2019高考英语二轮复习600分策略专题4语法填空和短文改错第2讲语法填空素能强化

1、真题题组1(2017 全国I)There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt.This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)_1 丄_as a method of fightingheart disease , has had some unintended side2. effects_(effect) such as overweight and heart disease

2、 the very thing the medical community was trying tofight.Fat and salt are very importa nt parts of a diet. They are required _3. to_process (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.Whenfat and salt _4. are removed_ (remove) from food , the foodtas

3、tes as if it is missing something. As _5. a_ result_, people will eat more foodto try to make up for that something missing. Even _6. worse_ (bad), the amountof fast food that people eat goesup. Fast food _7. is_ (be) full of fat andsalt ;by _8. eating _ (eat) more fast food people will get more sal

4、t and fat than they n eed in their diet.Having eno ugh fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to sn ack(吃点心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be _9. careful(care) not to go to extremes. Like anything , it is possible to have too much of both , _10. which is not

5、good for the health.文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了一种低脂肪、低盐的饮食趋势及其对人们健 康的影响。? 解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处在句中作状语，表示“作为一种抵御心 脏病的方式”，所以填as，意为“作为”。? 解析：考查名词复数。这种趋势产生了一些意想不到的副作用。根据空前的“ some及空后的“ such as overweight and heart disease”可知，此处指不止一种副作用，故用名词复数形式 effects。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。be required to do sth.为固定用法。? 解析：考查时态和语态。本文的主体时态为

6、一般现在时，此处亦应用一般现在时；又 fat and salt 是动词 remove 的承受者，应用被动语态。所以此处填are removed。? 解析：考查冠词。as a result为固定搭配，意为“结果”。语法填空!素能强化ClANO HUT2? 解析：考查比较级。短语 even worse 意为更糟糕的是，表示意义的递进。故用 worse。?解析：考查时态和主谓一致。此处是对客观情况的描述，应用一般现在时；分析句 子结构可知，该句缺少谓语动词，又因主语为fast food ，故填 is。?解析：考查非谓语动词。介词by 后跟名词、代词或动名词作宾语，故填eating。? 解析：考查形容

7、词。此处为形容词作表语，故填careful 当心的”构成系表结构。C0 解析：考查关系代词。分析句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，空处指代前句的内容，且在从句中作主语，故填关系代词which。2(2016 全国I)Chen gdu has doze ns of new millio naires , Asia s biggest build ing , and fancy new hotels. Butfor tourists like me, pan das are its top _1. attraction_ (attract).So it was a great honour to

8、 be in vited backstage at the not for profit PandaBase, where ticket money helps pay for research , I _2. was allowed. (allow)to get up close to these cuteanimals at the 600 acre centre. From tomorrow , I will be their UKambassador. The title will be _3.officially(official) given to meat a ceremonyi

9、n London. But my connection with pan das goes back _4. to_ my days on a TV show in the mid 1980s, _5. when_ I was the first Western TV reporter 6. permitted (permit) to film a special un it cari ngfor pan das rescued from starvati on in the wild. Myambassadorial duties will include _7. introducing(i

10、ntroduce)British visitorsto the 120 plus pan das at Chen gdu and others at a research centre in the mistymountains of Bife ngxia.On myrecent visit , I held a lively three month old twin that had been rejected by _8. its (it)mother. The nursery team switches him every few 9. days (day) with his siste

11、r so that while one is beingbottle fed , _10. the other is withmun she n ever suspects.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的成都之旅及其与大熊猫之间的故事。? 解析：考查词性转换。但对于像我一样的游客，熊猫是成都最吸引人的事物。由形容词性物主代词 its 以及形容词 top 可知此处应该填动词 attract的名词形式 attraction ,意为“向往之地，有吸引力的事”。? 解析：考查时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，主语I 与动词 allow 之间存在被动关系，且前一句的was表明此处应用一般过去时，故

12、填was allowed。? 解析：考查词性转换。修饰动词应该用副词，所以填 officially 。3? 解析：考查介词。go back to 是固定搭配，意为追溯到”。? 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处在此引导定语从句，且在从句中作 时间状语，故填关系副词whe n。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，permit 与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系， 故填过去分词 permitted 作后置定语，相当于 that/who was permitted。?解析：考查非谓语动词。动词in elude后需跟动名词作宾语，所以此空填in troduc ing。? 解析：考查代词。由语境

13、及后面的名词 mother 可知，此空应该填 it 的形容词性物 主代词 its。? 解析：考查名词。由few 修饰可数名词复数可知，此空填 days。every few days是“每隔几天”的意思。1J0 解析：考查冠词。这里考查的是one. . . the other.这一固定搭配，意为“一个另一个”。3(2017 浙江卷)Last October , while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a han dful ofsmall _1. carrots(carrot) and was about

14、 to throw them away. Butsomething madeher look closer , and she noticed a _2. shiny/shining(shine) object.Yes, there beneath the leafy top of one tiny carrot was her long lost wedding ring.Pahlsson screamed _3. so loudly that her daughter camerunning from the house. “She thought Ihad hurt _4. mysel(

15、I)，” says Pahlsson.Sixteen years _5. earlier (early) , Pahlsson had removed the diamond ring _6. to cook_ (cook) ameal. When she wan ted to put the ring back on later , it was gone. She suspected that one of her threedaughters then ten , eight , and six had picked it up, but the girls said they had

16、nt. Pahlss on andher husba nd _7. searched(search)the kitchen , checking every corner , but turned up nothing. “ I gave up hope of finding my ringagain , ” she says. She never replaced it.Pahlss on and her husba nd now think the ring probably got _8. swept_ (sweep)into a pile of kitchen rubbish and

17、was spread over the garden , _9. where_ it remained until the carrot s leafy top accidentally sprouted (生长)through it. For Pahlsson , its retur n was _10. a wonder.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。丢失多年的钻戒竟然在主人打理花园时不经意地出现了。这多么令人激动啊！4? 解析：考查名词复数。a handful of 一把，几个，后接可数名词的复数形式。a handfulof carrots几个胡萝卜。解析：考查词性转换之动词变为形容词。空

18、格处修饰名词 object ,故用形容词。shine的形容词形式为 shiny 或 shining，意为闪闪发光的”。? 解析：考查副词。分析句子结构可知，so 与后面的 that 构成句型 so. . . that., 意为如此 以至于.”。.so 修饰副词 loudly。? 解析：考查反身代词。句意为“她原本以为我伤到了自己”。? 解析：考查副词的比较级。sixteen years earlier 意为“早在 16 年前”。? 解析：考查非谓语动词之动词不定式。莉娜当时摘掉钻戒的目的是做饭，故用动词 不定式表目的。? 解析：考查时态。该句中 but 后的 turned up 使用了过去式，

19、search 是与之并列的 谓语动词，故也应使用过去式。? 解析：考查 get done 结构。get swept “被扫掉”。? 解析：考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知， 空格处所在的句子是定语从句，修饰前面的先行词 the garden，且从句缺少地点状语，故用where 引导该定语从句。解析：考查冠词。a wonder 个奇迹。4(2015 全国I)Yangshuo, ChinaIt was raining lightly whe n I _1. arrived (arrive) in Yan gshuo just beforedawn. But I didn t care. A

20、few hours _2. before/earlier_ , I d been at home inHong Kong, with _3. its_ (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh ,even with the rain.I d skipped nearby Guilin , a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops anddark waters of the Li River _4. that/which_ are pictured

21、by artists in so many Chin ese _5. pain ti ngs(pain ti ng). In stead, I d headed straight forYangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin , it s only an hour away 6. by car and offers all the scenery of thebetter known city.Yan gshuo _7. is (be) really beautiful. A study of travelers 8. con ducted (conduct

22、) by the websiteTripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fastbecoming a popular weekend destinationfor peoplein Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it 9. regularly (regular) arrangesquick getaways here for people 10. liv

23、ing(live) in Shanghai5and Hong Kong.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者到中国阳朔游玩的经历和感受。? 解析：句意：就在天亮之前我到了阳朔，天下着小雨。根据前后句时态可知用一般过去时。? 解析：句意：几个小时前，我还在香港的豕里。注意不可以用ago。? 解析：句意：带着窒息的烟雾。后面为名词，故用its。? 解析：句意：漓江被许多艺术家所绘画。考查定语从句。先行词为Li River，在从句中作主语。? 解析：句意：在如此多的中国绘画中。pa in ti ng 为可数名词，注意用复数形式。? 解析：句意：乘汽车只需要 1 个小时。by car 乘汽车

24、。? 解析：句意：阳朔真的很漂亮。这里用一般现在时。? 解析：句意：一项网站所进行的调查。过去分词作后置定语，表示被动关系。? 解析：句意：定期为人们安排这里适合旅行的地方。用副词修饰动词。解析：句意：住在上海和香港的人们。现在分词作后置定语。模拟题组(2018 洛阳市一模)The Palace Museum , known as the Forbidden City , is the _1. largest (large) and most well _2.reserved,(reserve) imperial(皇帝的)reside nee in Chi na today.It is div

25、ided into an outer and an inner court with a recta ngular shape,961 meters long from n orth tosouth and 753 meters in _3. width_ (wide) from east to west.It has a splendid history since the Ming Dynasty , and it 4. was rebuilt (rebuild) and repaired many timesin the past. I was so excited to visit i

26、t _5. with_ myfamily last summervacation. After wepassed throughthe Front Gate, a lot of palaces appeared. The tour guide told us there were almost 8,700 rooms in thePalace Museum. Duringthe Mi ng Dy nasty , con struction began in 1406. _6. It_ took 14 years to build theForbidde n City. I was _7. re

27、ally (real) surprised that the workers could buildit so well _8. thateve n today it is not out of style. I could not remember allthe names of the buildings, but I took hundreds of beautiful _9. photos _ (photo)on the way. I think I will never forget the _10. amazing (amaze) trip I had inBeijing , Ch

28、ina and I can go there next time with my friends.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者作为游客介绍了自己的故宫之行，并表达了自己对这次行程难以忘怀的心情以及希望和朋友再次参观的愿望。? 解析：考查形容词最高级。被称为紫禁城的故宫是中国现存最大、保存最完整的皇 家宫殿。根据6空前的the ”及空后的andmost”可知， 此处应用形容词最高级形式。 故用 large 的最高级 largest。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。reserve 和它所修饰的名词reside nee 之间是逻辑上的动7? 解析：考查词性转换。in 是介词，故应用名词 width。?

29、解析：考查动词的时态和语态。rebuild 和主语 it 之间是被动关系；根据时间状语 in the past可知，此处应用一般过去时，故应填 was rebuilt。? 解析：考查介词。和家人一块儿参观故宫使作者感觉很兴奋。表示“和一起”应用介词 with。? 解析：考查固定句型。“It takes sb. time to do sth.”为固定句型，意为“花费某人多长时间做某事”，故此处应用It 作形式主语。? 解析：考查副词。此处修饰形容词 surprised ，应用副词，故用really。? 解析：考查连词。工人们将它建得如此好以至于现在它仍然没有过时。so.that. “如此以至于”

30、为固定结构，其中that 为连词，引导从句，故此处应用that。? 解析：考查名词复数。hundreds of 后面用可数名词复数形式，故用photos。解析：考查形容词。trip 是名词，表事物，应该用形容词修饰，故用amazing “令人惊奇的”。2(2018 山西省八校第一次联考)A group of stude nts ranging from Years 9 to 13 are ben efit ing from a schedulewhich is run by the Confucius Institute (孑 L 子学院)at Newcastle University , w

31、hichaims _1. to build_ (build) closer academic , cultural and social ties between China and the North Eastof En gla nd.Staff at the institutework _2. patiently_(patient)with schools and the otherday the pupils took part in weekly after school sessions with teacher Qiang Xingdi3. who/that gave them a

32、n in troduct ion to the Chin ese Ian guage and culture.Already the pupils 4. have been awarded(award) certificatesof achievementfrom the institute. They are making rapid progress in learning Chinese now. Adamsaid , “ I have alwayshad an in terest _5. in Chin ese culture and this course has bee na gr

33、eat way to teach me all about it.”Con fuciusIn stitutesare worldwide non profit publicin stituti ons_6.desig ned. (desig n) by the Chin ese gover nment to promote its Ian guage and culture宾关系，此处表示“保存最完整的”，故应用过去分词reserved 作定语。8through teachi ng _7. plans(pla n) and cultural excha nges.The Confucius I

34、nstituteat the university was set up in 2013, and it is 8. thefirst one in the North East.Student Voice 9. said (say) East week，“ Many thanks to the ConfuciusInstituteat Newcastle University for helping to arrange such a memorable experieneefor the students and Qiang Xingdi for her weekly enthusiasm

35、 , which has certainly made a sig ni fica nt_10. impression, (impress) on them. ”文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。介绍英国纽卡斯尔大学孔子学院课程开设以及学生学习汉语及中国文化的现状。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。aim to do sth. 表示打算做某事”。? 解析：考查副词。根据语境可知，此处应使用副词修饰动词。patiently“耐心地”。? 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词为teacherQiang Xingdi ，表示人，且定语从句缺主语，故用who 或 that。? 解析：考查时

36、态和语态。根据Already 可知此处用现在完成时，又因动词award 与the pupils为被动关系，表示学生被授予证书，故用现在完成时的被动语态。? 解析：考查介词。have an interest in“对.感兴趣，是固定搭配。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。本句中已有谓语动词are，故空处应为非谓语动词，又因design 与其逻辑主语为动宾关系，故应填过去分词designed。? 解析：考查名词复数。根据空后的并列名词短语“cultural exchanges”可知此处应填名词，plan 是可数名词，其前没有限定词，故应用 plan 的复数形式。?解析：考查冠词。序数词常与定冠词the 搭

37、配使用，故本空填the。?解析：考查时态。根据时间状语“lastweek ”可知，此空应填said。解析：考查名词。根据空前的“ a significant”可知，空处应用所给词的名词形式，且用单数。3(2018 郑州一模)I lost my last debate in the recent National High School Academic Debate & Speech Tour name ntheld in Shan ghai. But in stead of focus ing on my _1. failure_ (fail)_ ,I stopped to refl

38、ect on my experie nces in the past few years _2. as_ a debater._9In general , preparing for new debate topics usually _3. includes (include)brain storm ing argume nts , researchi ng a resoluti on(解决),and doing debate practice.So if you spot a debating group, you might see us sitting together after s

39、chool,or even all day at weekends, discussing arguments and researching evidenee. You might also no tice usargui ng _4. fiercely (fierce) a ny where we can.Not only are they supportive , but my debate friends also have similar passionsand interests to mine. As we discuss debate topics , my fellow de

40、baters and I can talk about anything ,from _5. the best way of rehabilitati ng (改造)crim in als to thenegative points of free immigration policies. However, our discussions are more than410just a way _6. to practice_ (practice)our debating skills. In my mind, they helpus to become calm and consider _

41、7. winning_ (win) and solving real problems as well.To me the debating community is a great place 8. where people help each other not only becausethey re interested in a higher cause , but because they care about how people from different_9.backgrounds_ (background) can lead better lives. I mgratefu

42、l to each of mydebate friends and every single minute we got to spend together. In deed , myhigh school life would be in complete without them. So eve n though I _10. was defeated_ (defeat)in my last debate , I m still thankful for being part of mywon derful debate family.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。作者虽然在一次辩论赛中失败

43、了，但停下来反思过去几 年作为一名辩论手的经历，作者依然觉得获益匪浅。? 解析：考查词性转换。根据空前的形容词性物主代词my 可知，此处应用名词，故填fail 的名词形式 failure 。? 解析：考查介词。但“我”并没有把注意力集中到自己的失败上，而是停下来反思 过去几年自己作为一名辩手的经历。根据句意可知此处用介词as，表示“作为”。? 解析：考查主谓一致。本句中主语为preparing for new debate topics，是动名词短语，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。? 解析：考查词性转换。你也有可能注意到在任何我们能辩论的地方我们都在激烈地论证。空处修饰 arguing，应用副

44、词。? 解析：考查冠词。形容词的最高级前要用定冠词the，故此处应填 the。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。然而，我们的讨论不仅仅是练习我们辩论技巧的一种方法。 此处 to do形式作定语。? 解析：考查非谓语动词。在“我”看来，它们有助于我们变得镇静，也帮助我们考 虑赢得辩论比赛和解决真正的问题。动词consider “考虑”后跟动词ing 形式作宾语。? 解析：考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作状语，先行词为 place，故用 where? 解析：考查名词单复数。因此他们关心的是来自不同背景的人如何能过上更好的生活。back ground 作“出身，个人背景”讲时为可

45、数名词，空前有 different 修饰，故此处 应用其复数形式。解析：考查时态和语态。因此，尽管在上次的辩论中“我”被击败了，但“我”仍然感谢自己是非常棒的辩论家族的一员：根据句意可知此处用被动语态，且此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时的被动语态。11(2018 河北省高三第二次考试)As you know, scienee plays 1. a_ very important role in our education. Do you want to keep up _2.with_ the latest research and discoveries in scienee? Thereare many good websites _3. where_ you can check out the latest in the scienee world.One great