【2019最新】精选高考英语词汇考查题型练Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修5

1、【2019 最新】精选高考英语词汇考查+题型练Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修5(精选)一、词汇复习（一）单句语法填空1(2015 ·安徽黄山第二次质检改编 ) I'm afraid I have to leave now, for you see, he is waiting for me. Well, ifyou _， atleastwait tillthe heavy rainstops.答案： must句意为：恐怕现在我不得不离开了，因为你知道，他在等我。 好的， 如果你非得走， 至少要等到大雨停了再走。根据语境可知填must，意为“偏要；非

2、得”。2(2014 ·陕西， 25 改编 )My book ，The House of Hades, ismissing.Who _ have taken it？答案： could句意为：我那本决战冥王圣殿不见了。谁会把它拿走了呢？由句意可知， 设空处表示说话者对过去发生事情的一种疑问的推测，故填could 。3(2015 ·天津，7 改编 )I_have worriedbefore I cameto the new school ，formy classmates here are very friendlytome.答案： needn'tneedn't

3、have done为情态动词中表虚拟的用法，意思为“本不必做某事却做了”。欢迎下载。4(2015 ·陕西， 21 改编 )You _feelallthe traininga waste of time ，but I'm a hundred percent sure later you'll be grateful you did it.答案： may情态动词 may表推测时，意为“或许，可能”。句意：你或许觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我敢百分百保证，你以后一定会感恩你这么做了。15(2015 ·福建， 27 改编) Sorry ，Mum！I failed

4、 the jobinterview again. Oh，it's too bad.You _ have made full preparations.答案： shouldshould have done “本应该干某事而事实上没干”。由 failed可知“我”没做好充分的准备，因此用 should havedone。（二）英汉互译1.characteristic n. _2.radium n. _3.painter n. _4.put forward _5.scientific adj. _6.concludevt. & vi. _7.conclusion n. _8.draw

5、 a conclusion _9.analyse vt. _10. infect vt. _【2019最新】精选高考英语词汇考查题型练Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必 修11. infections adj. _12. cholera n. _13.defeat vt. n . _14.expert adj. n_15.attend vt. _16.physician n. _17.expose vt. _18.expose to _19.deadly adj. _20.cure n. vt. _21.outbreak n. _22.challenge n. vt. _

6、23.victim n. _24.absorb vt. _25.suspect vt. n. _26.enquiry n. _27.neighbourhood n. _28.severe adj. _29.clue adj. _30.pump n. vt. _32.foresee vt. _33.investigate vt. & vi. _3/123/1234. investigation n. _35.blame vt. n_36.pollute vt. _37.handle n. vt _38.germ n. _39.link vt. & n. _40.linkto_41

7、.announce vt. _42.certainty n. _43.instruct vt. _44.responsible adj. _45.construct vt. _46.construction n. _47.contribute vt. & vi. _48.apart from _49.firework n. _50.chart n. _51.creative adj. _52.co-operative adj. _53.positive adj. _54.bestrict with_56.revolutionary adj. _【2019最新】精选高考英语词汇考查题型练

8、Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修57.movement n. _58.make sense _59.backward adv. & adj. _60. loop n. _61. privately adv. _62.spin vi. & vt_63. brightness n. _64.enthusiastic adj. _65.cautious adj. _66.reject vt. _67.universe n. _二、阅读理解AVinegar makes salad, fries and dumplings taste better, and y

9、ou can even use it to clean your windows. And now, accordingto scientists, it may even the planet climate change.s population surviveIt s hoped that this simple method of survival could soonbe used to help farmers in dry countries keep their crops "In the experiment, we targeted the staple food

10、s of thealive.worldrice, wheat and maizeand the basic plant of breeding5/125/12species, rapeseed （油菜籽） ," Jong Myong Kim, co-author of the study, told Popular Science magazine.1.What is the article mainly about?A. The worlds food supply will be increased.B. Plants better survive droughts.C. The

11、 Arabidopsis is resistant to droughts.D. Vinegar could be used to fight droughts.2.It was discovered that acetate can.A. be used by farmers to replace soilB. only be producedby the ArabidopsisC. help plants survive dry conditions D. be used to improve poor soil3.What are the target plants of the exp

12、eriment?A. all breeding species. B. wheat and Arabidopisis.C. rice and maize.D. rapeseed andArabidopisis.4.Jong Myong Kims experimentof tryingout the method.A. can make peoples trips pleasantB. turned out a worldwide successC. is as simple as pouring vinegar over the plants【2019最新】精选高考英语词汇考查题型练Unit1

13、GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修【文章大意】本文属于科普类文章。醋不仅使食物味道更好，还可以用它来清洁你的窗户。研究发现醋中生长的植物，使它们更耐干旱。1.D【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知本文主要讲述了醋能让植物在干旱的环境中生存，即能抗击干旱，故选D。3.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Inthe experiment,wetargeted the staple foods of the worldrice, wheat andmaizeand the basic plant of breeding species,rapeseed, ”可知在实验中，主要针对大米，小

14、麦和玉米等。故选 C。B“Hungary？” I looked at my school headmasterinconfusion.“I never mentioned wanting to go to Hungary.”Andwith that，my adventure started.My name is Jonathan Diamond and I just finished an amazing school exchange year in Hungary.Going on an exchange had always been my dream.When my highschoo

15、l offered an all - year program ，I jumped at the opportunity.It would pay for almost everything and all I hadto do was buy a plane ticket.Iknew where I wanted to go：Spain ，the country of dancers wearing flowing red dresses.So when I7/127/12heard that I was going to Hungary，I was pretty shocked.But I

16、decided to make the best of it ，since itwas，afterall ，a once- in - a- lifetime opportunity.Before I knew it，I was on theairplane ，leaving for Budapest Ferenc Liszt InternationalAirport，Hungary.I had difficulttimes when I almost gave up.Hungarian ishardest language on the planet.Cultural differenceso

17、ccasionallyembarrassed both my peers and me.I had to givetheupeating carrots ，my beautiful favorite ，for Hungarians think carrots are rubbish in their country.The change in thelandscape was amazing，lookingnothinglikeskyscrapers ，bullettrains，cars ，and people in tiny houses that I had beenaccustomed

18、to.Gradually，I fell in love with the relaxinglifestyle，the warm - hearted people，and getting home at 2：30 pm.at the latest from school.And I was sad to leave on my very last day.Having the host familywho took meas one of theirown memberswas the best thing Ive ever experienced.From my littlesisters，I

19、 learned how to embrace life to its fullest.From mybrothers I learned that it【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述作者作为一个交换生在国外学习的经历和感受。【2019最新】精选高考英语词汇考查题型练Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修1How did Jonathan feelwhen he was toldto go to Hungary?AExcited and satisfied.BConfused and shocked.CAmazed and embarrassed.DDelighted

20、and interested.B解析：细节理解题。根据首段中的“I looked at my schoolheadmaster in confusion.”可知，作者听到这个消息很迷惑，再结合第三段中的“ So when I heard that I was going to Hungary，Iwas pretty shocked.”可知，选项 B 正确。2Why did Jonathan still decide to go to Hungary insteadof Spain?AHe didn t like Spain.BHe wanted to learn Hungarian.CIt w

21、as a rare chance.DGoing to Hungary was much cheaper.C 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“ But I decided to makethe best of it，since itwas，afterall ，a once-in-a-lifetimeopportunity.”可知，作者决定充分利用这次机会，因为毕竟这是一次千载难逢的机会，所以选项C正确。 a rare chance“一次罕见的机会”。3What can we learn about Jonathan during his stay inHungary?9/129/12AHe f

22、ell in love with eating carrots.BHe couldn t wait to leave.CHe was surprised by the landscape.DHe quickly got used to the life there.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The change in thelandscape was amazing ”可知选项 C 正确。4According to Jonathan，the host familyBtaught him how to dance wellCtreated him as equally as a stu

23、dentDshowed him the good things of lifeD 解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者从寄宿家庭那里学到了很多人生哲学， 他们向作者展现了生活中美好的事情， 故选项 D正确。三、七选五Letter writing has been part of my life for as long as remember.It probably began with the little notes I would writeI canto my mother.My mother，also ，always insistedI writemy own thank- y

24、ou letters for Christmas and birthday presents. 2WhenI lefthome at 18 to trainas a doctorin London，I wouldwriteonce a week，and so would my mother.Occasionallymy fatherwould writeand itwas always a joy to receivehis long ，amusing【2019最新】精选高考英语词汇考查题型练Unit1GreatScientists含解析新人教版必修letters. 3Ofcourse ，we

25、 also made phone callsbut it isletters that I remember most.There were also letters from my boyfriends.In my youth Iseemed to attract people who had to work or study away at sometime and we were only able to stay in touch by letter. 4Ithefound that I could often express myself more easily in writing

26、 than by talking.APoor handwriting can spoil(破坏)your enjoyment of a letter.BWehad been corresponding(通信 )for29 years but had never met.CI am pleased that my children are carrying on the tradition.DItdidn'tmatterhow shortor untidytheywere as long as theywere letters.EBut insteadof harming the relationships，letterwriti