306-im02-Processes in Inventory Management-安盛咨询

1、Andersen Consulting 20001Andersen Consulting 20002 Topic One: Introduction to Inventory Management Topic Two: Goods Receipt Topic Three: Reservations Topic Four: Goods Issue Topic Five: Stock Transfer/Transfer Posting Reporting and AnalysisScheduleScheduleAndersen Consulting 20003Master dataSalesInt

2、ernal and external financial accountingMRPInvoiceverificationInternal procurementProductionInvoicereceipt?InventorymanagementGoodsreceiptGoodsissueTransferpostingExternal procurementPurchasingMaterialBatchesVendorG/L accountsCustomerStorage bins.Andersen Consulting 20004VendorIn-house productionGood

3、s receiptWarehouse 1Warehouse 2Transfer postingGoods issueScrappingConsumptionLegacy SystemAndersen Consulting 20005EBCADStock in transferStock in transitStorage location 0001unrestricted-usein quality inspectionblockedblocked stock returnsin transferStorage location 0002unrestricted-usein quality i

4、nspectionblockedblocked stock returnsin transferPlant 0001Andersen Consulting 20006Consumption statistics12/95MovementsGR/GIslipGoods receiptPh. Inv.Analyses / Inventory ControllingWarehouse MgmtStorage binsRcpt/issueStock transf.Transfer pstgStockStor. loc. stockSpecial stocksQuantities & value

5、sMovementsAndersen Consulting 20007Records movements thataffect valuation of inventory.Records movements thataffect inventory balances.Goods movementWarehouseMaterialdocumentAccountingdocumentIssuesReceiptsAndersen Consulting 20008Accounting DocumentThe material and accounting documents for agoods m

6、ovement are created simultaneouslyfor each inventory transaction.001001002002Line ItemsLine ItemsHeaderHeaderMaterial documentMaterial document 490000757490000757QuantityQuantityDate 04/06Date 04/06MaterialMaterial10 liter10 liter25 each25 eachpaintpaintmirrormirrorPlantPlant300030003000300000100100

7、2002003003Line ItemsLine ItemsHeaderHeaderAccounting documentAccounting document 5000642 5000642AccountAccountDate 04/06Date 04/06DescriptionDescription300000300000300000300000191000191000inventoryinventoryinventoryinventoryliabilityliability$ $7575400400475475Material DocumentAndersen Consulting 20

8、009lMovement types differentiate among the following stocktransactions:nGoods receiptnGoods issuenStock transferlMovement type determines which:nQuantity fields are updated.nStock types are updated.nGeneral ledger stock or consumption accounts are updated.nFields are displayed during document entry.

9、lA three-digit code identifies the particular movement to beperformed (e.g., 101 = purchase order receipt).Andersen Consulting 200010101122Goods receipt to the warehouseReturn delivery to the vendorAndersen Consulting 200011Three-digit movement type is required whenentering a goods receipt.Andersen

10、Consulting 200012Now its time for you to do exercise: No Exercise!Andersen Consulting 200013 Topic One: Introduction to Inventory Management Topic Two: Goods Receipt Topic Three: Reservations Topic Four: Goods Issue Topic Five: Stock Transfer/Transfer Posting Reporting and AnalysisScheduleScheduleAn

11、dersen Consulting 200014Goods receiptFor purchaseorderFor delivery noteFor orderOtherPurchase orderDelivery noteOrderAndersen Consulting 200015lGoods receipt with reference to a purchase order allows:nData to be copied from the purchase order to the goods receiptdocument.nDelivery notification.nInvo

12、ice verification based on quantity received.nPurchase order history update.nInventory quantity and value update.nAutomatic update to G/L accounts.lIf a goods receipt does not contain a purchase ordernumber on the delivery slip, a search for the correctpurchase order number can be performed using the

13、material number or the vendor number.Andersen Consulting 200016Initial entry of stock balanceWithout purchase orderWithout production orderReceipt of by-productsDelivery free of chargeReturns from customerGoods receiptWithout purchase orderWithout production orderPreplanningTuesdayDec. 18, 96Tuesday

14、Dec. 18, 96Andersen Consulting 200017HeaderVendorConditionsTextsCurrencyLine ItemsStatisticsOrderhistoryChangesGeneral informationPurchase OrderDelivery scheduleAccount assignmentTextsPricing conditionsAdditional dataAndersen Consulting 200018Account AssignmentAccount AssignmentConsumable Materialwi

15、th materialmaster recordEnter accountcategoryAutomatic accountassignmentData frommaterial master recordManual accountassignmentUser mustenter dataStock accountConsumption accountCost CenterAssetStock materialWithout materialmaster recordWith materialmaster recordAccountassignmentWith accountcategory

16、Andersen Consulting 200019lStock: Material destined for the warehouse is given astorage location. Goods receipts for the warehouse canbe posted to three different stock types:nUnrestricted-usenQuality inspectionnBlocked stock (valuated)lConsumption: Material intended for consumption (e.g.,charged to

17、 a cost center or a project) can be assigned arecipient or unloading point.lGoods Receipt Blocked Stock: Conditionally acceptedmaterial is usually recorded into GR blocked stock. In thestock overview, there is a separate column for blockedstock. The material is not valuated until released fromblocke

18、d stock but the inventory quantity is updatedimmediately.Andersen Consulting 200020 Stock in quality inspection Stock in quality inspectionBlocked stock (valuated)Blocked stock (valuated) Non-stock purchases Non-stock purchasesCost centerCost centerProjectProjectOtherOtherConditionalStockVendorConsu

19、mption Goods receipt blocked stock Unrestricted-use stock Unrestricted-use stockAndersen Consulting 200021GoodsreceiptGoods receiptPurchasingdocument(s)Item:123Entering the goods receipt increases the inventorylevel of a material that is procured for stock.Warehouse/storesVendorAndersen Consulting 2

20、00022Goods receiptConsumption2 swivel chairs forcost center 1PurchaseorderGoods ReceiptTo PointOf Usage(Not To Stock)Andersen Consulting 200023GR blocked stockAAAAVendorWarehouseMovement 104(Blocked Stock To PO)Movement 103(PO to Blocked Stock)102101Movement 105(Blocked Stock to Warehouse)Movement 1

21、06(Warehouse to Blocked Stock)Andersen Consulting 200024lMovement types differentiate among the following stocktransactions:nGoods receiptnGoods issuenStock transferlMovement type determines which:nQuantity fields are updated.nStock types are updated.nGeneral ledger stock or consumption accounts are

22、 updated.nFields are displayed during document entry.lA three-digit code identifies the particular movement to beperformed (e.g., 101 = purchase order receipt).Andersen Consulting 200025Three-digit movement type is required whenentering a goods receipt.Andersen Consulting 200026Storage Location 16 p

23、iecesStorage Location 24 piecesGR documentItem 16 pcs, Storage Location 1Item 14 pcs, Storage Location 2nSeveral goods receipts can be entered for a single order itemat one time. This occurs if the material is kept in batches or inmultiple storage locations.nThe entries are recorded in one material

24、document.VendorPurchase OrderItem 1 10 pcsItem 2 25 pcsItem 3 15 pcsAndersen Consulting 200027WMWMNotification ofgoods receipt(optional)Material/FinancialdetailsGoodsReceiptSlipStock andconsumptionaccounts updatedTransfer request to theWarehouse Managementsystem (if active)Stock and valueupdatedFina

25、ncialMaterialdocumentHard copy(optional)Inspection notificationto Quality ManagementsystemPost receipt toQuality Inspection(if active)QMQMMaterialMaterialMasterMasterPO historyPO historyand POand POupdatedupdatedGoodsReceiptMaterial deliveryAndersen Consulting 200028In material master record:10 pcs

26、per palletGR: 30 pcsPrint 3 GR slipsGR slipGR slipGR slipGR slipGR slipGR slipAndersen Consulting 200029Reason for movement(optional entry)(e.g.: wrong storage location)Reason for movement(optional entry)(e.g.: material damaged)The return delivery slip is returned with the material to the vendor.Rev

27、ersalReturn deliveryWithoutGoods receipt/issue slipWithReturn delivery slipAndersen Consulting 200030Goods receiptGoods receipt10 piecesPurchaseorder10 pieces at $60 pieceStock accountStock accountGR/IR accountGR/IR accountPrice differencesPrice differencesMaterialMasterRecordStandard Cost= $50/piec

28、eGoods receiptuInventory account is debited at standardprice.uGR/IR clearing account is credited atpurchase order price.uPrice difference account debited withdifference between standard andpurchase order price.500 +500 +600 -600 -100 +100 +Andersen Consulting 200031lA document is proof that a busine

29、ss transaction orposting occurred.lIn the SAP R/3 System, documents are generated andstored for every goods movement. There are two types ofdocuments:nMaterial documents record inventory impacts and changes.nAccounting documents record the financial impact of a goodsmovement.lOnce a goods movement h

30、as been posted, quantities,materials, movement types and organizational levelscannot be changed. Only data such as text can bechanged. Mistakes are corrected with a new document.Documents can be canceled or reversed.Andersen Consulting 200032Records movements thataffect valuation of inventory.Record

31、s movements thataffect inventory balances.Goods movementWarehouseMaterialdocumentAccountingdocumentIssuesReceiptsAndersen Consulting 200033Accounting DocumentThe material and accounting documents for agoods movement are created simultaneouslyfor each inventory transaction.001001002002Line ItemsLine

32、ItemsHeaderHeaderMaterial documentMaterial document 490000757490000757QuantityQuantityDate 04/06Date 04/06MaterialMaterial10 liter10 liter25 each25 eachpaintpaintmirrormirrorPlantPlant3000300030003000001001002002003003Line ItemsLine ItemsHeaderHeaderAccounting documentAccounting document 5000642 500

33、0642AccountAccountDate 04/06Date 04/06DescriptionDescription300000300000300000300000191000191000inventoryinventoryinventoryinventoryliabilityliability$ $7575400400475475Material DocumentAndersen Consulting 200034The material document is a record of an inventory transaction showingthe date, quantity,

34、 material, plant, and other important data. Display Material Document: OverviewAndersen Consulting 200035By clicking the Follow-on documents buttonfrom the material document, a list of accountingdocuments is displayed for the goodsmovement. You can easily access any of theaccounting documents by dou

35、ble-clicking onthat document type. Display Material Document: OverviewAndersen Consulting 200036The accounting document shows the G/L effect of each material transaction.In this example, a goods receipt was made for a standard price material.Inventory, accrued payables, and the price variance accoun

36、t were updated.Display Document OverviewAndersen Consulting 200037Set delivery completed indicatorPurchase orderIn the purchase orderat time of goods receiptAndersen Consulting 200038Purchase order quantity 100Underdelivery tolerance 10%Overdelivery tolerance 20%708090100110120130140Underdeliverywar

37、ningOverdeliveryerror messageNo messagewithin thetolerance rangeAndersen Consulting 200039Quantity delivered:100 pcsOrder price quantity:Goods receiptPO quantity:100 pcsOrder price quantity:400 kg400 kgPurchaseorderVariance10%Possiblereactions:Dependent on B1 and B2 messages (Customizing)No messageW

38、arning plus mail messageError messageAndersen Consulting 200040Not OK:Warning orError messageWarehouseExpiration dateOKMaterialABBCBA AMaterialMaterialPurchaseOrderPos. 1Mat. ABCMinimumremainingshelf lifeMin. remainingshelf lifeAndersen Consulting 200041ToChoc Co.Purchase order:Santas, 100 PC50gLate

39、st GR date: Dec. 6Posting date:Dec. 10Choco Co. Posting date:Dec. 5Warning or error messageokWEAndersen Consulting 200042ToMiller Co.Purchase orderGoods receiptDelivery costs:Freight vendorSmith & Co.WarehouseStorage locationSmith & _Co.Andersen Consulting 200043In goods receipts you can det

40、ermine special features such as “delivery completed” indicator, tolerances, units of entry, material shelf life and subsequent entry of freight vendor.Andersen Consulting 200044Now its time for you to do: IM02 - Exercise 0230 minutesAndersen Consulting 200045 Topic One: Introduction to Inventory Man

41、agement Topic Two: Goods Receipt Topic Three: Reservations Topic Four: Goods Issue Topic Five: Stock Transfer/Transfer Posting Reporting and AnalysisScheduleScheduleAndersen Consulting 200046ReservationsReservationsReservationPlanning a goods movementPlanning an inwardmovementPlanningan outwardmovem

42、entPlanninga transferpostingMRP controllersWarehouse clerkPlant, storage locationAndersen Consulting 200047ReservationsReservationsBase dateCheck calendarMaterialPlant/storage location/batchRequirement dateMovements allowedR HeaderItemItemItemAcct. assignmentMaterialABBCBAndersen Consulting 200048Cr

43、eating ReservationsCreating ReservationsWith referenceWithout referenceIndividual entryCollective entryWith a new base dateOther account assignments possible with the same movement typeXXXXXXXXXXXAndersen Consulting 200049Dynamic Availability CheckDynamic Availability Check30 pcsRes.30 pcsRes.30 pcs

44、OK80 pcs 50StResPurch. order.80 pcsRes.OKWE(2.1)(2.2)(2.3)(2.4)d (days)Today100 pcs.11 12 2Andersen Consulting 200050Now its time for you to do: IM02 - Exercise 0330 minutesAndersen Consulting 200051 Topic One: Introduction to Inventory Management Topic Two: Goods Receipt Topic Three: Reservations T

45、opic Four: Goods Issue Topic Five: Stock Transfer/Transfer Posting Reporting and AnalysisScheduleScheduleAndersen Consulting 200052Goods IssuesGoods IssuesGoods issueFrom warehouseFrom consigmt. storesConsumptionSamplingScrappingIssueCost centerAssetSalesOrderAndersen Consulting 200053Goods issueMat

46、erial documentAccounting documentG/L accounts:Stock accountConsumption account.Stock quantityConsumption statistics.Point of consumption :Cost centerOrder.Andersen Consulting 200054Goods Issue with Change of Movement TypeGoods Issue with Change of Movement TypeEnter goods issue: OverviewItem QtyMvT1

47、 10 Mat12012 50 Mat21000/0001241MvT241MaterialMat 2Quantity505,-Installation1000Enter goods issueMvmt.type 201Cost center 1000ItemMat1Mat 1Quantity10PC ContinueMaintain default values241Movement typeSpecial stockNew itemsNew items1000Plant0001Storage locationGoods IssueEditGotoValuation.New itemsNew

48、 itemDefault valuesAndersen Consulting 200055Without referenceWith referenceSingle entryCollective entryTo production orderTo sales orderAndersen Consulting 200056Direct entryMaterial searchAccount assignment searchXXXXXXXXXXX. to reservationWith reference .Andersen Consulting 200057Individual entry

49、Collective entryStorage location/batch*XXXXXXXXXXXAndersen Consulting 200058 Goods issues include consumption and issue. They can be entered with or without a reference document.Andersen Consulting 200059Now its time for you to do:IM02 - Exercise 0440 minutesAndersen Consulting 200060 Topic One: Int

50、roduction to Inventory Management Topic Two: Goods Receipt Topic Three: Reservations Topic Four: Goods Issue Topic Five: Stock Transfer/Transfer Posting Reporting and AnalysisScheduleScheduleAndersen Consulting 200061Physical Transfer / Stock TransferLogical Transfer / Transfer PostingStorage locati

51、on 0001Storage location 0002Unrestricted useBlocked stocklogical movementphysical movementAndersen Consulting 20006200100010002Company code00100010002Company codePlant 0001Plant 0002Stor. loc. 0001Stor. loc. 0002Andersen Consulting 200063Unrestricted-usestockUnrestricted-usestockStock in transferSto

52、rage location 0001Storage location 00022 - Step1 - StepAndersen Consulting 200064RUnrestricted-usestockUnrestricted-usestockIn stock transferPlant 0001Plant 0002Andersen Consulting 200065MaterialMaterialNew wineOld wine19941996Andersen Consulting 200066ReceiptsStock in quality inspectionUnrestricted

53、- use stockBlocked stockWithdrawals to ConsumptionScrapping/samplingQSAndersen Consulting 200067In material master record:10 pcs per palletGR: 30 pcsPrint 3 GR slipsGR slipGR slipGR slipGR slipGR slipGR slipAndersen Consulting 200068 Stock transfers are physical goods movements. They can be effected

54、 in a one-step or two-step procedure. Transfer postings do not involve a physical goods movement as a rule. Changes include the stock type or material number, for instance.Andersen Consulting 200069Now its time for you to do:IM02 - Exercise 0545 minutesAndersen Consulting 200070 Topic One: Introduction to Inventory Management Topic Two: Goods Receipt Topic Three: Reservations Topic Four: Goods Issue Topic Five: Stock Transfer/Transfer Posting