高二英语【虚拟语气】

1、学乐教育每一步 关注成长每一天 咨询电话XL-JX001广 州 学 乐 教 育虚拟语气讲解气 学生姓名 陈景琦 就读年级 高二 授课日期 2014.3.1 教研院审核 课题虚拟语气教学目标系统掌握虚拟语气在非真实条件状语从句、名词性从句中的用法。掌握与If only, as if though, with out , but for等相关的虚拟语气用法。重点非真实条件状语从句中从句、主句谓语动词时态难点语境的把握课前一测I. 用所给词的适当形式填空。1. It is ordered that more elective courses(选修课) _ (offer)

2、next semester. 2. He wishes he _ (pay) more attention to pronunciation then he _ (be) in the last year.3. How nice it _ (be) if the wind _ (not blow) so hard now. 4. During the strike（罢工） the workers demanded that working hours _ (shorten) and working conditions _ (improve) 5. Im afraid even if the

3、picture _(be) shorter, it _(not fit) the frame（相框）. 语气种类语气是表示说话者对动词所表示的动作或状态的态度，是一种动词形式。英语中的语气有三种陈述语气陈述一个事实、状态。或提出一个想法。祈使语气表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告虚语语气表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种真实的假设、料想、或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。练习：判断下列句子属于哪一种语气Dont worry. Tom is a good boy. My father never cooks dinnerIf he had been here, he would h

4、ave agreed with me. How I wish I could flyOpen the window, please! Jim told me he had seen the film. If only I were a boy.I wish I could fly. 虚拟语气使用的情景一、虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的应用 条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。A 真实条件句真实条件句用于陈述语气，假设的情况可能发生。时态关系 【主将从现】句型： 条件从句 主句 一般现在时 shall/will+动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.典

5、型例题The volleyball match will be put off if it_.A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rainedB 非真实条件句（重点）所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与主句皆用虚拟语气。从句的谓语形式主语的谓语形式与现在事实相反If +主语+动词过去式主语 +should/would/could/might+动词原形与过去事实相反If +主语+ had +动词过去分词主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词与将来事实相反If +主语+动词过去式If +主语+sho

6、uld+动词原形If+主语 +were to +动词原形主语+should/would/could/might+动词原形1. 表示跟现在事实相反If I were you, I should (would, could, might)tell him the truth. 要是我是你，我就会对他说实话。练习题如果他有时间，他就会（可能）和你去。 If he time, he go with you.要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没有问题了。If my brother here, everything be all right. 2. 与过去的事实相反If you had been more care

7、ful, the mistake might have been avoided.如果昨晚有时间，我就会来看你的.If I time last night, I to see you. 假如我的表不停，我就会准时的。If my watch had not stopped, I been on time.3. 与将来事实相反If he were to come, what should we say to him. If he to Guangzhou, he would come by high rail. 假如他来广州的话，他一定坐高铁。4. 虚拟条件句的倒装If从句中若含有should,

8、had 或者were，那么就可以把它们放在句首，与主语颠倒形成倒装。Were he here, he would come to help us. Had you been here just now, you would have met her. Should I see him tomorrow, I would tell him about it. 假如我明天看见他，我就会告诉他关于这一切。Had you done as I told you, you would have succeeded. 假如你按照我说的去做，你就会成功。5. 由介词with, without, but for

9、引导的条件状语从句。What would you do with a million dollars? =if you had a million dollarsWithout your help. (if we hadnt got your help) We the work ahead of time(finish)But for rain (=If it hadnt been for the rain), we would the work. (finish)7. 含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段代替条件句。例如：I was ill

10、that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meet.（副词）He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it .（连词）A man who stopped drinking water would be dead in about seven days. （定语从句）Everything taken into consideration, they would have raised their out

11、put quickly.（独立主格结构）二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法1、在动词wish后的宾语从句中，表示与现在或过去的事实相反，或对将来的主观愿望，从句通常省略连词that。（1）表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去式（be动词一般用were）。I wish I knew the answer to the question. 我希望知道这个问题的答案。I wish it （be）autumn in Beijing all the year around. 但愿北京全年是秋天。She wishes that her parents rich 她希望她的父母很富有.（2）表示对过去情况的虚拟

12、：从句动词常用“had过去分词”。 I wish I hadnt spent so much money. 我后悔不该花那么多钱。 He wishes he my advice. 他真希望当初听从我的建议。（3）表示对将来的主观愿望：从句动词形式为“would动词原形”。I wish it would stop raining. 但愿雨能停止。I wish you come soon. 但愿你立刻来。2. 在一个坚持（insist）, 两个命令（order, command）,三个建议（ suggest, advice, propose）,四个要求（ ask,demand request, r

13、equire）等动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”（重点） I suggest that we (should) set off at once. 我建议马上动身。The students insisted that they more English classes. 学生们坚持要多上英语课。3. 在主语would (had) rather that 宾语从句中，从句谓语用过去式表示虚拟形式。I would rather they went with me. 我倒希望他们和我一起去。三、虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法Its necessary (natural, impo

14、rtant, strange, surprising, better, a pity, no wonder) that时， 谓语的虚拟形式用 （should）原形动词来表示。It is necessary that a student should master computer skills. 学生生掌握电脑技能很有必要。It is a pity that he absent today. 很遗憾他居然没有在It is important that we politely. 我们说话要有礼貌，这是很重要的。四、虚拟语气在表语从句和同位语从句的用法在suggestion, proposal,

15、order, plan, idea, request, advice等名词后的表语从句和同位语从句中要用虚拟语气。其构成是“should动词原形”。My idea is that we should think it over before accepting it. 表语从句练习：我们一致赞同他的建议，人与人应当互相尊重 We all agreed to his suggestion that we each other. 五、虚拟语气的其他用法1、在It is (high) time (that)的句型中，定语从句的虚拟形式常用过去式或should动词原形（should不能省略），表示“现

16、在该”我们该走了。It is time we left.2、 if only表示一种假设情况，意思是“要是······就好了”，相当于主语wish。If only it were Sunday today. 要是今天是星期天就好了。If only he had a sense of humor. 要是他幽默点就好了。3、由as if(as though) 或even though(even though) 引导的状语从句表示比较或方式时，从句谓语形式为动词的过去式（be用were）或“had过去分词”。He treats me as

17、if I were a stranger. 他那样对待我，好像我式陌生人似的。She talked about the film as if she had really seen it. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。注意：如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么方式状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。4、虚拟语气用在含有If it were not for或If it had not been for 条件句中。If it were not for the rain, the crops would die.If it had not been for your help, we couldn

18、t have finished the work ahead of time.5、虚拟语气表示委婉语气的句型中。It would be better for you not to do that.Would you be so kind as to show me the way to the railway station.6、 用于“may动词原形”表示“祝愿”，may须置于句首。May you succeed!May you be happy!实战演练I. 从所给的选项中选出最佳答案。1. _ go down town this afternoon, please post the le

19、tter for me. Which choice is wrong?A Had you B Were you to C If you did D Should you 2. You didnt let me drive. If we _ in turn, you _ so tired. A drove, didnt get B drove, wouldnt get C were driving, wouldnt get D had driven, wouldnt have got3. If it _ for the snow, we _ the mountain yesterday.A we

20、re not, could have climbed B were not, could climbC hadnt been, could have climbed D hadnt been, could climb 4. The new airport _ if they hadnt stopped working on it.A would complete B had been completed C had completed D would have been completed5. If he _ his doctors advice, he _ alive.A had taken

21、, might still have been B had taken, might still beC might have taken, had still been C took, might still be 6. If you _ in good health, I _ you on a trip yesterday.A were, would have let B had been, would have letC had been, had let D were, had let7. I lost your address, otherwise (or) I _ you long

22、 before.A had visited B have visited C would have visited D should visit 8. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _ the rules.A obeys B obey C will obey D would obey 9. The boss insisted that John _ unfit for his work.A was B is C should be D were 10. The officer commanded(ordered)the damage

23、d bridge _ before dawn.A must be repaired B would be repaired C be repaired D should have been repaired II. 运用虚拟语气翻译下列句子1. 要是没有你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事了。(without) _. 2. 假如天下雨，庄稼(crop)就能得救。 _. 3. 如果他有时间的话，他就会和你去。 _. 14. 我希望我知道这个问题的答案。(wish) _. 15. 他那样对待我，好象我是陌生人。(as if/though) _. 作业1. If I _ you, Id join the

24、army.A. am B. was C. were D. would be2. “If the sun _ tomorrow, what would we do?” A. will not rise B. would not rise C. did not rise D. does not rise3. If you _ to see Mary, what would you tell her? A. are B. will be going C. must D. were4. I would have said “Hello” to him if I _ your brother. A. c

25、ould see B. had seen C. will see D. will have seen5. If you had wanted to buy a record, what _?A. would you buy B. had you boughtC. would you have bought D. would you be buying6. If the tablets had dissolved, John _.A. would probably die B. had probably diedC. probably would be died D. would probabl

26、y have died7. _ if you had lost your watch?A. Hadnt you been upset B. Wouldnt you be upsetC. Werent you upset D. Wouldnt you have upset8. -“I was so sorry to hear about Jack.” -“If he had made more friends here, he might _.” A. have stayed B. have stay C. stayed D. stay9. If I had a bike, I _ it to

27、you yesterday.A. would have lent B. would lendC. would have lend D. could lend10. _, John would not have failed. A. If he has listened to me B. Had he listened to me C. If he listened to me D. As he listened to me用所给动词的适当形式填空1.If people _(drive) more slowly, there wouldnt be so many accidents.2.If you had worked carefully, you _(not make) so many mistakes.3.The boat wouldnt have drifted away, if we _ (tie) it up.4.If I had known you already _(have) a typewriter, I _(not, buy) one for your birthday.5.If he _(be) here this afternoon I would go with him.6.If it were to rain tomorro