牛津8A unit8 grammar

1、Step 1 Free talk1.What was Timmy doing when the earthquake started?2.What were people doing while pieces of glasses were falling down?3.What was Timmy doing when he heard some noise above him?He was sleeping.People were running in all directions.He was trying to find his way out.Tomplayfootball.isin

2、gLucy isreada book.ingWhat is Tom doing?What is Lucy doing?Step 2 Presentation(1):Present continuous tensebe (am/is/are) + verb-ingTomplayfootball.wasingLucy was reada book.ingWhat was Tom doing at that moment? 在那时在那时What was Lucy doing at 2:30 p.m. yesterday?What were they doing at that time?They w

3、ere having an English lesson at that time.What was the boy doing at 3:00 p.m. yesterday ? He was cleaning the blackboard at 3:00 p.m yesterday.yesterdayWhat were you doing then ?What was the bird doing at 3:00 p.m. yesterday? It was singing .What was the boy doing at 6:00 a.m. the day before yesterd

4、ay?He was drinking milk at 6:00 a.m. the day before yesterday.the day before yesterdayWhat was the girl doing ? She was reading English from 5:00 p.m. to 6:00 p.m. last Tuesday.last TuesdayWhat were they doing at this time yesterday?They were talking with each other at this time yesterday.this time

5、yesterdayThe Past Continuous Tense (过去进行时过去进行时) 基本结构基本结构:was/wereWe use “was+ -ing” with the pronouns(代词代词) _,_,_and _. We use “were+ -ing” with the pronouns (代词代词) _, _ and _. I was, you wereWas follows he and she.Dont forget they and we.They were, we were.We can use was and were.Past continuous te

6、nse be (was/were) + verb-ing1)过去进行时主要表示在过去某一时刻正过去进行时主要表示在过去某一时刻正 在进行的动作。在进行的动作。e.g. a) They were eating breakfast at 7:00 am yesterday. b) I was writing a letter at this time yesterday.2. 在过去某段时间一直在进行的动作在过去某段时间一直在进行的动作e.g. a) From 1983 to 1998, he was teaching at school. b) They were building a brid

7、ge last winter.Step3 conclusion(1)常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：then last night, last Saturdayat 8:00 yesterday morning at this time yesterdayfrom 8 to 9 last night at that time 等过去某一具体的时间或某一段时等过去某一具体的时间或某一段时间连用间连用.表示在过去某一具体的时间或某一段时间内正在表示在过去某一具体的时间或某一段时间内正在进行的动作进行的动作或者与或者与when, while, as引导的过去时间状语引

8、导的过去时间状语连用。连用。at this time yesterdayat 10 a.m. this morningat 7:00 a.m this morningfrom 4 to 5 last Sundayat 8:00 last nightWas he watching TV yesterday morning?No, he wasnt. He wasnt watching TV.A: What was he doing yesterday morning?B: He was reading newspapers.Was he reading newspapers yesterday

9、morning?Yes, he was.Step5Presentation(2):Was she talking at that time?No, she wasnt. She was not talking at that time.What was she doing at that time?She was playing computer games.Was she playing computer games at that time?Yes, she was.No, they werent.They were not playing football.Were they playi

10、ng football?What were they doing at this time last Sunday?They were playing basketball Were they playing basketball ?Yes,they were.Was it dancing at 3:00 p.m. yesterday?No, it wasnt. It wasnt dancing.Was it singing at 3:00 p.m. yesterday?Yes, it was.Were you doing morning exercises at 9a.m.last Frid

11、ay?Yes, we were.Was I doing morning exercises at 9 a.m. last Friday? No, you werent.You werent doing morning exercises at 9a.m.last Friday. 过去进行时的句式过去进行时的句式1)基本结构：基本结构：2) 肯定句肯定句:3) 否定句：否定句：was/were + Ving主语主语 + was/ were + Ving主语主语+was/were not + Vingwas not = wasntwere not = werent4) 疑问句：疑问句：5) 特殊疑

12、问句：特殊疑问句：Was/Were+主语主语+ Ving？特殊疑问词特殊疑问词 + was/were +主语主语 + Ving ?Step6 conclusion(2)Was it.?Step 7:Was he.?Were they?Was he.?Were they?Was she.?1 was reading 2 were doing3 was having 4 was walking 5 Were waiting6 was ringingStep 9:language points My dads car broke down because of the cold weather. 因

13、为天气冷，因为天气冷， 我爸爸的车坏了。我爸爸的车坏了。 break 动词动词 “破坏，毁坏破坏，毁坏” break down在本句中意为在本句中意为 “坏掉坏掉”1.The old computer _(break) down easily, so I had to restart it again and again.broke2.because of 的用法的用法because of意为由于，是介词短语，后接名词意为由于，是介词短语，后接名词代词代词 动名词动名词 在句中做原因状语。在句中做原因状语。because用作连词，后跟表示用作连词，后跟表示“原因原因”的句子。的句子。Eg: H

14、e lost his job _his age.because of 多么可怕的一场暴风多么可怕的一场暴风雪啊！雪啊！ 走向公共汽车站走向公共汽车站 看见你和你的父母亲看见你和你的父母亲正站在路边正站在路边 等公共汽车等公共汽车 坏了坏了 因为天气冷因为天气冷 打电话叫人来帮忙打电话叫人来帮忙 What a terrible snowstorm! walk to the bus stop3.see you and your parents standing on the side of the road.4.wait for the bus5.break down6.because of th

15、e cold weather7.ring someone to come and help用括号内词的适当形式填空用括号内词的适当形式填空 What _you _(do) at this time yesterday. He _(watch) TV from 8p.m. to 10p.m. I _(play) piano. 3. John _(fly) kites in the park at 9a.m. yesterday morning. 4.Sandy _(call) Daniel at that time 5.He _(read) while his brother _(watch)

16、TV. 6.They _ (chat) when their teacher _(come) into the classroom.weredoingwas watchingwas playingwas flyingwas callingwas readingwas watchingwere chattingcamemake a snowman, play cards, do some cooking, watch TV, do some shopping- Grammar (2) using “ when while and as”What was the rabbit doing just

17、 now?What was the pig doing just now?He was jumping just now.He was dancing just now.The rabbit was jumping _the pig was dancing.Look at the pictures and answer the questions. whileThe worm was eatingThe dog was reading.What was the worm doing?What was the dog doing?The worm was eating _the dog was

18、reading.whileThe worm was eating while the dog was reading.Two long actions went on at the same time.The rabbit was jumping while the pig was dancing.1. 当连接同时发生的两个延续性长动作时，常当连接同时发生的两个延续性长动作时，常用用while引导。引导。 延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别：延续性动词与短暂性动词的区别： 按动词延续的时间长短，可将动词分为按动词延续的时间长短，可将动词分为延续性动词和短暂性动词。延续性动词和短暂性动词。 延续性动词

19、如延续性动词如learn, study, work, play, wait等。等。 短暂性动词是非延续性动词，即动作一开短暂性动词是非延续性动词，即动作一开始便结束的动词，又可称结束性动词，瞬始便结束的动词，又可称结束性动词，瞬间动词，如间动词，如come, go, begin, start, become, join, end, die, buy, arrive, reach, borrow, lend, get to know等等。The rabbit was jumping while the pig was dancing. The worm was eating while the

20、dog was reading.While the pig was dancing, the rabbit was jumping.While the dog was reading, the worm was eating.同义句转换同义句转换注意：注意：while引导的从句谓语动词必须是延续的。引导的从句谓语动词必须是延续的。强调某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生，强调某个动作正在进行时，另一个动作突然发生，常用常用“过去进行时过去进行时+when+一般过去时一般过去时”当开始下雨时，我正在睡觉。当开始下雨时，我正在睡觉。I was sleeping when it started t

21、o rain.When it started to rain, I was sleeping.当地震开始时候我正在购物。当地震开始时候我正在购物。I was shopping when the earthquake started.When the earthquake started, I was shopping.2.如果延续性的动作是主句时，如果延续性的动作是主句时，且主从句动作且主从句动作先后先后发生发生时时我们经常用我们经常用when 来连接。来连接。3. 如果短暂性的动作是主句时，如果短暂性的动作是主句时，主句、从句动作主句、从句动作同时发生同时发生且从句是且从句是延续性动词延续性

22、动词时，时，我们可以用我们可以用when, while 或或 as 引导。引导。1.正当米莉正在看电视时候，安迪走进了房间。正当米莉正在看电视时候，安迪走进了房间。 Andy came into the room_Millie was watching TV .When/while/as Millie was watching TV, Andy came into the room. 2. 正当他们闲聊时，突然听到了一声像打雷似的巨响。正当他们闲聊时，突然听到了一声像打雷似的巨响。They suddenly heard a big noise like thunder _they were c

23、hatting with each other.When/while/as they were chatting with each other, they suddenly heard a big noise like thunder when/while/aswhen/while/as注：当一个短暂性动作发生的同时伴注：当一个短暂性动作发生的同时伴随着一个延续性的动作，这时我们通随着一个延续性的动作，这时我们通常用常用_ 表示延续性的动作，表示延续性的动作，用用_ 来表示短暂性的动作。来表示短暂性的动作。过去进行时来过去进行时来一般过去时一般过去时Andy came into the ro

24、om _Millie sat down on the sofaAs Millie sat down on the sofa, Andy came into the room.as4. 如果两个短暂性的动作如果两个短暂性的动作同时发生同时发生，我，我 们通常用们通常用as 连接。连接。The weather got worse_the days went on。 as从句动作表示主句动作发生的背景或条件，意为从句动作表示主句动作发生的背景或条件，意为 “随着随着”while, when and as 都表示都表示“当当的时候的时候”。判断正误：判断正误： When/As he woke up,

25、it was eight oclock.( ) While he woke up, it was eight oclock.( ) When/While/ As I was waiting for a bus, I met her.( )总结：总结：1.when和和as既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段既可以指某一点时间，也可以指某一段时间。其从句既可以是瞬间的，也可以是延续的。时间。其从句既可以是瞬间的，也可以是延续的。2.While指指一段时间，从句谓语动词必须是延续的。一段时间，从句谓语动词必须是延续的。3.指指一段时间一段时间when while as均可，指一点时间只能用均可，指一点

26、时间只能用when ,as.1.当我到达博物馆时，门已经关了。当我到达博物馆时，门已经关了。_I got to the museum, the door was closed.2.当他完成了他的家庭作业之后，他玩了一会电脑。当他完成了他的家庭作业之后，他玩了一会电脑。_he finished his homework, he played the computer games for a while.3.当我睡觉时，门铃响了。当我睡觉时，门铃响了。_I was sleeping, the telephone rang.总结总结1. When引导的从句谓语动词在主句谓语动词引导的从句谓语动词在主

27、句谓语动词_发生。发生。2. While 和和as引导的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作引导的谓语动作必须是和主句谓语动作_发生。发生。When( got to后发生后发生)When（ finished先发生先发生 ）While As/ When（was sleeping和和rang同时发生）同时发生）之前，之后或同时之前，之后或同时同时同时1.当连接同时发生的两个延续性长动作时，常用当连接同时发生的两个延续性长动作时，常用_引导。引导。People were running in all directions _pieces of glass and bricks were falling do

28、wn.2. 如果短暂性的动作是主句时，主句、从句动作如果短暂性的动作是主句时，主句、从句动作同时同时发生发生且从句是延续性动词时，我们可以用且从句是延续性动词时，我们可以用_引导。引导。 I suddenly heard some noise above me _I was trying to find my way out. 3. 如果延续性的动作是主句时，且主从句动作如果延续性的动作是主句时，且主从句动作先后发生先后发生时时我们经常用我们经常用_ 来连接。来连接。 I was sleeping _the earthquake started.4. 如果两个短暂性的动作同时发生，我如果两个短

29、暂性的动作同时发生，我 们通常用们通常用_ 连接。连接。whilewhilewhen, while 或或 aswhen/while/ aswhenwhenasPlaying in the snowSome Class 1, Grade 8 students went to play in the snow. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in blanks. Use when, while and as to connect the sentences._ Simon _ (arrive), Amy _ (get) some snow from the ground. 2. _ Suzy and Kitty _ (build) a snowman, Millie _ (take) photos.3. Daniel _ (fall) over _ he _ (make) a bi