关系副词与“介词+which”(是否可互换)的区别

1、引导定语从句时where与in which有时可互换， 有时不能互换，注意以下几点：一、关系副词与“介词+which”互换的情形当“介词+ which”在定语从句中作时间、地点和 原因状语时，可以用相应的关系副词when, where 和why来替换。1. when根据情况可以等于in which, at which, on which 等。如：The day when (=on which) she arrived was Thursday.她到的那天是星期四。July and August are the months when (=in which) the weather is hot

2、.七八月是天气很热的月份。一 一摘自英语常用词多用途词典(金盾出版社)这种替换有时出现在非限制性定语从句中。如：We 'll put off the picnic until next week, when (=by then） the weather may be better.我们将把野餐推 迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点。一一摘自张道真英语语法（商务印书馆）2. where 根据情况可以等于 in which, at which, on which 等。如：This is the hotel where （ =in which / at which） they were sta

3、ying.这就是他们当时住的旅店。 摘 自英语常用词多用途词典（金盾出版社）Do you remember the place where （=at which） we had lunch?你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗？ 摘自英语用法指南（外研社）这种替换有时出现在非限制性定语从句中。如：The Tower of London, where （=in which） so many people lost their lives, is now a tourist attraction. 在伦敦塔中曾有许多人丧命，它现在是旅游胜 地。一一摘自朗文英语语法（外研社）3. 关系副词若要换成“介词+whi

4、ch"只能是for which。如：The reason why （=for which） I came here was to be with my family.我到这里来的原因是要跟我的 家里人在一起。一一摘自英语用法指南（外 研社）My success in business, the reason why （=for which） he dislikes me, has been due to hard work. 他为我在事业上的成功而不喜欢我，我的成功归 功于我努力工作。一一摘自朗文英语语法（外 研社）但是，反过来，for which并不一定能换成why。 如：The

5、documents for which they were searching have been recovered.他们找寻的文件已经找到了。 （此句中的for which也不能换成why,理由同 上句）一一摘自高中英语语法详解（湖南大 学出版社）二、关系副词与“介词+which”不能互换的情形1 .有些语境需要用特定的介词来明确其关系，此 时若换成关系副词，则会导致意思不明确或句意 不能通顺。如：The ladder on which I was standing began to slip. 我脚下的梯子开始向下滑动。（句中的on which 不能换成where,否则意思不明确）Thi

6、s I did at nine o' clock, after which I sat reading the paper.九点钟时我做这事，之后我坐着看报。 （句中的after which不能换成when,否则意思 不明确）2 .当“介词+which”后面接有被which修饰的名 词时，通常不能用关系副词代替。如：The programme will continue until 1994 by which time $3million will have been spent.这个项目将持续到1994年。到那时开支将达到 300万美元。（句中的by which time不能换成 w

7、hen或where,因为which后跟有它所修饰的名 词time）摘自限定词与数量词（外文出 版社）We arrived at noon, by which time the demonstration was over.我们是中午至的，这时游 行业已结束。（句中的by which time不能换成 when或where,因为which后跟有它所修饰的名 词time）摘自英语常用词多用途词典（金 盾出版社）3 .当“介词+which”并不表示时间、地点或原因 时，自然不能换成关系副词。如（）：There are three principal routes by which one can drive to North Wales.开车到北威尔士，有3条主 要路线可走。（句中的by which不能换成when 或where,因为这里的by which并不表示时间或 地点，介词by在此表示“通过”）一一摘自英 语常用词多用途词典（金盾出版社）This is a subject about which we might argue for a long while.这是一个我们可能长时间争论