被动语态专题讲解(T)

1、初中英语被动语态的讲解一、什么是被动语态英语中时态很多，但语态不多，只有两种，即：主动语态和被动语态。所谓“被动语态”，相当于中文中常说的“被”、“由”的句式，如：“他的自行车被偷了。”，“这座楼房是由他们建造的。”二、被动语态的结构:be + 过去分词 + (by+动作执行者)His bicycle was stolen.The building has been built in 2000.三、被动语态的运用(1) 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没有必要。例如：Paper is made from wood. The house is quite old. It was built in 195

2、0. He was wounded in the fight.Electricity is used to run machines.(2) 需要强调动作的对象时。例如：Calculator can't be used in the maths exam. Books and newspapers in the reading room mustnt be taken away.He was awarded first prize in that contest.(3)为了使语气婉转，避免提到是谁做的这件事。The construction of the new lab must be

3、 completed by the end of next month.四、各种时态的被动语态举例一般地讲，被动语态可用于英语的各种时态。为了能准确地运用被动语态，重点是要掌握be动词的各种时态变化。各种时态的被动语态举例如下：1、 一般现在时的被动语态. am / is / are + 动词的过去分词Our classroom is cleaned every day.This car is made in China.2、一般过去式的被动语态: was / were + 动词的过去分词His desk was cleaned just now.The station was built i

4、n 1928.3、现在进行时的被动语态: am / is / are + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory is being built in our city now.Some trees are being cut down in the park.4、过去进行时的被动语态: was / were + being + 动词的过去分词A new factory was being built in our city at that time.Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.5、一般将

5、来时的被动语态:(A) will / shall + be + 动词的过去分词 (B) am / is / are + going to be +动词的过去分词.Some new factories will be built in our city this year.Your watch is going to be mended in an hour.6、过去将来时的被动语态: (1).would / should + be + 动词的过去分词 (2).was / were +going to be + 动词的过去分词.She said that some new factories w

6、ould be built soon in our city.He thought that your watch was going to be mended after an hour.7、现在完成时的被动语态:have / has + been + 动词的过去分词Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.Your watch has been mended already.8、过去完成时的被动语态:had + been + 动词的过去分词He said that some new factories ha

7、d been built in the city.I didnt know that my watch had been mended .9、含情态动词的被动式：can/may/must + be + done例如：He can not be found. / I must be paid for this.五、如何将主动语态变成被动语态1、从句子意义上说，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。 主动语态：人们说英语。People speak English in many countries.被动语态：英语被说。 English is spoken in many countries.主动

8、语态：我们造这座桥。We built this bridge last year.被动语态：这座桥被建造。This bridge was built last year.2、从语法的角度说，把原句的宾语改成主语。主动语态：小王邀请你(宾语) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.被动语态：你(宾语)被邀请。 You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.主动语态：你不准带走杂志(宾语) You must not take these magazines out of the reading-r

9、oom.被动语态：杂志(宾语)不准被带走.These magazines must not be taken out of the reading room.主动语态：他们授给他(宾语)一枚奖章(宾语).They gave him a medal for his wonderful work.被动语态：他(宾语)被授予一枚奖章. He was given a medal for his wonderful work.被动语态：一枚奖章(宾语)被授给了他.A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.A.熟记结构被动语态的结构为“助动词be+及物

10、动词的过去分词(p.p)”。被动语态的不同时态是通过be的时态变化来表示的，其人称和数方面应与主语保持一致。其具体变化为：一般现在时：am/is/are+p.p.一般过去时：was/were+p.p.一般将来时：shall /will be +p.p.现在完成时：have /has been +p.p.现在进行时：am/is/are+being+p.p.过去将来时：should /would be +p.p.含情态动词的被动结构：情态动词+be+p.p中考英语单项选择题汇编.I _ scared of dogs ever since a dog hurt me when I was five

11、years old. （2015杭州）A.will be B.was C.have been D.would be参考答案：C2.Ben and Sue arent home, are they? No. They _ to London on business. （2015江西）A. have gone B. go C. have been D. will go参考答案：A3.Why did the car hit the boy?Because the driver _ on the phone at that time.（2015天津）A. talk B. is talking C. w

12、as talking D. have talked参考答案：C4.Where is Linda? I cant find her anywhere.She _ the flowers in the garden. （2015三亚）A. waters B. watered C. is watering参考答案：C5.Miss Brown, we _ cleaning our classroom. Can we go home now?（2015广州）A.finish B.finishing C.are finished D.have finished参考答案：D6.I called you at

13、 half past nine this morning, but there was no answer.Oh, sorry. I _ with my cousin in the supermarket. （2015克拉玛依）A. shopping B. was shopping C. Shopped D. will shop参考答案：B7.When _ you _ here?Two days ago. （2015天津）A. did; come B. have; come C. will; come D. do; come参考答案：A8. Where is Joan? She _ a nov

14、el in her study. （2015苏州）A. has read B. Reads C. will read D. is reading参考答案：D9. Miss Lin _ my desk-mate with her lessons when I left school.She is really a nice teacher.（2015福州）A.helps B.is helping C.was helping参考答案：C10.Shall we go out for a walk. Bill? Im afraid not. It _ outside now. （2015三亚） A.

15、was raining B. rained C. is raining参考答案：C11.So far, the AIIB（亚投行）_ 57 countries to be the founding members.（2015福州）A.attracted B.has attracted C.will attract参考答案：B12.Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight? No, I _ it last week. （2015长沙）A.see B.have seen C.saw参考答案：C13.Do you have any plans

16、for tonight?Yes ,I _ at the new Italian restaurant in town. （2015江西）A. eat B. have eaten C. Ate D. am going to eat参考答案：D14.I called you last night , but you didnt answer.Sorry, Grace. I _ I am A Singer when the phone rang. （2015长沙） A.am watching B.was watching C.have watched参考答案：B15.Premier Zhou Enl

17、ai _ for many years, he still lives in the hearts of Chinese people（2015安顺）A.died B.was died C.has been died D.has been dead参考答案：D16.Mary with her parents often _ for a walk in the park after supper. （2015安顺）A.go B.is going C.are going D.goes参考答案：D17.We _some robots at home in the future, and there

18、_some in the office, too. （2015安顺）A.will have; will have B.have; will be C.will have; will be D.will have; are参考答案：C18.Cathy, can you answer the door? I _ the room. Im coming, mum. （2015安徽）A.clean B.cleaned C.have cleaned D.am cleaning参考答案：D19.Our classmates went to a concert yesterday afternoon.Wha

19、t a pity! I _ my homework. （2015泰安）A.had done B.was doing C.am doing D.would do参考答案：B20.Stop smoking, Joe! You _ yourself if you keep on doing it like that! （2015重庆A/C卷）A.will kill B.have killed C.kill D.killed参考答案：A21.I _ to the cinema yesterday. Its a pity. You didnt invite me. （2015娄底）A.go B.went

20、 C.have gone参考答案：B22.Have you watched the new movie Jurassic world, Steven?Not yet. I _ it with my cousin this evening. （2015温州）A. will watch B. was watching C. watched D. have watched参考答案：A23.Too many people were absent. The chairperson warned that he _ the meeting if necessary. （2015无锡） A. would c

21、ancel B. cancelled C. would start D. started参考答案：A24.Mother often tells me, “I hope you _ what I _ you to do at school!” （2015武威）A.wont forget; have told B.dont forget; will tell C.didnt forget; tell D.havent forgotten; am telling参考答案：A25.Hey, Jenny. Lets go home together. Just a moment. I _ an e-ma

22、il. （2015武威）A.send B.sent C.am sending D.have sent参考答案：C26.Lucy, what were you doing at nine last night?I _ the piano. I usually practice the piano at that time. （2015襄阳）A.play B.played C.was playing D.am playing参考答案：C27.Over fifty countries _ the AIIB(亚投行) so far.A.joined B.was joining C.had joined

23、 D.have joined参考答案：D28.What were you doing at 8:00 last Sunday?I _ rubbish with my classmates by Zijiang River. （2015益阳） A.picked up B.am picking up C.was picking up参考答案：C29.Why didnt you buy any bread? Sorry, I _. （2015重庆A/C卷）A.forget B.forgot C.remember D.remembered参考答案：B30.Please wait. She _ to y

24、ou in a few minutes. （2015重庆B卷）A.talk B.talked C.have talked D.will talk参考答案：D31.When shall we begin our meeting? Well begin it when Helen _.（2015重庆B卷）A.comes B.came C.will come D.come参考答案：A32.How clean your car is! Thank you. It _ very often. A.is washed B.washes C.was washed D.washed参考答案：A33.Our n

25、ew library _ last year. We enjoy reading and studying in it. （2015重庆B卷）A.builds   B.built   C.is built   D.was built参考答案：D34.A new school _ last year in my hometown.A.set up B.sets up C.is set up D.was set up参考答案：D35.Bob took a photo of his girlfriend while she _ at the

26、 party.A.dances B.was dancing C.has danced D.is dancing参考答案：B36.Many houses _ by the earthquake and thousands of people were left homeless.（2015广州）A.damaged B.were damaged C.were damaging D.are damaged参考答案：B37.Dont smoke here, Dad. Smoking _ in public places.Oh, sorry. Ill stop right now.（2015福州）A.isnt allowed B.arent allowed C.doesnt allow参考答案：A38.Lily, will you go to Jennys birthday party this Saturday?Im not sure. Because I _ so far. （2015泰安）A.have invited B.w