浙江大学英语课件9

1、Unit NineIn trials, volunteer drivers subjected to loud music said that, although they didnt necessarily feel inclined to drive faster, they did find themselves making faster gear changes, accelerating more quickly and braking more abruptly. 本句的主要结构是本句的主要结构是volunteer drivers said that ；In trials是全句的

2、状语；是全句的状语；subjected to loud music为分词短语作定语修饰为分词短语作定语修饰volunteer drivers；that, they did not find abruptly. 是是said的宾的宾语从句。这个宾语是一个由语从句。这个宾语是一个由although引导的复合引导的复合句，其中主句中句，其中主句中did为强调动词，强调为强调动词，强调find themselves making 。making accelerating and braking三个分词三个分词短语并列作宾语补足语。短语并列作宾语补足语。subjectto & be subjec

3、t tosubject (sb or sth) to 是动词词组是动词词组, ,意思是意思是“使某人或某事物经历使某人或某事物经历或遭受不愉快的事或遭受不愉快的事”be subject to 是形容词词组，意思是是形容词词组，意思是“倾向于某事物；取倾向于某事物；取决于某事物决于某事物”她说：她说：“我不想让他我不想让他遭受遭受长途旅行的长途旅行的痛苦痛苦。”subject to每一位被接见的人都每一位被接见的人都受到了受到了不公正的不公正的待遇待遇。had been subjected to 该基金该基金必须得到必须得到教育部的教育部的批准批准。请用请用subjectto 或或 be sub

4、ject to 填空。填空。The treaty is _ ratification.(条约要批准才能生效条约要批准才能生效)I didnt want to _ him _ troubles.(我们不想麻烦他我们不想麻烦他)subjectsubject to Trains _ delays after the heavy snowfalls. (一下大雪火车就往往误点。一下大雪火车就往往误点。)are subject to tofeel inclined to do sth. : : 感到想做感到想做What he said made me feel inclined to think tha

5、t he will agree to our plan.他的话他的话使我觉得使我觉得他会同意我们的计划的。他会同意我们的计划的。 In trials, volunteer drivers subjected to loud music said that, although they didnt necessarily feel inclined to drive faster, they did find themselves making faster gear changes, accelerating more quickly and braking more abruptly. 在试

6、验中，那些在试验中，那些自愿参加实验的司机自愿参加实验的司机说，说，听了声音很响的音乐听了声音很响的音乐，他们说尽管他们不一定，他们说尽管他们不一定感到非要感到非要开快车，但的确发现自己换档更快，开快车，但的确发现自己换档更快，加速更快，刹车也更急了。加速更快，刹车也更急了。The comments/study results/figures are very revealing. 评论评论/ /研究结果研究结果/ /数据是很有说服力的。数据是很有说服力的。我私下同她交谈时，发现她的我私下同她交谈时，发现她的一些评论非常说明问题一些评论非常说明问题。报告中使用了报告中使用了一些新数据一些新数据

7、说明去年汽车犯罪急剧说明去年汽车犯罪急剧增加，增加，这些数据是很有说服力的这些数据是很有说服力的。关于吸烟与老年痴呆症危害的关于吸烟与老年痴呆症危害的研究发现不是很有研究发现不是很有说服力说服力。 这些自愿参试的司机这些自愿参试的司机（有些刚刚拿到驾驶执照）（有些刚刚拿到驾驶执照）所发表的意见非常说明问所发表的意见非常说明问题。题。as well as = besides (conj.) 除除 之外；既之外；既,又又 节省能源节省能源不但不但有利于环境，有利于环境，还能还能减少你的燃料减少你的燃料支出。支出。她她不但是不但是个摄影师个摄影师还是还是个个天才音乐家。天才音乐家。为了准备好迎接新的

8、挑战，他必须根据经验为了准备好迎接新的挑战，他必须根据经验以及以及事实做出决定。事实做出决定。 除了除了一些音乐会影响行驶安全，一些音乐会影响行驶安全，我们的车里安装了高技术的音响系统我们的车里安装了高技术的音响系统这件事本身这件事本身也是也是引起车祸的根源。引起车祸的根源。 if music be the food of love中的谓语是动词中的谓语是动词be的虚拟式的虚拟式。常在常在if, whether, whatever, lest等词引导的从等词引导的从句中使用句中使用, should省略。省略。任何人如果任何人如果被被发现有罪发现有罪, 就会受到惩罚。就会受到惩罚。不管不管是是白

9、人还是黑人，人人生而平等。白人还是黑人，人人生而平等。不管她不管她是是对还是错，我都坚决支持她。对还是错，我都坚决支持她。不管原因不管原因是是什么，他都拒绝去。什么，他都拒绝去。 因此千万要记住：即便音乐因此千万要记住：即便音乐是是爱的食物，爱的食物，你也要悠着点，尤其是在你开车的时候，这样你也要悠着点，尤其是在你开车的时候，这样我们大家才可以继续我们大家才可以继续“播放播放”下去。下去。 soothe (v.) (Line1, Para1) 1) make less angry or anxious; comfort or calm 使平静；使镇使平静；使镇 静；安慰静；安慰 2) ( +

10、with) make less painful 缓和（疼痛）；减轻（痛苦）缓和（疼痛）；减轻（痛苦）soothing (a.) (Line7, Para2)Some people _ their nerves with music (用用音乐舒缓神经音乐舒缓神经). But _ words (安慰的话安慰的话) work best to me. This _ medicine (止痛药止痛药) will efficiently _ (减轻喉咙痛苦减轻喉咙痛苦).soothesoothing 请用请用 soothe 或或 soothing 填空。填空。commission (Line 10, P

11、ara. 3) (v.) formally ask someone to do a piece of work 委托委托 (n.) 1) 委员会，调查团，考察团委员会，调查团，考察团 2) 佣金，回扣佣金，回扣 3) 授权，委托；所授之权，授权，委托；所授之权， 所托之事所托之事Rowan was commissioned to send the message to Garcia.罗文罗文受托受托将这封信交给加西亚。将这封信交给加西亚。 The commission for painting a picture of the President was given to a well-kno

12、wn artist.给总统画像的给总统画像的事项事项已经委托给了一位著名画家。已经委托给了一位著名画家。He receives a commission of 10 per cent on sales, as well as a salary.他按销售数量收取百分之十的他按销售数量收取百分之十的佣金佣金，另外还有一份薪水。另外还有一份薪水。 Recently, a commission on education was sent to America.最近，一支最近，一支教育考察团教育考察团被派往美国考察。被派往美国考察。 be apt to do sth. (Line 18, Para. 4

13、) habitually liable, customarily disposed, likely, prone to do something 易于做某事易于做某事她她爱爱赶时髦。赶时髦。当你把人置于那种愤怒状态时，当你把人置于那种愤怒状态时，很容易很容易出麻烦。出麻烦。When you get men into that state of anger, there is apt to be trouble coming.apt 指人的机体或精神上的固有的或习惯的倾指人的机体或精神上的固有的或习惯的倾 向等。向等。比较比较 apt, liable, likely 和和 proneliable

14、 指易于产生某种对主语不利的后果，如风指易于产生某种对主语不利的后果，如风 险、危险、伤害、惩罚等。险、危险、伤害、惩罚等。likely 常用词。强调客观上的可能性，用于指将常用词。强调客观上的可能性，用于指将 来。来。prone 指有某种弱点、错误或不良行为的倾向。指有某种弱点、错误或不良行为的倾向。请用请用 apt, , liable, , likely 或或 prone填空。填空。We are driving across an accident-_ zone.Mr. Green is _ to marry this year.likelyproneIn winter, an old m

15、an is _ to catch cold.liableA careless person is _ to make mistakes.aptgovern (v.) (Line 19, Para. 4) 1) rule (a country, city, etc.) 统治；管理统治；管理 2) control or determine 管理；支配管理；支配派生词：派生词：government governmental anti-governmental governor 不要不要被被别人的话别人的话所左右所左右。一位民主的校长一位民主的校长管理管理着这所学校。着这所学校。Dont be gov

16、erned by what others say. be inclined to do (Line 23, Para. 5) 1) encouraged; feeling a wish to do 赞成赞成的；愿意的的；愿意的 2) likely; tending to 易于；倾向于易于；倾向于请根据提示完成下面的对话。请根据提示完成下面的对话。He _ to take Internet-writing as his career. 他他很想很想以网络写作为自己的事业。以网络写作为自己的事业。is much inclined I _ accept their invitation. 我我倾向于

17、倾向于接受他们的邀请。接受他们的邀请。am inclined to wander (v.) (Line 26, Para. 5) 1) go from place to place 漫游；漫漫游；漫 步；徘徊步；徘徊 2) leave the right path or direction 迷失迷失 3) ( + from / off) be absent-minded; allow the thoughts to go from subject to subject 心不在焉；心不在焉； 胡思乱想胡思乱想他眼睛在看书，他眼睛在看书，脑子却在胡思乱想脑子却在胡思乱想。His eyes were

18、 reading books while his mind was wandering.周游欧洲周游欧洲，他回想起了他曾住过的，他回想起了他曾住过的小村庄。小村庄。Please dont wander from the subject.请别请别偏离正题偏离正题。overtake (v.) (Line 34, Para. 7) 1) come or catch up with 赶上；追上；超越赶上；追上；超越 2) (of storms or troubles) come upon (sb.) suddenly, by surprise （风暴、麻烦）突然降临（风暴、麻烦）突然降临在过去的五年里

19、，中国的经济增长速度在过去的五年里，中国的经济增长速度超过了超过了许多许多发达国家。发达国家。In the past five years, Chinas economic growth rate overtook that of many developed countries.He was overtaken by misfortune overnight.一夜之间厄运突然一夜之间厄运突然降临降临到他头上。到他头上。同同 undertake 比较：比较：1) agree to do sth. 承担；承揽；答应承担；承揽；答应2) start (a piece of work) 着手；开始一

20、项工作着手；开始一项工作3) affirm; promise 确定；许诺；担保确定；许诺；担保请用请用overtake 或或undertake填空并注明中文解释。填空并注明中文解释。Who will _ the leadership of the team?undertake Exports have already _ last years figure.overtakenHe was _ by/with fear.overtaken 为为所压倒所压倒They couldnt _ that they will make a profit.undertake induce (v.) (Line

21、 39, Para. 9) 1) bring about; cause 产生；造成产生；造成 2) make someone decide to do something 引诱；诱导引诱；诱导过度地打网络游戏，过度地打网络游戏，使使他视力下降。他视力下降。Overplaying the net games induced his poor eyesight.Little children are very likely to lie because they are strongly induced by tasty food.小孩子极易因美食的小孩子极易因美食的诱惑诱惑而撒谎。而撒谎。请用形

22、近词请用形近词induce, , deduce或或 reduce填空。填空。Bitter life has _ his mother into a skinny white-haired old woman.reduceddeduced(欲望欲望)induced 引诱引诱distract (Line 46, Para. 10) (v.)( + from) draw away sbs attention from sth. 使分心；注意力分散使分心；注意力分散 (adj.) -ed (with/by) with the mind confused or bewildered 心情纷乱的；心情纷乱

23、的； 困惑的困惑的语境模拟练习语境模拟练习Place: Teachers officeSpeakers: Teacher (T) and Student (S) with problems in concentration语境模拟练习语境模拟练习T: Hi, boy, it seems that you are not doing well these days.S: Yeah, I am easy to _ my study.T: There must be reasons.S: You know, I _ rather _ choices. My family cannot support

24、 my future study herebe distracted from amdistracted with tract = 拉，抽拉，抽abstract (adj.) 抽象的抽象的 (n.) 摘要摘要attract (v.) 吸引吸引 contract (n.)合同合同(v.)签订合同签订合同extract(v.) 取出；摘录取出；摘录 subtract (v.)减，减去减，减去 hazard (Line 68, Para. 14) (v.) ( + by/for/in/on) take the risk of; expose to danger 冒冒之险；使遭之险；使遭 受危险受危险

25、 (n.) (C) risk; danger 冒险；危险冒险；危险攀岩者有时会攀岩者有时会冒着生命的危险冒着生命的危险在攀岩。在攀岩。不要不要冒着败坏自己名声的危险冒着败坏自己名声的危险去帮别人在考试中作弊。去帮别人在考试中作弊。Dont _ by helping others cheat in exams.hazard their liveshazard your reputation 吸烟是吸烟是健康上的冒险健康上的冒险。a health hazard请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。danger 是最普通用语。泛指面临的一切危险、危是最普通用语。泛指面临的一切危险、危 害、威胁。害、威

26、胁。常见搭配：常见搭配：in danger (在危险中在危险中) out of danger (脱离危险脱离危险) free from danger (没有危险没有危险)比较比较 danger, risk 和和 hazardrisk 指可能发生但又难以预料的危险，也常用来表示指可能发生但又难以预料的危险，也常用来表示 生意活动中可能遇到的风险。生意活动中可能遇到的风险。常见搭配：常见搭配：at risk (有危险有危险) at all risk (无论如何无论如何) to run/take a risk (冒险冒险)hazard 指由于偶然的情况引起的危险或危害。指由于偶然的情况引起的危险或危

27、害。请用请用 danger, , risk 或或 hazard 填空。填空。He is in _ of losing all his money if he continues to spend money that way.danger riskhazard Music may soothe the savage breast.the accident-prone age bracketWhen you are at the wheel / on the move, .音乐能使胸中的怒气平息。音乐能使胸中的怒气平息。最易出车祸的年龄段最易出车祸的年龄段当你开车时，当你开车时，。to sing

28、 at the top of ones voice扯着嗓门唱歌扯着嗓门唱歌I got lost in my own thoughts.The greatest danger is fatigue at the wheel.我陷入了深思。我陷入了深思。最大的危险是疲倦驾驶。最大的危险是疲倦驾驶。The accident was caused by the driver taking his eyes off the road to change a cassette.这起车祸是由于司机更换磁带没看道路所引起的。这起车祸是由于司机更换磁带没看道路所引起的。When a collision is p

29、ossible, .一旦面临撞车危险一旦面临撞车危险, 。Part Two: In-Class Reading Post-ReadingPost-ReadingPost-ReadingComplete the SentencesComplete the SentencesMultiple Choice Multiple Choice TranslationTranslationPart Two: In-Class Reading Post-ReadingComplete the SentencesDirections: Complete each of the following senten

30、ces by choosing an appropriate word from the box. Change the form if necessary. 1. The government plans to cut taxes in order to _ the economy. 2. I hope Marys new stereo wont _ her from her studies.3. To _ as a doctor you have to study a long time and pass exams.4. Pills for seasickness often _ dro

31、wsiness.soothe overtake qualify combine commission wander distract accelerate induce stimulate stimulatedistractqualify/be qualifiedinduce5. They use special chemical substances to _ the growth of crops. 6. It was difficult to _ her because she was very frightened after the attack. 7. I found myself

32、 behind a gigantic truck that had _ us. 8. When she was alone, she would let her mind _. 9. Im looking for a job in which I can _ the different aspects of my experience so far.10. The Ministry of Agriculture _ a study on low-input farming.acceleratesootheovertakenwandercombinecommissionedPart Two: I

33、n-Class Reading Post-ReadingPart Two: In-Class Reading Post-ReadingMultiple Choice 1. His skin cancer was _ by being exposed to the scorching sun excessively.brought off B. brought up C. brought on D. brought forth2. The military talks _ reducing the number of missiles. A. resulted from B. resulted

34、of C. resulted to D. resulted in Directions: Choose the best answer to complete each statement.3. A good manager should _ the health and happiness of his employees. be concerned with B. concern in C. be concerning about D. concern for4. Some of the staff _ late on Mondays. is apt to be B. are apt to

35、 being C. are apt to be D. is apt to being 5. All our finished products _ rigorous testing. are subjected to B. subject to A. C. are subjecting to D. are subjective to Part Two: In-Class Reading Post-Reading6. Arthur has some strange ideas, but on this occasion Im _ to agree with him. incline B. inc

36、lining C. inclined D. to incline 7. The current advice to pregnant women is to _ alcohol. cut up B. cut in C. cut out D. cut back8. She sat rooted there for some time, completely lost _ thought. A. in B. on C. by D. at Part Two: In-Class Reading Post-ReadingPart Two: In-Class Reading Post-ReadingTra

37、nslation1) 我趁今天天气好打网球去了。我趁今天天气好打网球去了。（take advantage of） I took advantage of the fine weather today to play tennis. 2) 甚至可以在湖里游泳甚至可以在湖里游泳如果你想去的话如果你想去的话 （feel inclined to） You may even swim in the lakeif you feel inclined to.3) 巨大的音乐声使他又感到一阵头痛。巨大的音乐声使他又感到一阵头痛。（bring on） The loud music brought on anot

38、her one of his headaches. 4) 粗心的人易犯错误。粗心的人易犯错误。 （be apt to） A careless person is apt to make mistakes. Directions: Translate the following sentences into English using the expressions in brackets. 5) 这项实验发现了一种治疗癌症的方法。这项实验发现了一种治疗癌症的方法。(result in) The experiment resulted in the discovery of a cure for

39、 cancer. 6) 相比而言，我们更关心工作效率和产品开发。相比而言，我们更关心工作效率和产品开发。（be concerned with） Comparatively speaking, we are more concerned with work efficiency and product development. 7) 医生说手术会引起心脏病发作。医生说手术会引起心脏病发作。（induce） Doctors said that surgery could induce heart attack. 8) 30年前我从伦敦大学获得医生资格。年前我从伦敦大学获得医生资格。(qualify

40、) I qualified/was qualified as a doctor at London University 30 years ago. Part Two: In-Class Reading Post-ReadingEnd of In-class ReadingEnd of In-class ReadingPart ThreeFurther Development1. Enriching Your Word Power 1. Enriching Your Word Power 2. 2. Music and You Music and You 3. 3. Trying to Be

41、a SongwriterTrying to Be a Songwriter 4. Trying to Translate Lyrics 4. Trying to Translate Lyrics Part Three: Further Development Enriching Your Word Power Enriching Your Word Power Directions: A word has different meanings in different contexts. Choose the sentence in which the underlined word has

42、the same meaning as the one from the reading passage. Refer to the “Explanations of the Underlined Words” at the end of this exercise when you make your choice. 1) but it can also damage your health when you are at the wheel. A. She wheeled her bicycle into the garage. B. I dont have wheels, so I ne

43、ed a lift. C. Do you think you could take the wheel for a couple of hours? A. move something by pushing along B. a car or van, used in informal English C. the steering wheelPart Three: Further Development Enriching Your Word Power 2) Heavy metal, with its strong beat, leads to aggressive drivingA. M

44、y heart missed a beat when she said, “yes, Ill marry you.”B. He tapped his foot to the beat of the music.C. France beat Brazil in the football match. A. one of a series of regular movements or hitting actions B. the main rhythm of a piece of music C. defeat someone in a game, race, competition, etc.

45、 Part Three: Further Development Enriching Your Word Power 3) In trials, volunteer drivers subjected to loud music A. Putting people in jail without a trial is not democratic. B. Weve completed a number of fairly successful trials with laboratory animals. C. If you want the job, Im going to give you

46、 a trial period. A. a formal legal process in which a judge and often a jury decide whether someone is guilty of a particular crime B. an experiment in which you test something by using it or doing it for a short time to see how well it works C. a test of whether someone is suitable for a particular

47、 job by letting them do it for a short time. Part Three: Further Development Enriching Your Word Power 4) The fast rock track out of Beat Out of Hell A. Bruce Springsteen is an American rock star. B. The storm forced the ship onto the rocks. C. The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world. A. a ty

48、pe of popular modern music with a strong loud beat, played using guitars and drums B. the hard substance that forms the main surface of the Earth C. make it move slowly and regularly backwards and forwards or from side to sidePart Three: Further Development Enriching Your Word Power 5) who had been listening to ZZ Tops greatest hits A. Their unique song-writing talents gave the Beatles a string of number one hits throughout the sixties. B. She gave him a hit on the head, which knocked