my message is :%s", getpid(), Temp ); if( msgsnd( msgqid, Ptrmsg, sizeof( long int ) + strlen( Ptrmsg -> Mtext ), 0 ) < 0 ) perror( "msgsnd" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -q" ); msgrcv( msgqid, Ptrmsg, MAXSIZE, 11, 0 );

19、strcpy( client, Ptrmsg -> Mtext ); printf( "Client:receive message from server as: %sn", client ); return 0;Server端源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <string.h>#include <sys/msg.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/ipc.h>#define MAXSIZ

20、E 256#define KEY 100int msgqid;typedef struct long int Mtype; char MtextMAXSIZE;Message;void Cancelqueue() if( msgctl( msgqid, IPC_RMID, 0 ) < 0 ) perror( "msgctl" ); exit( 1 ); system( "ipcs -q" ); exit(0);int main() int pid; char serverMAXSIZE, TempMAXSIZE; Message trmsg, *P

21、trmsg = &trmsg; signal( 2, Cancelqueue ); msgqid = msgget( KEY, 0777 ); if( msgqid < 0 ) perror( "msgget" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -q" ); msgrcv( msgqid, Ptrmsg, MAXSIZE, 10, 0 ); strcpy( server, Ptrmsg -> Mtext ); printf( "Server:receive message from clien

22、t as: %sn", server ); Ptrmsg -> Mtype = 11; scanf( "%s", Temp ); sprintf( Ptrmsg -> Mtext, "Hello!this is server,my pid is %d my message is :%s", getpid(), Temp ); if( msgsnd( msgqid, Ptrmsg, sizeof( long int ) + strlen( Ptrmsg -> Mtext ), 0 ) < 0 ) perror( "

23、;msgsnd" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -q" ); return 0;分别对client和server端运行结果截图：Client端：Server端：4. 共享内存机制（选做）(1) 编程实现基于共享内存的进程间通信。要求：进程A通过共享内存将自己的进程号传递给进程B。A端源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <sys/ipc.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/s

24、hm.h>#define KEY 10int main() int shmid;int *viraddr; shmid = shmget( KEY, sizeof( *viraddr ), IPC_CREAT | 0666 ); if( shmid < 0 ) perror( "shmget" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -m" ); viraddr = ( int * ) shmat( shmid, 0, 0 ); *viraddr = getpid(); usleep( 5000 ); shmdt(

25、viraddr ); shmctl( shmid, IPC_RMID, 0 ); return 0;B端源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <sys/ipc.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/shm.h>#define KEY 10int main() int shmid;int *viraddr; shmid = shmget( KEY, sizeof( *viraddr ), IPC_CREAT | 0666 ); if( s

26、hmid < 0 ) perror( "shmget" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -m" ); viraddr = ( int * ) shmat( shmid, 0, 0 ); printf( "I am A, My pid is %dn", *viraddr ); shmdt( viraddr ); return 0;运行结果截图对比：(2) 若要通过共享内存实现进程A与进程B互送进程号，可怎样编程实现？A端源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include &l

27、t;unistd.h>#include <sys/ipc.h>#include <sys/types.h>#include <sys/shm.h>#define KEY 10int main() int shmid;int *viraddr; shmid = shmget( KEY, sizeof( *viraddr ), IPC_CREAT | 0666 ); if( shmid < 0 ) perror( "shmget" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -m" );

28、viraddr = ( int * ) shmat( shmid, 0, 0 ); *viraddr = getpid(); usleep( 5000 ); printf( "I am B, My pid is %dn", *viraddr );shmdt( viraddr ); shmctl( shmid, IPC_RMID, 0 ); return 0;B端源代码：#include <stdio.h>#include <unistd.h>#include <sys/ipc.h>#include <sys/types.h>#

29、include <sys/shm.h>#define KEY 10int main() int shmid;int *viraddr; shmid = shmget( KEY, sizeof( *viraddr ), IPC_CREAT | 0666 ); if( shmid < 0 ) perror( "shmget" ); exit( 1 ); else system( "ipcs -m" ); viraddr = ( int * ) shmat( shmid, 0, 0 ); printf( "I am A, My pid is %dn", *viraddr ); *viraddr = getpid(); shmdt( viraddr ); return 0;运行结果截图对比：5. SOCKET进程通信（选做）编程实现基于SOCKET的进程间通信，通过网络实现进程之间数据通信。要求：分别编写服务器端和客户端方程序，运行于不同终端，二者可相互进行通信。四. 思考与总结(1) 请对比下