(完整word版)2019年广州中考英语阅读理解

1、2019年广州中考英语阅读理解【考点分析】阅读理解旨在考查学生阅读、理解的能力。近几年来，中考英 语题中的阅读理解材料新颖，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力、 根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，考查学生关注细节的能力 占很大部分。所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意 思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题 或者推断题方面丢分。那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？一、解题思路（一）先读问题，弄清考查要点，以便能带着问题看文章，这样会 心中有数，有的放矢。（二）快速浏览全文，掌握全貌，注意发现与问题有关的信息，如 果时间紧，至少要扫视一下起首段和尾段。再把标题和文章内

2、容结 合起来想一想，这样全文大意便清楚了。此时，不要忙于答题。（三）细读原文，捕捉相关信息词，掌握短文细节内容。这是解题 的关键，应特别注意以下几点：1. 抓住四个“VT和一个”H“，就是边读边用铅笔做些标记，把What （事件），When （时间），Where （地点），Why （原因），How （经过） 划出来。抓住了四个和一个“H”，就抓住了文章的全貌，一 些直接性的问题便可解决。2. 抓住连接词及起关键作用的副词、代词、介词、插入语等。因为 这些词具有因果，让步，递进，转折，指代，列举及承上启下等各 种连接上下文的特殊功能。这对考生分清文章层次，辨明各种关系， 了解人物心理，推断作者意

3、图，进行逻辑推理等手段来分析难点， 都具有举足轻重的作用。3. 注意领会文章的寓意。4. 根据题意，初选答案。这一步须仔细审题，领会测试要求，确 定解题方法。对那些明显的，有把握的题可以断然确定，不必把其 余三个答案再作推敲而浪费时间：有些略难的题，应再查阅短文（不是重读一遍），迅速找出依据，予以排除。常用的解题方法有 如下几种： 直接解题法。即从原文中直接找出答案。 归纳解题法。对于不能从原文屮直接找出答案的可在把握全 文中心和线索的前题下进行概括、归纳得出正确答案。 综合推理法。读者需统观全文，认真分析，综合推理及至计算, 最后归纳出正确答案。题干中有"sugges t,conc

4、lude, cone I us ion, probably,reason, because, according to "等字眼时，属于推斷概括型，考 查内容着眼于全篇，考生应具备一定的分析归纳，推理等逻辑思维 能力。 捕捉关键词。在阅读时应该注意与问题相关的同义词，近义 词，反义词或同位词等信息词来得出正确答案。 转换解题法。即原文这么说，而在问题和所给选项中则用另 外的词去转换一种说法，但仍表示同一含义。 排除法。根据语言，句法结构，信息词和常识，在没有把握 的选项中用排除法得出正确答案。四、重读原文，仔细斟酌核对答案。在解完最后一道题后，如果时 间允许，再将原文读一遍；用全文的

5、主题思想统率各思考题，研究 其內在联系和逻辑关系，目的在于对所做答案进一步审查，推出未 解答的题，以便减少失误。二、题型分类初中英语阅读理解往往有以下三大题型，抓住它的解法和思路，就 可以顺利做好这些题目：（一）选择符合文章的选项（二）判斷正误【典型例题分析】（一）根据内容，从短文后每题的四个选项中选择最佳的一项。Mr Brown first went to look at the underground -fire whe n he was seve n. "Through the hole （洞）in the ear th you could see the orange fi

6、re, but you had to look fast because it was so hot,” said Mr Brown. In 1898, he saw the fi re once more （再一次）Now, we can only see the smoke. The f i re Mr Brown sawi s not the un dergro und - fire. In fac t, t here are 260 coa I （煤）f i res in the wor Id. They are harmfuI （有害）and dangerous. Then how

7、to put them out?Scientists have tr ied to set （放置）f i re toway,underground coaI to speed up （加速）the fires. In thiswould be soonthe burning （燃烧）of underground coa Ifinished.（被烧完）。1. Mr Brown first sawthe underground-fireA. at the age of sevenB.seven years oldC. in the year of 1898D.more than （超过）80ye

8、ars ago2. Mr Brown said thatwe had to takea fast look at thef i re becauseA. it was in the holeB. it was very hotC. it was orangeD. it was harmfuI3.How many coaIf i res are therein the worId?A. There1s only one. B.It's hard to say.C. There are 260.D. The article （文章）doesn't tell us.4. Whas o

9、ne of the best ways to put out （扑灭）the underground fi re?A. To cover （覆盖）the holes with stones （石块）B. To speed up the fi res.C. To see the f i res burning.D. To do some exper iments （试验）5. What is the best title （标题）for the article?A. Watching the Underground 一 Fi reB. A Way to Put Out the CoaI Fi r

10、es.C The Bur ning Ear th.D. Coa I and Coa I Fi res.答案分析1. 在文章的第一段的第一句里可以找到依据。at the age of seven等于when he was seven,故正确答案为A o2. 这一题可以在第一段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答 案为Bo3. 这一题可以在第二段里直接找到答案，属于直接回答题。正确答 案为Co4. 在文章的最后一段提到了扑灭火的最好方法，那就是使火加速燃 烧。正确答案为Bo5. 完成这道题需作一定的归纳，因为文章中没有给出直接的回答。 文章从Mr Brown两次看火，然后说出地下火的危害，最后提

11、出如何 灭火的方法。文章的前两段是给为什么要灭火和如何灭火铺垫，如 何灭火才是文章的中心。故正确答案为Bo（二）根据文章内容判断正误Fred tel ephoned his wife 'T ve got two free tiekets for the theatre tonight, ” he told her "Meet me outside the office We' I I have something to eat and then go on to the theatre. ”Fred' s wife was very pI eased. The

12、y hadn, t been to the theatre for a long time. She met her husband as he told her. They had dinner and got to the theatre just in time.At the entranee Fred took out h i s waI Iet to get the tiekets. "It' s very strange, " he said. “They aren' t here! v “Try your pocketssaid his wif

13、e. But the tiekets weret there, either.Then Fred looked very embarrassed (尴尬). “Whas the matter?” asked his wife. “Well,” Fred said, “I remember what I did with my tiekets. I put them in my bag. But because I wasn t going home, I left it in the office!"()1. One day, Fred was given the tiekets f

14、or thetheatre.()2.Fredand his wife went to the theatre quite often.()3.Fredwanted to meet his wife in a restaurant.()4.Theyreached the theatre neither late nor earIy.()5.ThenFred couldn" t find his tiekets andremembered what he had done with the tiekets.答案分析：1、T 因为第一段中提到Fred told his wife"

15、I' ve got two free tickets" ufreen 此处是免费的意 思。2、F 第二段中提到"They hadn, t been to the theaterfor a long time."3、F 第一段中 Fred 说 “Meet me outside the office. v4、T 第二段中“in time”是及时的意思。5、T结尾处提到的。三. 题材分析（一）家庭、朋友与个人情况在中考阅读理解中，记叙文阅读题目的考查难度逐年增加，多 使用贴近学生生活的素材，多以故事形式出现。针对这种题型主要 抓四大要素，即时间、地点、人物和事件

16、的起因、发展和结果,以 及人物之间的关系，从中分析他们的思想品质、性格特征等；理解 文章大意后，找出关键的句子和一些与考查内容有关的问题所在， 这样，便于我们解题时“顺藤摸瓜"，找出问题的答案。这类阅读一般是对文章理解能力的考查，抓住文章的关键句和 关键词是非常重要的。做题思路：先看清题干，带着问题读文章，明确把握问题指向, 避免“回视”现象，提高做题的速度。例如：1990 was a significant year in worId events. In February,Nelson Mande I a was set free after 27 years in pr i s

17、on. InOctober, East and West Germany became one countryagain. Then at the end of 1990, the WorId Wide Web wasborn. For this final event we have one man to thank, TimBerners Lee, the father of the Web.Berners Lee was born on June 8. 1955 in London,England. His parents, both computer designers, encour

18、aged him to think and work creatively as he grew up. He was an excellent student and naturally took an interest in computers and science.After graduating from Oxford University, Tim went to work at a scienee research centre in Switzerland. There he developed some of the different systems that would

19、later become the Web. The fi rst was HTML, the computer language used to make web pages. The second was an address system that let computers anywhere find each other and send and receive information. In 1990, while still at the scienee centre in SwitzerI and, he put them together to make the f i rst

20、 Internet browser (浏览器).It could run on any computer and a I I owed people to creat website to share thei r information with the rest of the word.Tim knew that the more peopIe used the Web, the more usefuI it would be. He wasn't interested in money but knowI edge, so he gave out h i s invention

21、for free to anyone who was interested. Many were interested and the growth of the Internet began.Today Tim works as a professor at the MIT in America, researching new and interesting ways to use the Web. He has received many awards from governments and organizations for his efforts. He is still not

22、very interested in money. That i s why he i s so admi red by h i s students and workmates. It may a I so be one of the reasons that few people outside the world of technology know hi s name.阅读短文，根据短文内容选择最佳答案。( )1. The under Iined word "significant" (in Paragraph 1) mos t probably me a ns 1

23、1,f.B. terr ibleC. importantA. strangeD. difficult()2. Which of the fol lowing staternents i s true accord ing to the passage?A. The address system was used to make web pages.B. The WorId Wide Web was created i n SwitzerI and.C. The fi rst web browser was very expens i ve to buy.D. Many people could

24、 use the Internet before 1990.()3. What can we I earn about Berners Lee from the passage?A. He was encouraged to be creative.Be He didn't do well at school.C. He is a very poor businessman.D. He is well known a I I over the worId.() 4. Where does Berners Lee Iive today?A. England. B. SwitzerI and. C. Amer ica. D. Canada.(