《欧洲文化入门》复习题

1、 欧 洲 文 化 入 门 I. Complete each of following sentences with the most likely answer.1.（考30题，每题1分）Inthe Roma n conq uered Greece.A. 1200 B. C. B. 700 B. C. C. 146 B. C.Which of the followi ng works described the war led by Agame mnon aga inst the city of TroyA. Oedipus the Ki ng B. Iliad C. Odyssey D. A

2、n tig oneWhich of the followi ng is NOT the plays writte n by AeschylusA. An tig oneB. Agame mnonC. Persia nsD. Prometheus BoundWhich of the followi ng is NOT the plays writte n by SophoclesA. ElectraB. An tig oneC. Troja n Woma nWho was the foun der of scie ntific mathematicsA. Heracleitus B. Arist

3、otle C. SocratesWho is chiefly no ted for his doctri ne thatA. Protagoras11. Who wrote,A. HoraceD. The 5th cen tury2.3.4.5.6.B. Pythagoras C. Pyrrh on“I came, I saw, I conq uered”B. Julius Caesar C. VirgilD. Oedipus the KingD. Pythagoras“ man is the measure of all thingsD. EpicurusD. Marcus Tullius

4、Cicero12. The author of the philosophical poem On the Nature of things isA. Virgil B. Julius Caesar C. Horace D. Lucretius13. Which of the following is not Roman architectureA. The Colosseum B. The Pan the nonC. The Parthe nonD. Pont du Gard14. Who wrote, “ Captive Greece took her rude conq ueror ca

5、ptive”A. Sap phoB. Plato C. Virgil D. Horace15. Which of the followi ng is by far the most in flue ntial in the WestA. Buddism B. IslamismC. Christia nityD. Judaism16. The Old Testament consists of 39 books, the oldest and most important of which are the firstfive books, called.A. ExodusB. Comma ndm

6、e ntsC. AmosD. Pen taeuch19. After thecen tury Nestoria nism reached Chi na.A. sixthB. fifthC. seco ndD. third20. Which of the following emperors made Christianity the official religion of the empire andoutlawed all other religi onsA. Theodosius B. Augustus C. Con sta nti ne I D. Nero Caesar21. Whic

7、h of the following emperors issued the Edict of Milan and made Christianity legal in313A. AugustusB. ThedosiusC. NeroD. Con sta nti ne I22. At the age of 30, Jesus Christ received the baptism at the hands of.A. St. PeterB. St. Paul C. Joh n BaptistD. Joh n Wycliff23. By 1693, the whole of the Bible

8、had been translated inIanguages.A. 228B. 974C. 1202D. 15424. When printing was inven ted in the 1500' s, theBible was the first complete workprin ted.B. LatinD. HebrewC. AramaicA. En glish25. When did the standard American edition of the Revised Version appear A. 1885 B. 1611C. 1901D. 197927. Th

9、e Middle Ages is also called the .A. “Age of Christianity”B. “Age of Literature”C. “Age of Holy Spirit”D. “Age of Faith ”28. According to the code of chivalry, which of the following is not pledged to do for a knightA. To be loyal to his lord B. To fight for the churchC. To obey without question the

10、 orders of the abbotD. To respect women of noble birth29. When was a noble crowned as a knight in the Middle Ages in Western Europe A. At the age of 14.B. When he was taught to say his prayers, learned good manners and ran errands for the ladies.C. At a special ceremony known as dubbing.D. When he w

11、as pledged to fight for the church.30. Under feudalism, what were the three classes of people of western EuropeA. clergy, knights and serfs B. Pope, bishop and peasantsC. clergy, lords and peasants D. knights, nobles and serfs31. By which year the Moslems had taken over the last Christian stronghold

12、 and won the crusades and ruled all the territory in Palestine that the crusaders had fought to controlA. 1270B. 125437. Which of the fol lowing was crownedA. St. Thomas AquinasC. Constantine38. Who is the author of theOpus MaiusC. 1096 D. 1291Emperor of the Romans ” by the Pope in 800B. Charlemagne

13、D. King JamesA. Roger BaconB. Dante AlighieriC. Chaucer D. St. Thomas Aquinas41. Which of the following works is written by Boccaccio D. MosesA. Decameron B. CanzoniersC. David42. Who is the author of the painting, Betrayal of Judas A. Giotto B. Brunelleschi C. Donatello D. Giorgione43. Which of the

14、 following High Renaissance artists is the father of the modern mode of paintingA. Raphael B. TitianC. da VinciD. Michelangelo44. Which of the following High Renaissance artists was best known for his Madona (Virgin Mary)A. Titian B. da Vinci C. Michelangelo D. Raphael45. Which of the following pain

15、tings was based on the story in the Bible with Maria riding on a donkey ready to face the hardship ahead A. Tempesta B. Sacred and Profane LoveC. Flight into EgyptD. The Return of the Hunters52. Which of the following works was written by Rabelais, in which he praises the greatness of man, expresses

16、 his love of love and his reverence and sympathy for humanist learningA. Gargantua and Pantagruel B. Don QuixoteC. The Praise of Folly D. Utopia53. Which of the follo wing works is worth reading for Montaigne' s humanist ideas and a stylewhich is easy and familiar A. Sonnets B. Decameron C. Rabe

17、lais D. Of Repentance54. Which of the following is NOT French writer poet A. Cervantes B. Pierre de Ronsard C. Rabelais D. Montaigne 55.In 1516 who published the first Greek edition of the New TestamentA. Bruegel B. Erasmus C. El Greco D. Rabelais58. The author of The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs

18、is A. KeplerB. Copernicus C. Galileo D. Newton59. Galileo is the greatest name in the physics of the 1th7 century. His telescope magnified objects .A. a thousand times B. a hundred timesC. ten-thousand times D. five-hundred times60. Engels said:“ The revolutionary act by which natural science declar

19、ed its independence was the publication of the immortal work” ,what does the immortal work refer toA. Sidereus NunciusB. New Eassays Concerning Human UnderstandingC. New system of NatureD. The Revolution of the Heavenly Orbs65. and Newton invented independently the differential and integral calculus

20、.A. Descartes B. CopernicusC. LeibnizD. Kepler66. Which of the following works was not written by Francis Bacon A. Essay Concerning Human UnderstandingB. The Novum Organum (New Method)C. The New AtlantisD. The Advancement of Learning67. Which of the following philosophers believed that man is selfis

21、h by nature A. John LockeB. DescartesC. Pierre GassendiD. Thomas Hobbes68.In 1644, John Milton wrote a protest against a parliamentary decree re-imposing complete censorship of the press. This was his best known prose .A. AndromaqueB. AreopagiticaC. Paradise LostD. Paradise Regained69.Which of the f

22、ollowing is NOT the content of the Bill of Rights which limited theSovereign 's power in certain important directions A. Parliament was responsible for all the law making.B. The power of suspending the laws by royal authority was declared to be illegal.C. The King should levy no money at any tim

23、e.D. The King should not keep a standing army in time of peace without consent of Parliament.78. Which of the following artists helped to bring the Roman Baroque style to its climax A. Rube nsB. Borro miniC. CaravaggioD. Berni ni79. Which of the followi ng artists helped to spread the Baroque style

24、to North EuropeA. Rube nsB. VelazquezC. Borro miniD. Berni ni80. In painting of the 17th century, who won international fame and his style is basically classical,his figures are froze n and their actio n stiffA. Christopher Wren B. Rembra ndtC. Poussin D. Rubbe nsII. Fill in the following blanks.（考

25、10 空，每空 1 分）1. European culture is made up of many elements, two of these elements are considered to be more en duri ng and they are the Greco-Roma n eleme nt and the Judeo-Christia n eleme nt.2. The three great tragic dramatists of ancient Greece are Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides.3. To illust

26、rate the principle of the level, Archimedes is said to have told the king:“ Give me aplace to sta nd, and I will move the world.”4. In the 4 century, the emperor Constantine moved the capital from Rome to Byzantium, renamed it Constantinople （ modern Istanbul ）.5. She-wolf is the statue which illust

27、rates the lege nd of creati on of Roma n.6. Among all the religions by which people seek to worship, Christianity is by far the most in flue ntial in the West.7. The Bible is a collect ion of religious writi ngs compris ing two parts: the Old Testame nt and the New Testame nt.8. In European history,

28、 the thousand year period following the fall of the West Roman Empire in the fifth cen tury is called the Middle Ages.9. As a knight, he was pledged to protect the weak, to fight for the church, to be loyal to his lord and to respect women of noble birth. These rules were known as code of chivalry,

29、from which the western idea of good manners developed.10. Un der feudalism, people of Western Europe were main ly divided in to three classesicgy, lords and peasants.11. To express their religious feelings, many people in the Middle Ages went on journeys to sacred places where early Christia n leade

30、rs had lived. The most importa nt of all was Jerusalem.12. Beowulf is an Anglo-Sexon epic, in alliterative verse, originating from the collective efforts of oral literature.13. Loenardo da Vinci' s major wdnOsi: Supper is the most famous of religious pictures;Mona Lisa probably is the world '

31、; s most famous portrait.14. The Reformation led by Martin Luther which swept over the whole of Europe was aimed at opposing the absolute authority of the Roman Catholic Church and replacing it with the absolute authority of the Bible.15. Cervantes crow ned literature of Spa in an d Shakespeare of E

32、n gla nd duri ng the Ren aissa nee.16. The Puritan Movement was the religious cause of the English Revolution.17. Corneille, Racine, and Moliere are the three major dramatists of the French neoclassicism inthe 17th cen tury.III. Decide whether the following statements are true or false.（考 10 题，每题 1

33、分）1. Dioge nes is chiefly no ted for his doctri ne that“ man is the measFre of all things.2. Sappho was considered the most important lyric poet of ancient Greece. T3. Venus de Milo was discovered in the island of Milo in 1920. F4. Roman law eventually became the core of modern civil and commercial

34、law in manyWester n coun tries. T5. The Roma ns greatly admired Greek works and freely borrowed from them. And besides being profound, powerful and beautiful, their own writings showed little originality. F6. After 392 A.D., Christianity had changed from an object of oppression to a weapon in thehan

35、ds of the ruli ng class to crush their opp onen ts. T7. The Bible is much more than a religious book; it is really an encyclopedia: history, literature, philosophy and record of great min ds. T8. The Old Testament was originally written in Hebrew, the New Testament in a popular formof Lati n.F9. Dur

36、ing the Medieval times there was no central government to keep the order. The onlyorganization that seemed to unite Europe was feudalism. F10. Some of the hermits were great scholars known as“ Father of the Church ” , whose wgen erally con sidered orthodox.T11. Charlemag ne wan ted to rule as the em

37、perors of Rome had done in an cie nt times and eve ntually was crow ned “ Emperor of the Roma ns ” by himselfFi n 800.12. Where the impact with Italy was most strongly felt in fine arts, in France it was literature and in En gla nd it was philosophy and drama. T13. After Reformation, in religion, Pr

38、otestantism brought into being different forms ofChristia nity to challe nge the absolute rule of the Roma n Catholic Church. T14. The Cartesia n doubt is summarized in his motto:“I doubt, therefore I think: I think ,therefore I am. T15. Baroque art, flourished first in Spain was characterized by dr

39、amatic in ten sity and sen time ntal appeal with a lot of emphasis on light and color. F16. The designing and building of St. Paul' s Cathedral is the Iandmark in French architecture.F17. The three composers of the classical music , Bach ,Hayd n and Mozart are known as the Vienn ese School. F18.

40、 The representatives of the Later Romantics in music are Berlioz, Liszt, Wagner, Verdi,Brahms, and Tchaikovsky. T19. As Isaac Newt on domin ated 1'7h-ce ntury scie nee with his discovery of the laws gover ning the bodies of the uni verse, so Charles Darwin domin ated 18-ce nturyscie nee, for he

41、discovered the laws gover ning the evoluti on of man himself. F20. Black humor is a kind of desperate humor. It is the laughteat tragic things. Man' s fate isdecided by comprehensible powers. We can ' t do anything about it, therefore we may as well laugh.FIV. Explain the following terms in

42、English.（考 3 个名词，每词 10 分）1. Humanism -Broadly, this term suggests any attitude, which tends to exalt the human element or stress the importa nee of huma n in terests, as opposed to the super natural, divine elemembr as opposed to the grosser, animal elements. In a more specific sense, humanism sugge

43、sts a devotion to those studies supposed to promote huma n culture most effecti vein particular, those dealing with the life, thought, language and literature of ancient Greece and Rome. In literary of classical culture that accompa nied the Ren aissa nee.2. Enlightenment -The En lighte nment was an

44、 in tellectual moveme nt orig in at ing in Fran ce, which attracted widespread support among the ruli ng and in tellectual classes of Europe and North America in the second half of the 18 century. It characterizes the efforts by certain European writers to use critical reas on to free minds from pre

45、judice, un exam ined authority and oppressi on by church or State. Therefore, the En lighte nment is sometimes called the Age of Reas on.3. Neo-classicism -It was initiated by Dryden, culminated in Pope and continued by Johnson. Neo-classicists modeled themselves on classical, ancient Greek and Lat

46、in authors. They wan ted to achieve perfect form in literature. They general tended to look at social and political life critically. They emphasize on intellect rather than imagination. They observed fixed laws and rules in literary creation. Poets preferred heroic couplet. In drama, they adhered to

47、 three unities, time, place and action. They emphasized on the didactic function of literature.4. Calvi nism -The French theologian put his thoughts in his Institutes of the Christian Religion, which was known as Calvini sm. Calvinism rejected the papal authorities and stressed the absolute authority of God&