传热学专业英语词汇

1、v1.0 可编辑可修改Chapter 1 Thermodynamics and Heat Transfer主要内容heat (thermal energy) 、heat transfer 、thermodynamics 、total amount of heat transfer、heat transfer rate、 heat flux 、conduction 、 convection 、 radiation1) The first law of thermodynamics (conservation of energy principle)2) Heat balance equation

2、: a) closed system; b) open system (steady-flow)3) Fourier ' s law of heat conduction4) Newton 's law of cooling5) Stefan-Boltzmann law主要专业词汇heat transfer 传热、热传递、传热学 thermodynamics 热 力学caloric 热素 specific heat 比热 mass flow rate质量流率1111显热heat fluxlatent heat 潜热 sensible heat 热流密度heat transfer

3、 rate 总热量热流量total amount of heat transferconduction 导热 convection对流 radiation辐射diffusivity 热thermal conductivity 热导率 thermal 扩散率convection/combined heat transfer coefficient对流 / 综合换热系数emissivity 发射率 收率absorptivity 吸simultaneous heat transfer 复合换热Chapter 2 Heat Conduction Equation主要内容temperature fiel

4、d initial condition heat transfer distribution、temperature gradient 、heat generation 、 boundary condition 、 steadytransientuniformnonuniformtemperature2-1)1) Fourier ' s law of heat conduction (2222equation (in coordinates)§2-4)2) Heat conduction rectangularcylindricalspherical (§2-2 、

5、§ 2-3)3) Boundary conditions:(a) Specified temperature B. C.b) Specified heat flux B. C. special case(dt/dx=0): insulation 、 thermal symmetry;c) Convection .d) Radiation .e) Interface .4) Average thermal conductivitykave ( § 2-7)5) Solution of one-dimensional, steady heat conduction in pla

6、ne walls 、 cylinders and spheres (k =const) ：a) no heat generation, specified .:T(x) or T(r)( §2-5)Q(x) or Q( r), Q=constb) with heat generation, Specified . or Convection . :( § 2-6)2? Tmax=To- Ts= gs /2 nk ;q( x)= gx/ n;Ts=T +gs/nhcharacteristic lengthS, shape factor n:plane walls s = L

7、(half thickness ), n = 1cylinderss = r o, n = 23333spheress = ro, n =3: Solve a heat transfer problem1) Mathematical formulation (differential equation & .)2) General solution of equation3) Application of Unique solution of the problem主要专业词汇temperature fielddistribution 温度场 分布 temperature gradie

8、nt 温度梯度heat generation 热生成 (热源) initialboundary condition 初始 边界条件transient heat transfer瞬态(非稳态 )传热isothermalsurface 等温面Heat conduction differential equation 导热微分方程trial and error method 试 算 法iterate 迭 代convergence 收敛Chapter 3 Steady Heat Conduction主要内容multilayercomposite wall overall heat transfer c

9、oefficient U thermal resistance Rt thermal contact resistanceRc critical radiusof insulation Rcrfin efficiencyfin effectiveness4444Multiplayer plane wall、cylinders and spheres:Fin: fin equationrefer to the attachment.1) Uniform cross-section: refer to the attachment.2) Varying cross-section:refer to

10、 the attachment.主要专业词汇thermal resistance 热阻parallel并联inseries 串联thermal contact resistance接触热阻compositewall 复合壁面thermal grease热脂 cross-section横截面temperature execess过余温度hyperbolic 双曲线的exponent指数fin 肋（翅）片fin base肋基fin tip肋端fin efficiency肋效率fin effectiveness肋片有效度Chapter 4 Transient Heat ConductionLc=V/

11、A)主要内容lumped system analysis characteristic length (Biot number (Bi= hLc / k) Fourier number ( = at/ L)Bi0, lumped system analysis (§4-1)Bi>0, Heisler/Grober charts OR analytical expressions§4-3)1-D： a) infinite large plane walls, long cylinders and spheres ( §4-2)b) semi-infinite

12、solids (5555multidimensional: product solution (§4-4)主要专业词汇lumped system analysis 集总参数法characteristic length特征长度（尺dimension 量纲 nondimensionalize寸）无量纲化 dimensionless quantity量无量纲semi-infinite solid半无限大固体complementary error function误差余函数series 级数 production solution乘积解Chapter 5 Numerical Methods

13、in Heat Conduction主要内容control volume (energy balance) method、 finite difference method 、discretization 、 node 、 space step 、 time step 、mesh Biot number 、mesh Fourier number 、 mirror image concept 、explicit/implicit method、 stability criterion (primary coefficients0)Numerical error: 1) discretizatio

14、n/truncation error; 2) round-off errorNumerical solution:1) Discretization in space and time (x, t);2) Build all nodes ' finite difference formulations (including interior and boundary nodes);difference methodbalance method . Control Volume method)3) Solution of nodal difference eqs. of heat con

15、duction;method: Gaussian Eliminationmethod: Gauss-Seidel iteration6666主要专业词汇control volume 控制容积finite difference有限差分Taylor series expression泰勒级数展开式mirror image concept镜像法Elimination method消元法direct/iterativemethod 直接 / 迭代方法 explicit/implicitmethod 显式 / 隐式格式stability criterion稳定性条件 primary coefficien

16、ts主系数unconditionally 无条件地 algebraic eq.代数方程discretization/truncation error离散 / 截断误差 round-off error舍入误差Chapter 6 、 7 Forced Convection and NaturalConvection主要内容Nu、 Re、 Gr、PrForce/natural convection 、 external/internalflow 、 velocity/thermal boundary layerflow regimes 、 laminar/turbulent flowhydrodyn

17、amic/thermal entry region 、 fully developed regionCritical Reynolds Number (Rec) 、 hydraulic diameter (Dh) 、Tln)film temperature (Tf ) 、 bulk mean fluid temperature (Tb)logarithmic mean temperature difference (7777volume expansion coefficient ( = 1/ T)Keff = KNu)effective thermal conductivity (Drag

18、forceFD = CfAV2/2Heat transfer rate ： Q = hA(T s-T )3 Typical Convection Phenomena:1) Forced convection ： external flow flow over flat plates (§6-4) flowacross cylinders and spheres (§ 6-5)internal flow flow in tubes (§ 6-6)2) Natural convectionflow over surfaces (§7-2)flow insid

19、e enclosures (§ 7-3)主要专业词汇Force/natural convection自然 / 强制对流laminar/turbulent flowboundary layer边界层 laminar sublayer层流底层 buffer layer层 / 湍流缓冲层transition region过渡区 flow regimes 流态8888inertia/viscous force惯性/粘性力 shear stress 剪切应力friction/drag coefficient 摩擦 / 阻力系数 friction factor 摩擦因子dynamic/kinem

20、atic viscous 动力 / 运动粘度wake 尾流 stagnation point滞止点 flow separation 流体分离vortex 漩涡 rotational motion 环流 velocity fluctuation 速度脉动 hydrodynamic 水动力学的 hydraulic diameter 水力直径 fully developed region 充分发展段 volume flow rate 体积流量 arithmetic/logarithmic mean temperature difference 算术 / 对数平均温差 volume expansion

21、 coefficient 体积膨胀系数 interferometer 干涉仪 asymptotic 渐近线的effective thermal conductivity 有效热导率analogical method 类比法 integral approach 积分近似法order of magnitude analysis 数量级分析法 similarity principle 相似原理Chapter 9 Radiation Heat Transfer主要内容9999black body 、gray body 、diffuse surface 、 emissive power ( E) emi

22、ssivity ( ) 、absorptivity ( ) 、reflectivity( ) 、transmissivity ( )irradiation( G) 、radiosity( J) 、reradiating(adiabatic) surface view factor (Fij ) 、radiation network 、space resistance 、surface resistance radiation shieldgas radiation 、transparent mediumt o radiation 、absorbing and transmitting medi

23、umBlackbody ： (1) Plank 's law(2) Stefan-Boltzmann 's law(3) Wien ' s displacement lawGraybody：(4) Kirchhoff' s lawActual body ：E ( T) = Eb(T) = T4 W/m 2Gas：(5) Beer's law3Calculation:1) View factor ：reciprocity/summation/superposition/symmetry Rule crossed-strings method2) Radia

24、tion heat transfer： Radiation networkOpen system： between two surface . two large parallel plates) Enclosure ： 2-surface enclosure；3-surface enclosureRadiation shield主要专业词汇thermal radiation 热辐射、quantum theory 量子理论、 index of refraction 折 射系数electromagnetic wave/spectrum 电磁波 / 波谱、 ultraviolet (UV) ray

25、s 紫外 线、 infrared (IR) rays红外线absorptivity 吸 收率、 reflectivity反射 率、 transmissivity透射 率、emissivity ( ) 发射率(黑度) 、specular/diffuse reflection镜反射/ 漫反投入辐射、 radiosity 有效辐射射 irradiation (incident radiation)10101010spectral/directional/total emissive power单色/ 定向/ 总 辐射力fraction of radiation energy 辐射能量份额 (辐射比)

26、 、blackbody radiation function 黑体辐射函数view factor 辐射角系数、 crossed-strings method 交叉线法、 reciprocity/summation/superposition/symmetry Rule相互/ 完整/ 和分/ 对称性net radiation heat transfer 净辐射热流量radiation network 辐射网络图、 space/surface radiation resistance 空间 / 表面辐射热阻、reradiating surface 重辐射面、 adiabatic 绝热的 radia

27、tion shield遮热板transparent medium to radiation辐射透热体、 absorbing and transmitting medium吸收- 透过性介质Chapter 10 Heat Exchangers主要内容heat exchanger type double-pipe 、 compact 、 shell-and-tubeplate-and-frame 、regenerative heat exchanger parallel/counter/cross/multipass flowoverall heat transfer coefficient (U) fouling factor (Rf)heat capacity rate capacity ration log mean