英语专业四级语法专题(情态动词)

1、2021/8/61情态动词2021/8/62lI. “neednt完成时态”结构ldidnt need + 不定式一般式：动作还未发生lneednt 不定式完成式：动作已经发生lYou _ Jim anything about it. It was none of his business.lA. neednt have told B. neednt telllC. mustnt have told D. mustnt tell2021/8/63表示推测表示推测情态动词的重要用法情态动词的重要用法. .肯定的推测肯定的推测可能的推测可能的推测否定的推测否定的推测疑问的推测疑问的推测 must/

2、should 对将来对将来 对现在对现在 对过去对过去情态动词情态动词may, might cant, couldntcan, could + V + V + have done/常见常见must be must be doing have been doing + V. + V. + have done + be doing /have been doing 可以用可以用not表示表示“可能不可能不” +V. + V . + have done + be doing / have been doing + V. + V. + have done + be doing2021/8/64lII.

3、 “can/ could +不定式完成式”l表示对过去发生事情的推测（可用于肯定句、否定句、一般疑问句）；表示过去某种动作可能发生，但是由于某种原因而没有做到的事情。lWe could _ him with a detached house when he came, but he had specifically asked for a small flat.lA. provide B. have provided lC. not provide D. not have provided2021/8/65lIII. “may / might / must + 不定式完成式”l表示对过去事物的

4、怀疑和推测（可用于肯定句）lShe _ fifty or so when I first met her at a conference.lA. had been B. must be lC. has been D. must have been2021/8/66l在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义在反意疑问句中，当附属部分含有表示推测意义的的mustmust时，疑问部分的时，疑问部分的助动词应与助动词应与mustmust后面的动词后面的动词在非推测情况下的用法在非推测情况下的用法保持一致保持一致。 lHe must He must be be a worker, _ he? a wo

5、rker, _ he? lYou must You must have learnedhave learned English for many years, English for many years, _ you? _ you? lIt must It must have rainedhave rained last nightlast night, _ it? , _ it? lHe He mustmust have arrived have arrived by yesterday morning, by yesterday morning, _? ?isnthaventdidnth

6、adnt he2021/8/67lIV. “mustnt + 动词不定式一般式”l表示“不允许”，是说话人强有力的劝告或命令lMust I hand it next week? No, you_ ? A. mustnt B. cant C. wont D. neednt2021/8/68lV. could V.S. was/ were able toV. could V.S. was/ were able tolwas/ were able towas/ were able to表示过去有能力并且成功表示过去有能力并且成功地做了某事地做了某事; could; could表示过去一般的能力，表示

7、过去一般的能力， 但不表示做或未做某事但不表示做或未做某事. .lThe fire spread through the hotel quickly but everyone _ get out. lA. had to B. would lC. could D. was able to 2021/8/69lVI. could / might / would could / might / would 表委婉表委婉lMight I watch TV after super? Yes, you _. lA. may B. could C. would D. mightlCould / Might

8、I use your bike tomorrow morning?Could / Might I use your bike tomorrow morning?l- Yes, you can /may.- Yes, you can /may.l( (否定否定: No, Im afraid not): No, Im afraid not)2021/8/610lThe sentence that expresses OFFER islA. Ill get some drink. Whatll you have?lB. Does she need to book a ticket now?lC. M

9、ay I know you name?lD. Can you return the book next week?2021/8/611l祈使句+反意疑问句lWhen you have finished with the book, dont forget to return it to Tim, _?lA. do you B. will you lC. dont you D. wont you2021/8/612VIII.可兼做行为动词的情态动词：可兼做行为动词的情态动词：need 、 dare 情态动词 (+动词原形)行为动词 .needdare 1.1.无人称和数的变化无人称和数的变化; 2.2.尤其用于：尤其用于：* *否定句及疑问句中否定句及疑问句中; ;* *在在if/whetherif/whether之后之后; ;* *或与或与hardlyhardly, , nevernever, , no oneno one, , nobodynobody连用连用; ; 3. 3.常以常以neednneedn