必修三Unit1知识点

1、1. mean的用法1) mean to do意欲做2) mean doing意味着3) be meant for 适合做这次考试失败意味着要再考一次Faili ng this examano ther one.我并不是故意迟到的。I didn ' tbe late for sChooUnit 1e.g. I did n mean to hurt you.e.g. Missing the train means waiting for another hour.e.g. He is not meant for a teacher and will always be un happy

2、in the school. means方式，方法，途径by all means当然可以，没问题by no means绝不by mea ns of借助手段；依靠方法练习：他说他不适合读书因为懒。He says hea student for his laziness.2. celebrate vt. & vi.(1) 庆祝；祝贺 celebrateChristmas / one ' s birthday / a vi成功)(2) 赞扬； 称颂 e.g. The n ames of many heroes are celebrated by the poets. 词语辨析： ce

3、lebrate, con gratulatecelebrate表示“庆祝”后常接日期,事情或场合，表示“赞扬”时，宾语可以是 人，也可是物。congratulate 后常接人，表示向某人祝贺 congratulate sb. on/upon (doing) sth. congratulations (to sb) on sth/ doing sth.3. 英语中表示“发生”的词或短语均为不及物，不用于被动语态，主语为所发生的事。词语辨析： take place, happe n, occur, come about, break out 的比较1) take place “发生,举行”侧重安排

4、或计划而发生的事，带有 非偶然”的意思e.g. Great cha nges have take n place in China in the past 10 years.2) happen发生”常指具体客观事物或情况的偶然或未能预见地发生。happen还可以表示“碰巧发生了什么事”常构成sb/sth. happens to do或 It happens thate.g. It happe ned to rain that day.The traffic accide nt occurred on Wedn esday.3) occur发生，出现”，较正式用词，指事情偶然地、意外地发生或思想

5、突然浮 在心头。occur to有“想起”的意思。e.g. A good idea occurred to me.4) break out火灾、战争、疾病)突然发生、爆发e.g. The Seco nd World War broke out in 1939.5) come about发生”，往往注重事情发生的原因。且很多时候与 how连用。与 happen用法较接近e.g. How does it come about that you were caught by the police?练习：用take place , happen和 come about的正确形式填空1. The May

6、 4th Movementin 1919.2. If anythingto the machi ne, let me know at on ce.3. The ope ning day of the playtomorrow ni ght.4. Can you tell me how it?4. starve: vt.使饿死vi.饿得要死 starve to deathbe starved of/ starve for:渴望n. starvation 饿死：die of starvatione.g. The motherless childre n were starved of/ were

7、starvi ng for affectio n.练习：他们在沙漠中迷路而饿死。They got lost in the desert and他们正急需一大笔钱来完成工作。 They are a sum of money to finish their work.5. h on or1） n.光荣，荣誉；光荣的人或事情e.g. They fight for the honor of the coun try.Liu Xiang is an honor to our coun try.2）尊敬，给以荣誉（v）e.g. Children should honor their parents.3）i

8、n honor of 为了纪念do sb. honor/ do honor to sb.向某人致敬on one'honor 以人格担保have the honor of doing/ to do sth.有幸做 6. satisfy vt. / vi.使满意，使满足e.g. Nothing can satisfy him except the best.Some people are really hard to satisfy.sb. be satisfied with 对满意e.g. She ' ssaitsfied with her new house.令人满意的：sat

9、isfying, satisfactory满意：satisfaction7. harm n./v. 损害；伤害do sb harm =do harm to sb=harm sb 反: do sb goode.g. He meant n oharm to you.The eve nts has harmed the relati ons betwee n the two coun tries.8. in memory of 为纪念e.g. The museum was built in memory of the famous scie ntist.in praise of 歌颂in charg

10、e of 负责； 掌管insearchof寻找in favor of 支持incelebration of庆祝insupport of支持in place of 代替incase of 女口果；万一9. They offer food, flowers and gift词语辨析： offer, provide, supplyoffer 主动提供。offer sth to sb/ offer sb sthprovide 供给（所需物，尤指生活必需品）。provide sth （for sb）/ provide sb with sth. supply:供应（所需要或所要求之物）。supply st

11、h to sb; supply sb with sth 练习： When I meet difficulty, my roommates willme help.Theya reward for the return of the lost jewels.The gover nment n eed tothese old people with food and clothes.Electricity should beeno ugh every mon th.10. dress up盛装打扮；装扮，装饰' t have doess up Come as you are.Childre

12、 n love dress ing upin Hallowee n.dress vt. 给穿衣 dress on eself/ sb.给自己/某人穿衣表示动作be dressed in表示状态11. play a trick on sb.= play tricks on sb. 捉弄某人；开某人的玩笑相近短语：make fu n of取笑，捉弄 laugh at嘲笑 make a fool of愚弄 play a joke with= joke with 和某人开玩笑trick vt. trick sb into sth./ doi ng sth.诱使某人干某事trick sb. out of

13、 sth.从某人处骗走某物12 award n.奖品，奖项，奖金e.g. She showed us theiwards she had won.vt. 授予; 判定 award sb sth= award sth to sb e.g. The judgesawarded both teams equal poin ts.award奖，奖品，奖金”侧重经过正式裁定而得到的prize奖，奖金”指在比赛中获胜或有特殊贡献时所得的奖励reward回报,报酬13. admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕admire sb/sth （for为某事钦佩某人e.g. I admire him for his

14、success in bus in ess.admiratio n n.admirableadj.14. look forward to（介词）+ n/ v-ing盼望，期待e.g. I ' m looking forward to his coming.以下短语中的to也为介词，后面加doing,而不是dopay attention to 注意devote to 致 力 于 prefer to 更 加喜欢get dow n to 开始做be used to习惯于15. as though= as if好像，仿佛（其引导的从句中的谓语动词即可用陈述语气，也可用虚拟语气）1）虚拟语气（其

15、谓语若与现在事实相反，用一般过去时，be动词用were;若与过去事实相反，则用过去完成时）e.g. He behavedas if/ though nothing had happened.He talks as if/though he knew everyth ing.2）.陈述语气（表示很可能的事实就用陈述语气）e.g. It looks as if/ though it is going to rain.He waved to me as if to tell me someth ing.16. custom 指传统风俗、习俗，也可指个人生活习惯。customs关税practice习俗

16、，惯例；与custom近义，但含贬义。make a practice of 惯常做某事。habit个人生活习惯，后接of doing,不可接不定式。break a custom 打破习俗 follow/keep up a custom 遵从、遵守习俗manners and customs 风俗习惯customs 付关税pass/go through the custom通关用 custom, practice 禾口 habit 填空1）1 have theof gett ing up early.2）It is thefor the Japanese to take off their sho

17、es when they get into a hall.3）Socialdiffer from country to coun try.4）He makes aof cheati ng at exam in ati ons.5）We should paywhe n we import from abroad.17. permissi on n.准许； 许可； 批准give permission （for sth./ sb. to do sth.）准许（某事 /某人干某事） without permissi on 未经许可with on e'spermissio n 经某人的许可ask

18、 sb. for permissi on 请求某人准许 give sb. permissi on to do sth准 许某人做某事 permit vt.&vi.允许；准许 n.许可证；特许证 permit sb. sth/ permit sb to do sth./ permit doing sth18. turn up 1） ap pear 出现；到场他到目前还没有出现。Heso far.2）调大声音，把开大点儿请把火调大一点。Pleasethe fire.相关短语：turn down拒绝 turn off关掉 turn on打开turn out结果是 turn in 上交 tur

19、n to 转向；翻到；求助于19. keep one ' s word守信用，遵守诺言 break one ' s word违背诺言” keep a promise遵 守诺言make a promise 做出承诺 carry out a promise 履行诺言break a promise 违背诺言in a word 简言之in other words换句话说y have a word with sb.与某人交谈.have words with sb. （about sth.）关于某事与某人争吵20. hold one ' s breathfte.g. The gir

20、l held her breath at the sight of the sn ake.take breath 呼吸lose one' s breath毛bout of breath 喘不过气来breathe v. breath n.21. apologize 道歉apologize _to sb for （do ing） sth = say sorry to sb for doing sthe.g. You must apologize to the teacher for being so rude. apology n. make an apologyjo sb for （do

21、 ing） sth.22. wipe （wiped, wiped） vt 擦，擦去wipe off 抹掉，擦掉wipe out消灭；扫除 wipe up 擦干净wipe the words off the blackboard23. remi nd sb. of sth 提醒某人某事remi nd sb. to do sth / remi nd sb. tlat 1）他提醒我那个承诺。He rem in ded me of my promise.2）他提醒我要早起。He remi nded me to get up early.3）他提醒我本应该小心点。He rem in ded that I

22、 should have bee n more careful.24. As Li Fang set off for home, he thought.set off:动身,出发;（侧重去某一个地方）；使（地雷、炸弹）爆炸；e.g. Tom and his father set off for America yesterday.The bomb set off among the crowd.相关短语：set about doi ng sth. =set out to do sth着 手（做某事）语法：情态动词may, might; can, could; will, would; shal

23、l, should; must, n eed, dare, used to, ought to.一、can, could 和 be able to 的用法1. ca n, be able tc都可表示“能力”Can的主语是人或物,be able to的主语是人She can/be able to sing the song in En glish.This machine can make you feel comfortable.2. can只用于现在式和过去式（could）。be able to可以用于各种时态。 we II be able tfinish the work soon./

24、I haven' t been able see the film.could用于表示泛指过去的能力。如：I could read whe n I was four.Although the soldier was badly woun ded, he was able to tell what had happe ned. She ran fast but shecouldn ' t /wasn ' t atatetothe bus.3. 表示特定的某一过去能力或表示成功地做了某事时，只能用 was/were able to 不能用 could。He was able

25、 to flee Europe before the war broke out.He was able to swim halfway before he got tired.4. could不表示时态，表示委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could）。Could I have a look at your notebook?Yes, you can ./No, you can't.5. 表示“惊异，怀疑，不相信”的态度（主要用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中）Can this n ews be true?How can you be so foolish?It can' bte

26、Mary. She has fallen ill.6. 表示推测，译为“可能、或许” ，can常用于否定句（意思是"不可能已经"）和疑 问句；could除用于否定句及疑问句外，还可用于肯定句（意思是"那时可能；本来可 以"）。Linda didn catch the train. She could have caught it.Don't worry. They could have just forgotten to phone.二、may 和 might1. may和might用于一般问句中表示委婉的请求，肯定回答用may否定用mustn&

27、#39;c -May I use your pen cil?-Yes, you may./ No, you mustn'. c2. may和might表示“可能性” ，may/might + v 指现在或将来可能发生的动作 情况。might暗示的可能性更小She may not be working now.John might be at home now.3对过去发生的事情的可能性作出判断用may/might have done用might比用may的可能性更小She may/might have gone to the cinema.They may/might not have

28、 received our telephone.4. may放在句首祈使句，表示祝愿。May you succeed! May God bless you!三、Will 和 would1. will和would表示意愿、意志，可用于各种人称If you wilLhelp me with my En glish, I will be very happy.I promised that I would do my best.2. 在疑问句中,will用于第二人称，表示请求或征求意见，would则语气更委婉Will you tell him the n ews as soon as he come

29、s bac?Would you please speak again more slowly四、shall should 和 ought to1. shall用于第二、三人称表示允诺、警告、命令、决心等。You shall do as I say.（命令）Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow. （允诺）Nothing shall stop me doing it.（决心）2. 在疑问句中，用于第一、三人称，用来表示请求或征求意见。Shall I open the window for you? （征求意见）Shall he fetch so

30、me water for you （请求）3. should常表示劝告、建议、命令，与 ought to意义相近，但ought to多表示责任、义务，语气强烈。在疑问句中通常用should代替ought to。e.g. Young people shouldlear nhow to use computers.Every citizen ought to obey law. You ought not to go.4. should/ought to have done表示责备或批评，意为“本应该做到 但没有做到”， 用于否定则表示“本不该 但” ought to的语气更强烈.You shou

31、ld/ought to have told her the truth earlier.Sheshouldn ' t have lefthout saying a word.五、must 和 have to1. Must用于一般问句中,肯定回答用must否定式用need n'或do n' t havet做“不必”，mustn '表示“禁止，不允许”Must I finish all assignments at a time?Yes, you must./ No, you needn't.You mustn' get down while the

32、 car is still moving.2. 表示“必须”这个意思时，must和have to稍有区别。must着重说明主观看法， have to强调客观需要。另外，have to能用于更多时态。I don' t like this TV set. We must buy a new one.There was no more bus. They had to walk home.3. must表示对某人某事的猜测，作“准是”，“一定”，一般用于肯定句中。对过去发生的事情作肯定判断用 must have do neYou must be the new teacher.He must

33、 be joking. There is nobody here. They must have all gone home.4. Must表示“偏要，硬要”，指做令人不快的事情He must come and worry her with question, just when she was busy cooking the dinner. Of course after I gave her my advice she must go and do the opposite EXERCISES1. -There were already five people in the car bu

34、t they man aged to take me as well.-Ita comfortable journey.()A. can't beB. must n't have bee nC. should n't be D. could n't have bee n2. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but every oneget out.()A. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to3. Petercome with us tonight, but he

35、isn' t very sure.A. must B. can C. may D. will4. - Could I call you by your first n ame?-Yes, you.A. will B. could C. can D. might5. Sorry, I ' m late. Ihave turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A. might B. should C. can D. will6. -Excuse me, but I want to use your compute

36、r to type a report.-Youhave my computer if you don ' t take care of it.A. shan ' t B. might not C. neednD. sho'ld n 't7. With so much work on hand, youto see the game last ni ght.A. mustn ' t go B. could have goneC. shouldn ' t go D. shouldn ' t have gone8. Joh nny, youpl

37、ay with the knife, youhurt yourself. ()A. won't ; can'tB. must n't ; mayC. should n't ; mustD. can't ; would n't9.1 missed the bus, so Igo home on foot.A. mustB. mayC. canD. had to第一单元检测一、选词填空：worldwide/ permissi on/ apologize/ drow n/sad ness/ wipe/weep / forgive/ obvious/ turn up/ keep one ' s word/ hold one ' s breath/ set off/ remindof 1) You shouldn ' t tell such lies.2)