儿童生长发育对照表

1、儿童生长发育对照表儿童生长发育对照表表1中国018岁男童体重参照值（kg）年龄组下等中下等中等中上等上等初生2.542.923.303.684.061月3.844.475.105.736.362月4.725.446.166.887.603月5.406.196.987.778.564月5.946.757.568.379.185月6.267.148.028.909.786月6.747.688.629.5610.508月7.198.199.1910.1911.1910月7.578.619.6510.6911.7312月8.089.1210.1611.2012.2415月8.489.5910.7011

2、.8112.9218月8.8710.0611.2512.4413.6321月9.3110.5711.8313.0914.352.0岁10.0111.2912.5713.8515.132.5岁10.9012.2313.5614.8916.223.0岁11.4012.9114.4215.9317.443.5岁12.2713.8215.3716.9218.474.0岁12.6914.4616.2318.0019.774.5岁13.3615.3017.2419.1821.125.0岁14.0816.2118.3420.4722.605.5岁14.8817.1319.3821.6323.886.0岁15

3、.7718.3720.9723.5726.177.0岁15.2519.3023.3527.4031.45中国018岁女童体重参照值（kg）年龄组下等中下等中等中上等上等初生2.482.843.203.563.921月3.674.244.815.385.952月4.445.095.746.397.043月5.025.726.427.127.824月5.516.267.017.768.515月5.996.767.538.309.076月6.207.108.008.909.808月6.717.688.659.6210.5910月7.118.109.0910.0811.0712月7.428.479.5

4、210.5711.6215月7.999.0410.0911.1412.1918月8.439.5410.6511.7612.8721月9.0110.1311.2512.3713.492.0岁9.5810.8112.0413.2714.502.5岁10.3111.6412.9714.3015.633.0岁11.1512.5814.0115.4416.873.5岁11.9013.4214.9416.4617.984.0岁12.4514.1315.8117.4919.174.5岁13.0414.9216.8018.6820.565.0岁13.9015.8717.8419.8121.785.5岁14.3

5、616.5818.8021.0223.246.0岁15.2617.8120.3622.9125.467.0岁15.0818.7022.3225.9429.56中国018岁男童身高参照值（cm）年龄组下等中下等中等中上等上等初生47.048.750.452.153.81月52.354.656.959.261.52月55.658.060.462.865.23月58.460.763.065.367.64月60.762.965.167.369.55月62.464.767.069.371.66月64.466.869.271.674.08月67.069.572.074.577.010月69.472.074

6、.677.279.812月71.974.677.380.082.715月74.777.580.383.185.918月76.579.682.785.888.921月79.282.485.688.892.02.0岁82.385.789.192.595.92.5岁86.389.893.396.8100.33.0岁89.493.196.8100.5104.23.5岁92.696.4100.2104.0107.84.0岁95.599.6103.7107.8111.94.5岁98.9103.0107.1111.2115.35.0岁102.1106.3110.5114.7118.95.5岁104.7109

7、.2113.7118.2122.76.0岁108.5113.2117.9122.6127.37.0岁112.5118.2123.9129.6135.3中国018岁女童身高参照值（cm）年龄组下等中下等中等中上等上等初生46.648.249.851.453.01月51.753.956.158.360.52月54.656.959.261.563.83月57.259.461.663.866.04月59.461.663.866.068.25月60.963.265.567.870.16月62.865.267.670.072.48月65.668.170.673.175.610月68.170.773.375

8、.978.512月70.373.175.978.781.515月73.376.178.981.784.518月75.878.781.684.587.421月78.581.584.587.590.52.0岁81.384.788.191.594.92.5岁84.888.492.095.699.23.0岁88.792.395.999.5103.13.5岁91.695.499.2103.0106.84.0岁95.098.9102.8106.7110.64.5岁97.8102.0106.2110.4114.65.0岁101.6105.7109.8113.9118.05.5岁103.9108.4112.9

9、117.4121.96.0岁108.1112.6117.1121.6126.17.0111.7117.2122.7128.2133.7岁中国07岁儿童头围参照值（cm）男童女里年龄组、平均值上等下平均值上等初生31.934.31.2出6.731.533.9 仕236.31月35.538.11.3±10.735.037.4 仕239.82月37.139.7±12.336.38.9 仕241.31.353月38.441.0±13.637.40.1 仕242.51.374月39.742.1±14.538.41.2 仕243.61.285月40.643.0

10、77;15.439.42.1 仕244.51.276月41.544.1±16.740.43.0 仕345.61.348月42.545.1±17.741.44.1 仕346.71.3510月43.045.8±18.642.44.8 仕247.21.4412月43.946.5±19.143.45.4 仕247.81.3015月44.547.1±19.743.46.0 仕248.41.3618月45.247.6±50.044.46.5 仕248.91.2121月45.548.1巧0.744.46.9 ±49.31.352.046.

11、048.4巧0.845.47.4 ±49.8岁1.202.546.649.0± .445.48.0 ±50.4岁1.263.047.049.4巧1.846.48.4 仕 150.6岁1.223.547.449.8巧2.246.48.8 ±51.2岁1.244.047.550.1巧2.746.49.1 ±51.5岁1.374.547.850.4巧3.047.49.4 ±51.8岁1.305.048.350.7巧3.147.49.7 ±52.1岁1.235.548.550.9巧3.347.50.0 ±52.4岁1.26

12、6.0 48.951.3 巧3.747. 50.3 ±3 52.97.0岁1.27常用的小儿生长发育指标有：体重、身高、头围、胸围一、体重 体重是反映小儿生长发育的最重要也是最灵敏的指标。因为体重反映孩子的营养状况，尤其是近期的营养状况。体重可以受多种 因素如：营养、辅食添加、疾病等的影响。体重在出生头3个月增长最快，一般为月增长6001000克，最好不低于600克。36个月次之， 一般月增长60 0800克。612个月平均每个月增长300克。1岁后小 儿生长速度明显减慢，13岁小儿平均每个月体重增长150克。1岁后 小儿的体重可用下列公式计算：体重（kg）=年龄（岁）2+7 （或8

13、）二、身长身长也是小儿生长发育的重要指标，但它反映的是长期营 养状况，短期内影响生长发育的因素（营养、疾病等）对身长影响不明 显。它主要受遗传、种族和环境的影响较为明显。身长的增加同体重一 样，也是在生后第一年增长最快，平均年增长25厘米。第二年平均增长 10厘米，第三年平均增长47.5厘米。幼儿期孩子的体型由婴儿期的 肥墩型向瘦长型转变。这期间躯干稍长些，下肢稍短些。幼儿期后，四 肢的增长逐渐快于躯干的增长。一岁以后平均身长的公式为：身长（cm） =年龄（岁）5 +80 （cm）。小儿的身长与体重都可以用国际卫生组织的 标准来评价。三、头围 头围是反映孩子脑发育的一个重要指标。 头围在生后第一 年增长最快。出生时头围平均34cm; 1岁时平均46cm;第二年增加2cm, 第三年增长12cm。3岁时头围平均为48cm,已与成人相差不很多了。 由此可看出，脑发育主要在生后头 3年。正常小儿后囟门3个月闭合, 前囟门1岁1岁半闭合。过迟闭合要考虑有无佝偻病的可能。有的孩 子出生时囟门就较小，闭合也会早些。这与母亲孕期营养状况较好有关。 因此要综合看待这个问题，如果没有超量服用鱼肝油或超量服用及注射 维生素D，一般问题不大。 需要注意的是，并非像人们所想像的那样： 孩子头越大越聪明，聪明与否和头围大小并不成正比