产业组织之完全竞争

1、1会计学产业组织之完全竞争产业组织之完全竞争价格产量产量价格产量总收益平均收益=)(= =对于完全竞争厂商边际收益 就等于商品的价格.Quantity(Q)Price(P)Total Revenue(TR=PxQ)Average Revenue(AR=TR/Q)Marginal Revenue(MR= )1$6.00$6.00$6.002$6.00$12.00$6.00$6.003$6.00$18.00$6.00$6.004$6.00$24.00$6.00$6.005$6.00$30.00$6.00$6.006$6.00$36.00$6.00$6.007$6.00$42.00$6.00$6.0

2、08$6.00$48.00$6.00$6.00QTR /Price(P)Quantity(Q)Total Revenue(TR=PxQ)Total Cost(TC)Profit(TR-TC)Marginal Revenue(MR= )Marginal CostMC=0$0.00$3.00-$3.00$6.001$6.00$5.00$1.00$6.00$2.00$6.002$12.00$8.00$4.00$6.00$3.00$6.003$18.00$12.00$6.00$6.00$4.00$6.004$24.00$17.00$7.00$6.00$5.00$6.005$30.00$23.00$7.

3、00$6.00$6.00$6.006$36.00$30.00$6.00$6.00$7.00$6.007$42.00$38.00$4.00$6.00$8.00$6.008$48.00$47.00$1.00$6.00$9.00QTR /QTC/ P = AR = MR P=MR1MC产量产量0成本成本与与 收益收益ATCAVCQMAX利润最大化的产量位于利润最大化的产量位于边际收益等于边际成本边际收益等于边际成本的地方的地方.MC1Q1MC2Q2.当当 MR MC 时增加时增加 Q当当 MR MC 时降低时降低 Q当当MR = MC 时时利润就最大化了利润就最大化了.Q0成本成本与与 收益收益MC

4、ATCAVCCopyright 2001 by Harcourt, Inc. All rights reservedQ1 P1 P2Q2这一段为厂商的这一段为厂商的 MC 曲线也是厂商的供给曲线也是厂商的供给曲线曲线. QATCAVC0 CMC如如 P AVC,则在则在 在短期内生产在短期内生产 如如 P ATC, 则利润为正则利润为正.厂商的短期供给曲线厂商的短期供给曲线. QMC = 长期长期 SATC0 C厂商进入厂商进入 如如P ATC厂商退出厂商退出如如 P ATC QMCATCAVC0 C长期供给曲线长期供给曲线利润利润Q 产量产量0 价格价格P = AR = MRATCMCPAT

5、C最大化的产量最大化的产量a,有利可图的厂商有利可图的厂商损失损失产量产量0价格价格P = AR = MRATCMCPQ损失最小化的产量损失最小化的产量ATCb. 亏本的厂商亏本的厂商价格产量产量价格产量总收益平均收益=)(= =Quantity(Q)Price(P)Total Revenue(TR=PxQ)Average Revenue(AR=TR/Q)Marginal Revenue(MR= )1$6.00$6.00$6.002$6.00$12.00$6.00$6.003$6.00$18.00$6.00$6.004$6.00$24.00$6.00$6.005$6.00$30.00$6.00

6、$6.006$6.00$36.00$6.00$6.007$6.00$42.00$6.00$6.008$6.00$48.00$6.00$6.00QTR /Price(P)Quantity(Q)Total Revenue(TR=PxQ)Total Cost(TC)Profit(TR-TC)Marginal Revenue(MR= )Marginal CostMC=0$0.00$3.00-$3.00$6.001$6.00$5.00$1.00$6.00$2.00$6.002$12.00$8.00$4.00$6.00$3.00$6.003$18.00$12.00$6.00$6.00$4.00$6.004$24.00$17.00$7.00$6.00$5.00$6.005$30.00$23.00$7.00$6.00$6.00$6.006$36.