物流英语 unit 2Supply Chain Management

1、Unit 2Supply Chain ManagementKey wordsglobalization 全球化全球化distribution 分发，分配分发，分配warehousing 仓储仓储outsourcing strategy 外包战略外包战略infrastructure 公共建设，基础建设公共建设，基础建设shipment 装船，出货装船，出货regional 地区性的，地域性的地区性的，地域性的RFID 电子标签电子标签New words and termsextended 伸出的，延长的，长期的伸出的，延长的，长期的automatically 无意识地，机械地，自动地无意识地，机

2、械地，自动地chain 链，连锁，束缚链，连锁，束缚pharmaceutical 强制使用，征用，命令征用强制使用，征用，命令征用integrate 整合，使整合，使成整体成整体deliver 投递，传送，运送投递，传送，运送expertise 专长，专门知识和技术专长，专门知识和技术generate 造成，引起造成，引起barcode 条码条码associated 联合的联合的interchangeable 可互换的可互换的coordinate 协调，调节，使调和协调，调节，使调和asset 资源资源infrastructure 基础结构基础结构in terms of 依据依据researc

3、h and development 研究与开发研究与开发The Role of Supply Chain Management The supply chain is the linked activities associated with providing material from the raw material stage to the end of user as a finished good. The supply point is a location where suppliers, services and materials are located and issue

4、d. The supply chain management(SCM) is the process of planning , implementing, and controlling the operations of the supply chain as efficiently as possible. The term the supply chain management was coined by the consultant, Keith Oliver, of strategy consulting firm Booz Allen Hamilton in 1982.Who w

5、as the first one using the term the supply chain management ? The definition one American professional association put forward is that SCM encompasses the planning and management of all activities involved in sourcing, procurement, conversion, and logistics management activities. Some experts distin

6、guish SCM from logistics, while others consider the terms to be interchangeable. It is only few years that the firms have started to focus on logistics and SCM as a source of competitive advantage. There is a realization that no company can do better than its logistics system, which becomes even mor

7、e important given that product life cycles are shrinking and competition is intense. Logistics and SCM today represents great challenge as well as tremendous opportunity for most firms. The purpose is to improve trust and collaboration among supply chain partners, thus improving inventory visibility

8、 and improving inventory velocity.Whats the purpose of SCM? SCM network includes all the companies involved in all the upstream and down stream flows of products, services, finances, and information from the initial supplier to the ultimate customer. Although many companies and corporations today ar

9、e not just national or regional scale but also global scale, none of them can control the entire supply chain. Since no existing company have the ability to control every link from raw material extraction to consumer.Components and Functions of Supply Chain Management The ultimate is to reduce inven

10、tory(with the assumption that products are available when needed).What is the ultimate goal of any effective SCM system? How many kinds can supply chain management flows be divided into? The product flow The information flow The finance flow The product flow includes the movement of goods from the s

11、upplier to the customer, as well as any customer returns or service needs. The information flow involves transmitting order and updating the status of delivery. The finance flow consists of credit terms, payment schedules, and consignment and title ownership arrangement.5 basic components of SCMPlan

12、 This is the strategic portion(战略部分战略部分) of SCM. A big piece of planning is developing a set of metrics(指标指标) to monitor the supply chain so that it is efficient(高效高效), costs less and delivers(提供提供) high quality and value to customers.Source Choose the suppliers that will deliver the goods and servi

13、ces you need to create your product.Make This is the manufacturing step. Schedule the activities necessary for production, testing, packaging and preparation for delivery.Deliver This is the part that many insiders (业内人士业内人士) refer to as logistics. Coordinate the receipt(收据收据) of orders from custome

14、rs, develop a network of warehouse, pick carriers(运输公司运输公司) to get products to customers and set up an invoicing system(发票制度发票制度) to receive payments.Return The problem part of the supply chain. Create a network for receiving defective (次品次品)and excess products(过剩产品过剩产品) back from customers and supp

15、orting customers who have problems with delivered products. The function of SCM is to design and manage the processes, assets, and flows of material and information required to satisfy customers demands. On the revenue side the supply chain decisions have a direct impact on the market penetration an

16、d customer service. Economy globalization and electronic commerce have heightened the strategic importance of SCM and created new opportunities for using supply chain strategy and planning as a competitive tool. Moreover combination of enterprise information infrastructure and the internet has paved

17、 the way for a variety of supply chain optimization technologies.The objectives of this course To develop an understanding of key drivers of supply chain performance and their inter-relationships with strategy and other functions of the company such as marketing, manufacturing and accounting. To imp

18、art analytical (分析的分析的)and problem solving skills necessary to develop solutions for a variety of supply chain management and design problems and develop an understanding for use of information technology in supply chain optimization. To develop the ability to incorporate B2B and B2C electronic commerce in supply chain design and optimization. B2B:企业对企业的电子商务模式（企业对企业的电子商务模式（business to business） B2C:企业对消费者的电子商务模式（企业对消费者的电子商务模式（Business to Customer） To understand the complexity of inter-firm and intra-firm coordination in implementing pro