新概念二册L80

1、12021/8/6Complete these sentences with a suitable word. 1. There was a mechanical problem, and we ended up with a two-hour _.2. Several passengers had to fill in landing _.3. I went through passport control and sat in the departure _.4. If you have nothing to declare, you follow the green sign when

2、you go through _.5. A woman at the check-in desk weighed my _6. I look for our flight number on the departures _.22021/8/61. The plane will take _ in half an hour .2. Your books have taken _ too much space.3. When did he take _ drinking ?4. On one occasion I was taken _.5. I forgot to take _ his tel

3、ephone number.6. As a boy , Jim used to take _ his elders.7. We all hope that things will get better when the new manager takes _.8. Why dont you take _your coat ?off up to in down off over off 32021/8/6Lesson 80 The Crystal Palace 42021/8/6Free talk1. How many famous palaces do you know in the worl

4、d?2. Do you like them? Do you want to visit or live in them?52021/8/6The White House62021/8/6The Louvre PalaceThe Louvre Palace is one of the oldest museums in the world.72021/8/6VenusVictoryMona LisaThe most famous artworks are: 82021/8/6The Palace MuseumThe Palace Museum is the largest palace in t

5、he world. 92021/8/6The Imperial Palace of JapanCompared with those palaces, the Imperial Palace of Japan is much smaller.102021/8/6Qs to the textWhere was the Crystal Palace built and for what purpose?What made the Crystal Palace different from all other buildings in the world?How many visitors came

6、 to the Great Exhibition?What happened to the Crystal Palace later?112021/8/6Some useful phrasesthe Great Exhibition be different from be made of one of the biggest buildingsof all time a great many various parts of the worlda great deal of on display=on show in all burn down世博世博会会与与 .不同不同由由.制成制成最大最

7、大的建筑物之一的建筑物之一空前空前的的许多货物许多货物世世界各地界各地许许多多在展览在展览总总共共烧毁烧毁122021/8/6单词学习palace extraordinary exhibition iron various machinery display steam profit college n. 宫殿宫殿 adj. 不平常的，非凡的不平常的，非凡的 n. 展览展览 n. 铁铁 adj. 各种各样的各种各样的 n. 机器机器 n. 展览展览 n. 蒸汽蒸汽 n. 利润利润 n. 学院学院132021/8/6VocabularyNoun.palaceexhibitionironmachi

8、nerydisplaysteamhammerprofitmuseumscollegeOthers.perhapsextraordinaryvarious142021/8/6palace 宫殿宫殿 n.这是一座豪华的宫殿。This is a luxury palace.英国女王住在白金汉宫。The Queen of England lives in Buckingham Palace.152021/8/6extraordinary adj.不平常的，非凡的，奇怪的不平常的，非凡的，奇怪的他竟然在晚会上睡觉，简直太奇怪了Its extraordinary that he slept through

9、 the party.他的记忆力惊人。He has an extraordinary memory.162021/8/6exhibition 展览展览 n.他们举办了一个高科技产品的展览。They held an exhibition on hi-tech products.make an exhibition of oneself(做蠢事而使自己) 丢脸,出洋相恐怕弗兰克喝醉了并且出了洋相。Im afraid Frank got drunk and made an exhibition of himself.172021/8/6iron （1）n.铁中国出口铁。China exported

10、iron.打铁要趁热。Strike while the iron is hot.（2）n. 熨斗（3）v. 熨衣服你能帮我熨下衣服吗？Could you iron me this shirt? 182021/8/6various 各种各样的各种各样的由于各种各样的原因，她接受了这由于各种各样的原因，她接受了这份工作。份工作。She took the job for various reasons. 做这件事有各种各样的方法。做这件事有各种各样的方法。There are various ways of doing this.192021/8/6machinery （1）机器（总称）这是一台极好的

11、机器。This is a wonderful piece of machinery.一大批新机器是从美国进口的。A lot of new machinery was imported from America.（2）社会、政治等之 制度,机构,组织,机关the machinery of government政治机构the machinery of the law司法机关202021/8/6display （1）n.展览中山公园每年举办花展。A flower display is held every year in the Zhongshan Park.（2）v. 展览各种款式的套装被陈列于橱

12、窗中Various styles of suits are displayed in the shop windows.212021/8/6steam （1）n.蒸汽谁发明的蒸汽机？Who invented steam engine?他的眼镜蒙上了一层薄薄的水汽。His glasses were covered with a film of steam.（2） v. 冒蒸汽The kettle is steaming.那只茶壶在冒著蒸汽222021/8/6profit （1）n.利润净利 net profit毛利 Gross profit他们通过削减成本增加了赢利。They increased

13、 profits by cutting down the cost.这是一项赢利的投资。This is a profit-making investment.232021/8/6（2） (U)利益,好处你将从学习中获得益处You will get profit from your studies.（3）v. 获益智者由自己的过失中得到教益A wise person profits from his mistakes.I have profited much from your advice/this book/ living abroad.242021/8/6College 学院 n.她去年上

14、的大学。She went to college last year.他在医学院上学。He studies at a medical college.252021/8/6Sentence & ExpressionsPerhaps the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth century was the Cristal Palace which was built in Hyde Park for the Great Exhibition of 1851.be built for 为.而建Great Exhibition=World

15、s fair 世界博览会 fair 可以指展览会 书展 a book fair262021/8/6The Crystal Palace was different from all other buildings in the world, for it was made of iron and glass.be different from 与.不同送交的货品与样品大不相同The goods delivered were very different from the sample.for 表原因: ！ for是并列连词，不能置于含两个并列分句的句子的句首，只能将其放在两个分句中间。 For

16、 he is ill, he is absent today. He is absent today, for he is ill. be made of - 用.制造 (用于原材料显而易见的场合)lThe desk is made of wood. be made from - 由.所做成的 (用于原材料不易看出的场合)lThe paper is made from wood. 272021/8/6It was one of the biggest buildings of all time and a lot of people from many countries came to se

17、e it.of all time 空前的，有史以来（常与形容词的最高级连用，表示范围） He is one of the greatest men of all time.“one of =最高级+复数名词”结构的语气比直接用形容词最高级+名词结构要缓和些，不那么绝对。 Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. Yesterday was one of the hottest days of the year.282021/8/6A great many goods were sent to the exhibition from various p

18、arts of the world. a great many 很多There was also a great deal of machinery on display. The most wonderful piece of machinery on show was Nasmyths steam hammer.on display/on show: 展出的；在句子中可以作状语、定语或表语等主要出口商品的样品将全部在交易会上展出。Samples of all major export good will be on display at the fair Shall we put all

19、these flowers on display/show?machinery：机器、机械装置的总称，是集合名词，要与单数动词搭配。某个具体的机器可用 machine或者 a piece of machinery来表示 This is a wonderful piece of machinery/a wonderful machine.292021/8/6Though in those days, travelling was not as easy as it is today, steam boats carried thousands of visitors across the Cha

20、nnel from Europe. though:引导状语从句，表示转折，接近汉语中的“虽然”，但是不和but连用Asas 和一样他和你一样高He is as tall as you (are).我和她一样爱你I love you as much as she (does).302021/8/6On arriving in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. On + v.ing:相当于一个时间状语=As soon as they arrived in England, they were taken to the

21、Crystal Palace by train.=Soon after they arrived in England, they were taken to the Crystal Palace by train. 一到东京,我就打电话给他On arriving in Tokyo, I called him on the phone.312021/8/6There were six million visitors in all, and the profits from the exhibition were used to build museums and colleges. in a

22、ll 共计共计有100人参加。There were in all a hundred persons present. At the wedding there were over 100 people in all.322021/8/6be used to do 被用于树木用于造纸Trees are used to make paper.used to do 过去常常做某事我过去抽烟，但是几年前我戒了。I used to smoke, but I gave up a couple of years ago.be used to doing 习惯于做某事你会习惯每天走路上班的。You will

23、 be used to walking to work everyday.332021/8/6Later, the Cristal Palace was moved to south London. It remained one of the most famous buildings in the world until it was burnt down in 1936.remain “保持不变，仍然”你为什么在晚宴上保持沉默？Why did you remain silent at the dinner party?当经理讲话的时候，他们都站着。They all remained st

24、anding while the manager talked.burn down 烧掉这幢大楼是上周烧毁的The building was burned down last week342021/8/6Key Structure the best & the worstlthe most extraordinary building of the nineteenth centurylone of the biggest buildings of all timelthe most wonderful piece of machinery on showlone of the mos

25、t famous buildings in the world 352021/8/6Key Structure the best & the worst单音节词、一部分的双音节词：词尾加后缀er 或est 构成其比较级和最高级 longlongerlongestlatelaterlatestbigbiggerbiggesthappyhappierhappiest362021/8/6the most extraordinary building of the nineteenth centuryone of the biggest buildings of all timethe mos

26、t wonderful piece of machinery on showone of the most famous buildings in the world Key Structure the best & the worst372021/8/6Key Structure the best & the worst多音节词、另一部分双音节词：在adj./adv.前加more或most构成beautifulmore beautifulmost beautifulinterestingmore interestingmost interestingdifficultmore

27、 difficultmost difficultoftenmore oftenmost often382021/8/6Key Structure the best & the worstgoodbetterbestbadworseworstmanymoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest392021/8/6形容词最高级的用法形容词最高级的用法1. 形容词最高级有时单独使用，但前面需加定冠词：Whats the best time to go there? Express mail is the fastest

28、way to send a letter. Its the latest fashion from Paris. The oldest is only nine. The highest mountain in Japan is Fuji. In Western Europe Germany has the most people. 2. 有时跟一个短语或从句说明在哪个范围内如此： It is the largest island in Europe. Yesterday was the hottest day of the year. The Yangtze is the biggest r

29、iver in our country. It was the cheapest hotel we could find. This was the best beer (that) I have ever drunk. It was the worst film we had ever seen. 。 3. 形容词前有时有定语或状语修饰：Its second largest city is Osaka. The third largest city is Los Angeles. She was by far the most active member in our group. 4. 形

30、容词最高级有时表示“非常”的意思，这时前面可加不定冠词或不加定冠词：Its a most touching story. It was most stupid to act like that. 5. 形容词最高级还可用在某些短语中(这时常转化为名词)：She is ten years old at most. Well do our best. 带带as(so) as的结构的结构1. 在表示“和一样”时，可用“as. as”结构(前面的as后要用原形)：He is as busy as before. 他还是和以前一样忙。 Ill give you as much help as I can

31、. 我将尽量帮助你The airport was as crowded as ever. 机场还是像平常那样拥挤。Youre as good a singer as Johnny Buck. 你的歌唱得像约尼伯克一样好。Modern computers can be as small as a book. 现在的电脑可以像一本书那样大。2. 在表示“不像那样”时可用“not as(so). as”这种结构：It isnt so cold as yesterday. He is not so handsome as his brother. Im not so experienced as yo

32、u think. The situation is not so bad as had been paintedJack is not as(so) old as he looks. 3. 这种结构中也可包含一个状语或有almost, just, nearly, quite这类副词形容： The whale was twice as long as her boat. 那头鲸有她的那艘船的两倍长。 Their house is about three times as big as ours. 他们的房子约为我们房子三倍大。 My command of English is not half

33、so good as yours. 我的英语掌握得还不及你的一半好。He was almost as diligent as his sister. 他几乎和她姐姐一样勤奋。She is nearly as tall as her mother. 她几乎和她妈妈一样高。 4. as. as还可用在许多固定说法中：as brave as a lion 勇猛如狮as busy as a bee 忙得团团转as vain as a peacock proud as a peacock 自负，傲慢soft as velvet 天鹅绒般柔软as bright as day 明亮如白昼as fat as

34、a pig 肥的像猪 as gentle as a lamb 温顺如小样 easy as ABC 极其容易关于 on 的短语： on display/show 展出，陈列 This is the best dress on display/show. 这是展出的最好的衣服。on business 因公（与for pleasure相对） Last month he went to New York on business and had little time to visit friends.on foot 步行（与by bus, by car, by air等相对） I usually go

35、 to work by car, but this morning I went on foot.on duty 值班，值班的 It was Sunday and there was only one doctor on duty.on the whole 总的看来，总的来说，大体上 On the whole, he is a hard-working student. on fire 起火，着火起火，着火 Soon the whole building was on fire. on purpose 故意地，有意地，特意地（与故意地，有意地，特意地（与by chance相对）相对） They

36、 have come here on purpose to see you. She broke the vase on purpose. on the average 平均，通常平均，通常 On the average, he works more than ten hours a day. on any account 无论如何，不管怎么说（通常用否定句）无论如何，不管怎么说（通常用否定句） Do not interrupt him on any account. You mustnt on any account sign the contract before you read it.

37、 on second thought(s) 经重新考虑后（经重新考虑后（thought用单数或复用单数或复数均可）数均可） I intended to go to the party, but on second thought(s), I decided to stay at home.关于 on 的短语： on display/show 展出，陈列 This is the best dress on display/show. 这是展出的最好的衣服。on business 因公（与for pleasure相对） Last month he went to New York on busin

38、ess and had little time to visit friends.on foot 步行（与by bus, by car, by air等相对） I usually go to work by car, but this morning I went on foot.on duty 值班，值班的 It was Sunday and there was only one doctor on duty.on the whole 总的看来，总的来说，大体上 On the whole, he is a hard-working student. on fire 起火，着火起火，着火 So

39、on the whole building was on fire. on purpose 故意地，有意地，特意地（与故意地，有意地，特意地（与by chance相对）相对） They have come here on purpose to see you. She broke the vase on purpose. on the average 平均，通常平均，通常 On the average, he works more than ten hours a day. on any account 无论如何，不管怎么说（通常用否定句）无论如何，不管怎么说（通常用否定句） Do not i

40、nterrupt him on any account. You mustnt on any account sign the contract before you read it. on second thought(s) 经重新考虑后（经重新考虑后（thought用单数或复用单数或复数均可）数均可） I intended to go to the party, but on second thought(s), I decided to stay at home.形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名形容词：是修饰名词（人或事物），表示名 词的性质，特征或属性一种词类。词的性质，特征或属

41、性一种词类。 它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。它在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语。副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词副词：用来修饰动词、形容词及其他副词 的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语的词叫副词。副词在句中多作状语. 一、形容词和副词的概念一、形容词和副词的概念512021/8/6形容词作定语一般放在被修饰形容词作定语一般放在被修饰 的的名词之前。名词之前。 如如: a new book, two big trees 等等。二、形容词和副词的用法二、形容词和副词的用法形容词放在系动词形容词放在系动词be 、look、 get、keep、turn、feel、become、seem、 grow、

42、 smell等等之后。之后。如如:1.I am short. 2.She looks fine. 3.They turn green.522021/8/6如果如果形容词形容词修饰不定代词修饰不定代词something, anything, everything, nothing等时，等时，要放在不定要放在不定代词后面。代词后面。如如:something interesting nothing new副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副副词放在所修饰的动词之后、形容词和副 词之前词之前。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如果前面是行为动词，则后面用副词。如如: 1.She works hard

43、.（修饰动词） 2.I am very busy.（修饰形容词） 3.He runs too quickly .（修饰副词） 4.We play happily. （修饰动词）532021/8/6通常在形容词后加通常在形容词后加-ly变成副词。变成副词。slow _ real _usual _ careful_easy _ happy _heavy _ angry _slowlyusuallyeasilyheavilyreallycarefullyhappilyangrily542021/8/6bigbiggerLook at the pictures and Look at the pict

44、ures and understand understand 看图并理解552021/8/6Look at the pictures and Look at the pictures and understand understand 看图并理解bigbiggerbiggest562021/8/6fastLook at the pictures and Look at the pictures and understand understand 看图并理解572021/8/6fastfasterLook at the pictures and Look at the pictures and

45、understand understand 看图并理解582021/8/6fastfasterfastestLook at the Look at the pictures pictures and understand and understand 看图并理解592021/8/6三、形容词和副词的级三、形容词和副词的级形容词和副词有三个等级：形容词和副词有三个等级： 原级、比较级、最高级原级、比较级、最高级1.原级：即形容词和副词的原形。原级：即形容词和副词的原形。 small, good, pretty, big, many hard, happily, slowly, quickly 程

46、度副词程度副词very,too,so,quite等修饰形容词等修饰形容词和副词的原级。和副词的原级。 如：如：very tall、 too hot、 so cold quite interesting run quickly 602021/8/6 asas ,(与与一样）一样） not as（so)as （与（与不一样）中间用原级。不一样）中间用原级。The story is as interesting as that one.The question is not as / so difficult as that one.2.比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。比较级：两个人或物之间的比较。标

47、志标志词：词：than (比）比） 单音节词通常是单音节词通常是-er结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加more. 如如:smaller, better, taller, older, more, harder more interesting , more quickly3.最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间最高级：三个或三个以上的人或物之间 的比较。的比较。 标志词：标志词：in+大范围大范围, of all, of +the+具体的数字具体的数字 （两者以上用最高级） 单音节词通常是单音节词通常是-est结尾；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加结尾

48、；多音节或部分双音节词通常在之前加most. 在形在形容词的最高级前必须加容词的最高级前必须加the;副词之前可以不加。如副词之前可以不加。如 ：smallest, tallest, newest, best most interesting, most difficultly 612021/8/6 构 成 方 法原 级比 较 级最 高 级单音节词和少数多音节词一般在词尾加一般在词尾加-er/或或-est/ist/coldcoldercoldestfastfasterfastest以字母以字母e结尾的形容词，加结尾的形容词，加-r或或-stnicenicernicestlargelargerl

49、argest重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母重读闭音节词只有一个辅音字母时，应先双写辅音字母；再加时，应先双写辅音字母；再加-es或或-estbigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottest以以“辅音字母辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节结尾的双音节词，先改词，先改“+y”结尾的双音节词，结尾的双音节词，先改先改“y”为为“i”,再加再加-er或或-esteasyeasiereasiestearlyearlierearliest多音节词和部分双音节词在词前加在词前加more或或mosttiredmore tiredmost tiredeasilymore easilymost easily

50、622021/8/6 不规则变化，不规则变化，要多加注意哦！要多加注意哦！ good bad many little well badly much far betterbestworseworstmoremostlessleastbetterbestfartherfarthestworseworstmoremost632021/8/6important _ _ easy_ _ wet_ _ happy_ _ careful _ _ thin _ _ good_ _ hot _ _ easily _ _ many_ _ nice _ _ big _ _heavy_ _delicious_ _m

51、uch_ _给出下列词的比较级和最高级给出下列词的比较级和最高级 more importantmost importanteasiereasiestwetterwettesthappierhappiestmore carefulmost carefulthinnerthinnestbetterbesthotterhottestmore easilymost easilymoremostnicernicestbiggerbiggestheavierheaviestmore deliciousmost deliciousmoremost642021/8/6More examples:1.Mary

52、is cleverer than her little sister.2.The new building is higher than the old one.3.His shirt is more expensive than mine.4.Kate is more beautiful than Lily is. 5.She is five years older than I am.6.He is 2 centimeters taller than her.7.This ruler is 20 centimeters longer than that one.652021/8/6比较级的

53、用法：比较级的用法： than1.汤姆比杰克高.2.这只箱子要比那只箱子大.3.那些苹果比这些大.4.第一个问题很容易第一个问题很容易,但第二个更容易但第二个更容易.Tom is taller than Jack.This box is bigger than that one.Those apples are bigger than these ones.The first question is very easy, but the second one is easier.662021/8/6形容词最高级的用法形容词最高级的用法(in; of)那个短发的女孩是我们班最高的那个短发的女孩是

54、我们班最高的.今天是一年中最热的一天今天是一年中最热的一天.他的房间是三个中最干净的一个他的房间是三个中最干净的一个.上海是中国最大的城市上海是中国最大的城市.The girl with red hair is the tallest in our class.Today is the hottest day of the year.His room is the cleanest of the three.Shanghai is the largest in China.672021/8/6(2) 数量的比较数量的比较1.我的笔比你的多.2.我喝的茶比他多.3.他吃的饭比我少.4.一班的学生

55、比二班多.I have more pens than you (do).I drink more tea than he (does).He has less rice than I (do).There are more students in Class 1 than in Class 2.682021/8/61.The new building is higher than the old one.Those apples are bigger than these ones.2.His shirt is more expensive than mine.如果主语是物主代词如果主语是物主

56、代词+名词，那么后面要用名词，那么后面要用名词性物主代词。名词性物主代词。比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，比较级必须在同类中进行，即人与人比，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，物与物比，而且比较结构前后的词语要对称，特别注意在特别注意在than或或 as 之后不要漏掉可能出现之后不要漏掉可能出现的替代词的替代词 that ,those, one ,ones. 692021/8/65.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.one of+ the+最高级最高级+复数名词复数名词 Which/Who+ 比较级，比

57、较级，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高级，最高级，A ，B or C?6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom Which language is _ , English, French or Chinese?A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficultC702021/8/65.The city is one of the most beautiful cities in the world.one of+ the+最高级最高级+复数

58、名词复数名词 Which/Who+ 比较级，比较级，A or B? Which/Who+ 最高级，最高级，A ，B or C?6.Who is older, Jim or Tom ? Who is the tallest, Jim , Mike or Tom Which language is _ , English, French or Chinese?A. difficult B. more difficult C. the most difficultC712021/8/67. Mary is the tallest of all the sisters in the family .在

59、使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括在使用形容词最高级时，一定要把自己包括 在比较的范围内。在比较的范围内。8.This is the third largest city in China . 当表示当表示“第二，第三第二，第三”等意思时，经常在最高等意思时，经常在最高级的前面加级的前面加second, third,等词。等词。 9.Its our largest machine in our factory. 当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加当最高级前有物主代词修饰时，其前不加定冠词定冠词the. 722021/8/6双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级双音节或多音节形容词和副词的比较级

60、 和最高级的特殊情况：和最高级的特殊情况：1、一般是在原级前加、一般是在原级前加more构成比较级，在原级前加构成比较级，在原级前加most构成最高级。构成最高级。 beautiful more beautiful most beautiful interesting more interesting most interesting dangerous more dangerous most dangerous 2、某些单音节形容词，加、某些单音节形容词，加more, most 构成比较级和最高级。构成比较级和最高级。 glad more glad most glad pleased more pleased most pleased