【2019最新】精选高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4语法填空和短文改错第2讲素能强化含答案

1、【2019 最新】精选高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错第 2 讲 素能强化含答案真题题组1(2017 ·全国)Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They arerequired _3. to process_ (process) the food that we eat，to recoverfrom injuryand for severalotherbodilyfunctions.When fat and salt _4. are removed_ (remove) from food，thefoo

2、d tastesas if itis missing something. As_5.a_ result ，people will eat more food to try to make up for that somethingmissing.Even _6. worse_ (bad) ，theamount of fastfoodthatpeople eat goes up. Fast food _7. is_ (be) full of fat andsalt ； by _8. eating_ (eat) more fast food people will getmore salt an

3、d fat than they need in their diet.Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce theurge to snack( 吃点心 ) between meals and willimprovethetasteof your food. However ，be _9. careful_ (care) not to go toextremes.Like anything ，it is possibleto have too muchofboth ，_10. which_ is not good for the

4、 health.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健康的影响。? 解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，欢迎下载。表示“作为一种抵御心脏病的方式” ，所以填 as，意为“作为”。? 解析：考查名词复数。 这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的“ some”及空后的“ such as overweight and heart disease ”可知，此处指不止一种副作用， 故用名词复数形式 effects 。?解析：考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth.为固定用法。? 解析：考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为一般现

5、在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又 fat and salt 是动词 remove 的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed 。?解析：考查冠词。 as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果” 。? 解析：考查比较级。短语 even worse 意为“更糟糕的是” ，表示意义的递进。故用 worse。? 解析：考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为fast food，故填 is 。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。介词 by 后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填 eating 。? 解析：考查形容词。此处为形容词作表语，

6、故填 careful “当心的”构成系表结构。10解析：考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which 。2(2016 ·全国)Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires，Asia s biggest【2019最新】精选高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错第讲素能强化含答案building，and fancy newhotels.But for touristslikeme，pandasare its top _1. attraction_ (attract).So

7、 itwas a great honour to be invitedbackstage at the not for profit Panda Base ， where ticket money helps pay forresearch ，I_2. was allowed_(allow)togetup closeto thesecute animals at the 600acre centre.From tomorrow ，IwillbetheirUK ambassador.Thetitlewillbe _3.officially_(official)giventome atacerem

8、onyinLondon.But myconnectionwithpandas goes back _4. to_ my days on a TV showin the mid 1980s， _5. when_ I was the first Western TVreporter_6.permitted_(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfrom starvationinthe wild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude_7.introducing_(introduce)Britishvisitorst

9、o the 120pluspandas atChengduand others at a research centre inthemisty mountains ofBifengxia.On my recentvisit，I held a livelythree montholdtwinthat had been rejected by _8. its_ (it) mother. The nurseryteam switches him every few _9. days_ (day) with his sisterso that while one is being bottlefed

10、， _10. the_ other iswith mumshe never suspects.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文， 讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事。? 解析：考查词性转换。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词its以及形容词 top 可知此处3/153/15应该填动词attract的名词形式attraction，意为“向往之地，有吸引力的事”。? 解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语 I 与动词allow之间存在被动关系，且前一句的“was”表明此处应用一般过去时，故填 was allowed 。? 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副

11、词，所以填officially。? 解析：考查介词。 go back to 是固定搭配，意为“追溯到” 。? 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作时间状语，故填关系副词 when。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知， permit 与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系， 故填过去分词 permitted 作后置定语， 相当于 that/who was permitted。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。动词 include 后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填 introducing 。? 解析：考查代词。由语境及后面的名词 mother 可知，此空应该填 it 的形容词

12、性物主代词 its 。? 解析：考查名词。由 few 修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填days。every few days是“每隔几天”的意思。10解析：考查冠词。这里考查的是one. . . the other. .这一固定搭配，意为“一个 另一个 ”。3(2017 ·浙江卷)Last October，while tending her garden in Mora，Sweden，Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small _1. carrots_【2019最新】精选高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错第讲素能强化含答案(c

13、arrot) and was about to throw them away. But something madeher look closer ， and she noticeda _2. shiny/shining_(shine)object.Yes，there beneath the leafytop of one tinycarrotwasher long lost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed _3. so_ loudly that her daughter camerunningfrom the house. “She thoughtI had

14、hurt_4. myself_(I) ，” says Pahlsson.Sixteenyears _5. earlier_(early)，Pahlsson had removedthe diamond ring _6. tocook_ (cook)a meal. When she wantedto put the ringback on later ，itwas gone. She suspected thatone of her three daughters then ten ，eight ，and six had pickeditup，but the girlssaid they had

15、nt.Pahlsson and her husband_7. searched_ (search) the kitchen，checking every corner，but turned up nothing.“I gave up hope of finding my ringagain ，” she says. She never replaced it.Pahlsson and her husband now think the ring probably got_8. swept_ (sweep) into a pile of kitchen rubbish and wasspread

16、 over the garden， _9. where_ it remained until thecarrot s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长) through it.For Pahlsson ，its return was _10. a_ wonder.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。 丢失多年的钻戒竟然在主人打理花园时不经意地出现了。这多么令人激动啊！?解析：考查名词复数。a handful of一把，几个，后接可数名词的复数形式。a handful of carrots几个胡萝卜。? 解析：考查词性转换之动词变为形容词。空格处修饰名词5/155/

17、15object ，故用形容词。 shine 的形容词形式为shiny 或 shining ，意为“闪闪发光的”。? 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知， so 与后面的 that 构成句型 so. . . that. . . ，意为“如此 以至于 ” 。so 修饰副词 loudly 。? 解析：考查反身代词。句意为“她原本以为我伤到了自己” 。? 解析：考查副词的比较级。 sixteen years earlier 意为“早在 16 年前”。? 解析：考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。 莉娜当时摘掉钻戒的目的是做饭，故用动词不定式表目的。? 解析：考查时态。该句中 but 后的 turned up

18、使用了过去式，search 是与之并列的谓语动词，故也应使用过去式。? 解析：考查 get done 结构。 get swept “被扫掉”。? 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，空格处所在的句子是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词the garden ，且从句缺少地点状语，故用where 引导该定语从句。10解析：考查冠词。a wonder一个奇迹。4(2015 ·全国)Yangshuo，ChinaIt was raining lightly when I _1. arrived_ (arrive) inYangshuo justbefore dawn. But I didn

19、t care.A few hours _2.before/earlier_，I d been at home in Hong Kong，with _3.its_ (it) choking smog. Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain.【2019最新】精选高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错第讲素能强化含答案I d skipped nearby Guilin， a dream place for touristsseeking the limestone mountain tops and dark water

20、s of the LiRiver _4. that/which_ are pictured by artists in so manyChinese _5. paintings_(painting).Instead ， I d headedstraight for Yangshuo. Forthose who flyto Guilin ，it s onlyan hour away _6. by_ car and offers all the scenery of thebetter known city.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。 文章主要讲述了作者到阳朔游玩的经历和感受。? 解析：句意：就

21、在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。? 解析：句意：几个小时前，我还在香港的家里。注意不可以用 ago。?解析：句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its 。? 解析：句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。考查定语从句。先行词为 Li River ，在从句中作主语。? 解析：句意：在如此多的绘画中。 painting 为可数名词， 注意用复数形式。? 解析：句意：乘汽车只需要 1 个小时。 by car 乘汽车。? 解析：句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。? 解析：句意：一项网站所进行的调查。 过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。? 解析：句意：定期为人们安排这里适

22、合旅行的地方。用副词修饰动词。10解析：句意：住在和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。7/157/15模拟题组1(2018 ·一模 )The Palace Museum，known as the ForbiddenCity ，is the _1.largest_(large)andmost well_2.reserved_(reserve)imperial( 皇帝的 ) residence in China today. It is divided intoan outer and an innercourtwitha rectangularshape,961meterslong fr

23、om northto southand 753 meters in_3. width_(wide)from east to west. It has a splendid history since the MingDynasty ，and it_4. was rebuilt_(rebuild)and repairedmanytimes in the past. I was so excited to visit it _5. with_ myfamilylastsummer vacation.Afterwe passed throughtheFrontGate，a lot of palace

24、s appeared. The tour guide told us therewere almost 8,700 rooms in the Palace Museum. During the MingDynasty ，construction began in 1406. _6. It_ took 14 yearsto buildtheForbiddenCity.Iwas _7.really_(real)surprised that the workers could build it so well _8. that_even todayit is notoutofstyle.I coul

25、dnotremember allthenames of the buildings ，but I took hundreds of beautiful _9.photos_ (photo) on the way. I think I will never forget the_10.amazing_ (amaze) tripIhad in Beijing，China and Icango there next time with my friends.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。 作者作为游客介绍了自己的故宫之行，并表达了自己对这次行程难以忘怀的心情以及希望和朋友再次参观的愿望。【2019最新

26、】精选高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错第讲素能强化含答案? 解析：考查形容词最高级。被称为紫禁城的故宫是现存最大、保存最完整的皇家宫殿。根据空前的“the”及空后的“and most ”可知，此处应用形容词最高级形式。故用large的最高级largest。?解析： 考查非 谓语 动词 。 reserve和它所修饰的名词residence之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，此处表示“保存最完整的”，故应用过去分词reserved 作定语。? 解析：考查词性转换。 in 是介词，故应用名词 width 。? 解析：考查动词的时态和语态。 rebuild 和主语 it 之间是被动关系；根据时

27、间状语in the past可知，此处应用一般过去时，故应填was rebuilt。? 解析：考查介词。和家人一块儿参观故宫使作者感觉很兴奋。表示“和 一起”应用介词 with 。?解析：考查固定句型。 “It takes sb. time to do sth.”为固定句型，意为 “花费某人多长时间做某事” ，故此处应用 It作形式主语。? 解析：考查副词。此处修饰形容词 surprised ，应用副词，故用 really 。? 解析：考查连词。工人们将它建得如此好以至于现在它仍然没有过时。 so. . . that. . . “如此 以至于 ”为固定结构，其中 that 为连词，引导从句，故

28、此处应用 that 。? 解析：考查名词复数。 hundreds of 后面用可数名词复数形式，故用 photos 。10解析：考查形容词。 trip是名词，表事物，应该用形容词修饰，故用 amazing“令人惊奇的”。29/159/15(2018 ·八校第一次联考 )A groupofstudentsrangingfromYears9to13arebenefitingfroma schedulewhichisrunby theConfuciusInstitute( 孔子学院 ) at Newcastle University，which aims _1.to build_ (bui

29、ld) closer academic，cultural and social tiesbetween China and the North East of England.Staffat the institutework _2. patiently_(patient)withschools and the other day thepupils tookpart inweekly after school sessions with teacher Qiang Xingdi _3. who/that_gave them an introductionto the Chinese lang

30、uageand culture.Alreadythepupils_4.have beenawarded_(award)certificatesof achievement from the institute.They are makingrapid progress in learning Chinese now. Adam said，“ I havealways had an interest _5. in_Chinese culture and thiscoursehas been a great way to teach me all about it.”ConfuciusInstit

31、utesareworldwidenon profitpublicinstitutions_6. designed_ (design)bytheChinesegovernment topromote itslanguage and culturethrough teaching_7. plans_ (plan) and cultural exchanges.The Confucius Institute at the university was set up in2013，and it is _8. the_ first one in the North East.Student Voice

32、_9. said_ (say) East week，“ Many thanksto the ConfuciusInstituteat Newcastle Universityforhelpingto arrange such a memorable experience for the students andQiang Xingdi forher weekly enthusiasm ，which has certainly made【2019最新】精选高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错第讲素能强化含答案a si gnificant _10. impression_ (imp

33、ress) on them.”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。 介绍英国纽卡斯尔大学孔子学院课程开设以及学生学习汉语及文化的现状。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。 aim to do sth.表示“打算做某事”。? 解析：考查副词。根据语境可知，此处应使用副词修饰动词。patiently“耐心地”。? 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为 teacher Qiang Xingdi，表示人，且定语从句缺主语，故用 who或 that 。? 解析：考查时态和语态。 根据 Already 可知此处用现在完成时，又因动词award 与 the pupils为被动关系，表示学生被授予证

34、书，故用现在完成时的被动语态。?解析：考查介词。 have an interest in“对 感兴趣”，是固定搭配。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句中已有谓语动词 are ，故空处应为非谓语动词，又因 design 与其逻辑主语为动宾关系，故应填过去分词 designed 。? 解析：考查名词复数。根据空后的并列名词短语“ cultural exchanges”可知此处应填名词， plan 是可数名词，其前没有限定词，故应用 plan 的复数形式。? 解析：考查冠词。序数词常与定冠词 the 搭配使用，故本空填 the 。?解析：考查时态。根据时间状语“last week ”可知，此空应填 sa

35、id 。11/1511/1510解析：考查名词。根据空前的“asignificant”可知，空处应用所给词的名词形式，且用单数。3(2018 ·郑州一模 )I lost my last debate in the recent National High SchoolAcademic Debate & Speech Tournament heldinShanghai.Butinstead of focusing on my _1. failure_ (fail)，I stopped toreflect on my experiences in the past few yea

36、rs _2. as_ adebater.In general，preparing for new debate topics usually _3.includes_ (include) brainstorming arguments， researching aresolution (解决 ) ，and doing debate practice. So if you spota debating group， you might see us sitting together afterschool ，or even allday at weekends ，discussing argum

37、entsandresearching evidence. You might also notice us arguing _4.fiercely_ (fierce) anywhere we can.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然在一次辩论赛中失败了，但停下来反思过去几年作为一名辩论手的经历，作者依然觉得获益匪浅。? 解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my 可知，此处应用名词，故填fail的名词形式 failure。? 解析：考查介词。但“我”并没有把注意力集中到自己的失败上，而是停下来反思过去几年自己作为一名辩手的经历。 根据句意可知此处用介词 as，表示“作为”。【201

38、9最新】精选高考英语二轮专题复习训练：专题4 语法填空和短文改错第讲素能强化含答案?解析：考查主谓一致。本句中主语为preparing for newdebate topics，是动名词短语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。? 解析：考查词性转换。 你也有可能注意到在任何我们能辩论的地方我们都在激烈地论证。空处修饰 arguing ，应用副词。? 解析：考查冠词。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词 the ，故此处应填 the 。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是练习我们辩论技巧的一种方法。此处 to do 形式作定语。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。在“我”看来，它们有助于我们变得镇静，也帮

39、助我们考虑赢得辩论比赛和解决真正的问题。动词consider “考虑”后跟动词 ing 形式作宾语。? 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为place ，故用 where? 解析：考查名词单复数。 因此他们关心的是来自不同背景的人如何能过上更好的生活。 back ground 作“出身，个人背景”讲时为可数名词，空前有 different 修饰，故此处应用其复数形式。10解析：考查时态和语态。因此，尽管在上次的辩论中“我”被击败了，但“我”仍然感谢自己是非常棒的辩论家族的一员： 根据句意可知此处用被动语态， 且此处描述的是过去的事情， 故用一般过去时

40、的被动语态。4(2018 ·高三第二次考试 )As you know，science plays _1. a_ very importantroleinour education. Do you want to keep up _2. with_ the latestresearch and discoveriesin science？ There are manygood13/1513/15websites _3. where_you can check out the latestin thescience world.One greatsiteisScienceNews for Kids. This sitereportssciencenews _4. covering_(cover)a wide range of subjects.The articles are intended foryounger readers ，butadults willfindthissite_5.suitable