初高中衔接课程10名词性从句

1、Henrys Class初高中衔接课程宾语从句知识梳理：提纲挈领，抓住重点和难点！1 在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的 宾语。eg, He said he was good at drawing.动词宾语)He asks him how long Mike has been down .动词宾语)Miss Zhang is angry at what you said.介词宾语)2. 宾语从句的引导词有三类：(1) 以that引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导句形式的宾语从句，that可以省略。eg, The radio says (that) the clo

2、uds will lift later on.She told me (that) she would like to go with us.(2) 以连接代词 which, what, who等或连接副词how, where, why等引导的宾语从 句，从句是陈述语序eg, Could you tell me what s the mat*e?withI want to know how soon it will beg in.(3) 以whether或if引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问 句意思的宾语从句，从句同样是陈述语序eg, I won der if /wheth

3、er you have told the new to Li Lei .3. 宾语从句的时态(1) 当主句为一般现在时态、现在进行时态、或一般将来时态时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。eg, I want to know what time he got up this morning.You are telling me that you won t stop until tomorrow?(2) 当主句为一般过去时态时，从句要用于过去有关的时态。eg, They asked what Jea n was doing now .Linda said that the train had left

4、.(3) 当从句表述的是客观真理或自然现象时，宾语从句要使用一般现在时。eg, Lisa asked whether light travels faster tha n sound.Polly said no n ews is a piece of good n ews注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。1. 当从句做介词的宾于是只用 whether不用ifeg, We are talking about whether we ll gonon the piHenrys Class初高中衔接课程2. 引导词与动词不定式或not连用时， 只用whether.eg,

5、Please let me know what to do n ext.Could you tell me whether you go or not?3. if当如果讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.eg, You can t work the plan out if you don t have the meeting .例题解析：举一反三，学的更轻松！1. The teacher asked the students.A. if they were in terested in dino saursB. whe n was Albert Ein ste in born

6、C. what they will do with the computersD. how many trees they have pla nted2 Could you tell me?A. what the matter is with you B. what was the matter with youC. what s the matter with you D. what s the wrong with you .3.He asked meI could si ng the song“ My Heart will Go On. ”A. if B. weather C.what

7、D. that4.Our teacher told us that the moonround the earth.A. wentB. turned C.goD. turns5. It makes no differe nee.A. whether will you come tomorrow.B. Whether or not will be pass the examC. If he will come to the meeting or notD. Whether he will come to the meeting or not6. They don t knowtheir pare

8、nts are.A.that B. what C. why D. which7. I am sureyou said is true.A. what B. that C. which D. who8. The old man told usand.A. to do what , to do howB. what to do it, how to do itC. what to do, how to do itD. what to do , how to do练习与巩固：熟能生巧，取得好成绩！1. -Do you know whe n the World Cupn ext week?Henrys

9、 Class初高中衔接课程-Next Friday. When it , I will ring you.A. beg ins, begi ns B. begi ns, will beg in C. will begi n, will begi nD. will beg in, beg ins2. - Today or tomorrow?-What are you talk ing about?-We are talki ng aboutto give a talk on WTO.A. howB. whereC. whe nD. what3. I won der.A. where does h

10、e live B. where he live C. he lives where D. where he lives4. - Are you sure you have to ? Its bee n very late.I dont knowI can do it if not now.A. whereB. whyC. whe nD. how5. -Would you please tell me-In a small village n ear Nii ngbo.A. where was your mother bornB. where your mother was bornC. whe

11、 n was your mother bornD. whe n your mother was born6. The photograph will show youA. what does our village look likeB. what our village looks likeC. how does our village look likeD. how our village looks like7. - Can you guess if theyto play basketball with us?-I think theyll come if theyfree.A.wil

12、l come, will beB. will come, areC. come, are D. come, will be8. Where does he come from ?Pardo n?-I asked whereA.did he come from B. he came from C. he comes from D. does he come from9. She won deredA. how much he cost the computerB. how much he paid for the computerC. how much the computer will cos

13、t him D. how much did he spe nd on the computer10. -Do you know?- rm not sure. Maybe he is a bus in essma n.A. who he isB. who is heC. what he doesD. what does he doHenrys Class初高中衔接课程名词性从句一、定义：在复合句中相当于一个名词，做主语、宾语、表语、同位语的从句。1. When he will comes still unknown.2. I don t knowho has watered the fields

14、.3. The problem is that we need more money.4. Have you heard the newsthat our team won the game?二、引导词：1.连词:that , if, whether, as if/though2. 连接代词:who , what, which, whose, who以及 wh+ever3连接畐【J 词:when, where, why, because, how how long,how often, wh-ever三、引导词的作用:1连词只有连接的功能，而不在从句中充当句子成分。2. 连接代词和连接副词不但

15、有连接的功能，同时还要在从句中充 当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语1主语从句：在复合句中作句子主语的从句。引导词：连词 that、whether; (if)疑问代词 who,whom, what, which; whose, wh-ever疑问副词 when, where, how, why, wh-eve，how much, how Iong,连词that(无词意)，whether(是否),在从句中不担任句子成分，只起连接作用；whether 能引导主语从句，而if不能。That you don t like him nothing to do with me.Whether

16、 Joh n will do this experime nt rema ins a questio n.(2)疑问代词who, whom, what, which, whose在从句中既作连接词又充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等。Who will be sent abroad to further his studies is not announ ced.What surprised me most was that such a little girl could play the violin so well.Which school will win the prize is not k

17、nown.Whose dict ionary has not bee n found is still unknown.Whichever you take will be yours.Whoever wants this book may take it.Whatever was said here must be kept secret.(3) 疑问副词when, where, how, why在从句中充当时间状语、地点状语、方式状语、原因 状语Whe n they will start has n t bee n decided yet.Where the heroine went is

18、 not mentioned at the end of the story.How he man aged to fin ish the compositi on in such a short time is still a mystery.Why he ofte n comes here is known to us all.(4) 用it作形式主语的主语从句常用的句型有：It s said thatguessed, thought, believed, expected, supposedIt is certa in thatIt seems/ happe ns thatIt poss

19、ible/ important/ necessary/clear/naturalthat 该句型从句的谓语动词使用虚拟Henrys Class初高中衔接课程语气形式：should+动词原形。It is necessary that we should learn some English grammar.1. 一个主语从句的谓语动词用单数 ，(what引导的有时例外)2. 通常为了句子平衡用 世做形式主语，而将主语从句放于句尾。3.由that引导的从句，that 虽然没有什么意思，但是却不能省略。4. WH引导的从句，引导词放于句首，从句用陈述句语序。5.放于句首时表示是否只用 whether

20、,用IT做形式主语之后，主语从句放于句尾时whether与if均可以。2表语从句：在复合句中作句子表语的从句引导词有 that, whether, what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why, how, because, as if/though 等(1) 引导表语从句的that不省略，that仅起连接作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，无任何 意义The impression he makes on me is that he is a reliable person.the reason后面的表语从句只能用 that引导，我们学生易犯 “the

21、 reason is because 的错 误The reason why the little actress has been such a success is that she is both clever and hard-work ing.(2) 在表示命令order等，建议suggestion, advice等的名词后的表语从句中，谓语动词要 用虚拟语气：should+动词原形，should可省略His suggestion is that we (should) hold another meeting to discuss the problem.whether可引导表语从句

22、，表“是否”，它在从句中不充当成分，if不能引导表语从句。The questi on is whether we can rely on him.(4) 连接代词 what, which, who, whom, whose除起连接作用外，还在从句中做主语、宾语、 表语和定语。That s what he is worried aboujt在从句作中宾语)The problem is who can do the work.(在从句中作主语)(5) 连接副词when, where, why, how起连接作用外，还在从句中作状语。That s why I was late.That is whe

23、re he was born.That is how he did it.连词 because 般只弓丨导表语从句，只用在That/This/lt is because 结构中That is because she often works hard.(原因)区分： That is why she often works hard.(结 果)As if/as though 也一般只引导表语从句，常常在：It seems/looks as if/though It seems as if he has known everything,3宾语从句：从句在句中充当宾语的成分。宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾

24、语，也可作介 词的宾语，也可作动词不定式等非谓语动词形式的宾语，还可作某些形容词的宾语从句。Jenny thought (that) her teacher was un fair.Henrys Class初高中衔接课程注意在方框里的从句 what和which的成分以及它们的区分：I d like to knowhich one is your husband.Id like to know which prese nt I can buy among these.I d like to know what present I can buy for my Mumsbirthday.You c

25、an n ever imag in ewhat difficulty we had walking through the storm.You may gueshow difficult it is to live alone in a deserted island.I am sure （that） he won t mi nd.It all depe nds on whether they will support us.1. that引导宾语从句无意义，不充当句子成分常省略。但下列情况除外：（1）介词宾语从句的that不省略They share little in com mon exc

26、ept that they are from the same coun try.We talk about that we must have a goal both in life and everyday.（2） and连接的几个从句，第二个从句以后的从句的that不省略。He told me that he had two sons and that they both had gone to college.（3）在动词+it+宾语补足语+宾语从句结构中，that不省略。I heard it said that he had gone abroadWe found it imposs

27、ible that he could finish it in such a short time2许多带复合宾语的句子，宾语从句经常移到句子后部，而用it做形式宾语。结构常是：主语+动词+it+形容词/名词等宾语补足语+宾语从句We thi nk it wrong that he told a lie to every one.We find it puzzling where the problem is.4同位语从句：一般跟在某些名词后面，用以解释或说明前面的名词的内容。经常带同位语从句的 名词有 fact, news,word,order,request, message,inform

28、ation, doubt, possibilitv,chance, idea, reason, belief, hope, thought, promise, suggestion, question.view 等。引导词有连词that, whether；连接代词 who, which, what和连接副词 where, when, why, how等（1）that, whether只起连接作用，不在从句中作任何成分。The idea that En gla nd sta nds for fish& chips is past.There is no doubt that the price

29、of cars will go dow n.The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solve不（能用 if）（2）连接代词 who, which, what和连接副词 where, when, why, how在从句中作相应成分。 He can t answer tqeestionhow he got the money.The questionwho should go abroad requires con siderati on.I have no idea which one I sho

30、uld choose.I ve got a pretty goddea why they left early.The questionwhere we should go has not bee n discussed.I have no idea whe n Jack will be back.Henrys Class初高中衔接课程同位语从句与定语从句的区别:We expressed the hope （that） they had expressed.我们表达了他们曾经表达过的那种希望。（定语从句）We expressed the hope that they would come to

31、 visit China again.我们表示希望他们再来中国访问。（同位语从句）从语法角度上看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何句子成分；而引导定语从句的that是关系代词，除起连接作用外，还在从句中作主语或宾 语等句子成分。从语义角度上看，同位语从句与前面的名词hope是同位关系，表示hope的内容是theywould come to visit China again。因而同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词作补充说 明；而定语从句与它前面的名词是所属关系，表示“ 的”（他们曾经表示过的），起修 饰作用，因此定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词。同位语从

32、句的连词that不能省略，而定语从句的关系代词that，当其在从句中作宾语中， 可省略，作主语也不可省略。I ve heard the news that he visited our factory.I ve heard the news that he told you the other day.The n ews that the pla ne would take off on time made everybody happy.The n ews that is spread ing around the airport is that a heavy storm is comin

33、g.The suggestio n that stude nts should lear n someth ing practical is worth con sideri ng.The suggestion that they are considering is that students should learn something practical.解题点拨1. 首先弄清句子结构，再查看考查的是哪一种从句。2. 如果是定语从句，根据先行词的不同和其在从句中的句子成分选!词。3. 如果是名词性从句，先看从句是否意思完整，如果意思完整，就用that。如果不完整，则根据题目所提供的情景或

34、上下文选择最佳答案。4. 引导名词性从句的连接词除that外，一般都有一定的词义。名词性从句 Have a tryPart 1 2008年高考1. Tomorrow is Tom s birthday. Have you got any idea the party is to be held? （2008陕西卷）A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where2. People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. （2008重庆） A. thatB. which C. whatD.

35、 how3. The last time we had great fun waswe were visit ing the Water Park. 2008 天津卷）A. whereB. howC. whe nD. why7Henrys Class初高中衔接课程4. was most important to her. she told me, was her family. （2008 山东）A. ItB. This C. WhatD. As5. When askedthey n eeded most, the kids said they wan ted to feel importa

36、nt and loved.（2008 湖南卷）A. whatB. whyC. whomD. which6. The compa nies are worki ng together to createthey hope will be the best meansof transport in the 21st century. （2008 北京卷）A. whichB. thatC. whatD. who7. The news our athletes won another gold medal was reported In yesterdaysnewspaper. （2008k海春招）A

37、. which B. whether C. whatD. that8. we are sure about is the n eed to preve nt childre n from being spoiled. （200k 海春招）A. What B. Which C. Whether D. That9. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing. （2008福建） A. It B. What C. As D. Which10. As his best frie nd, I c

38、an make accurate guesses abouthe will do or think. （200年 上海卷） A. what B. which C. whom D. that11. It has been provedeating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you againstserious illnesses in later life. （2008年上海卷）A. if B. because C. whenD. thatPart 2拓展练习1. After ten years, she cha nged a lot an

39、d looked differe nt fromshe used to be.A. thatB. whom C. whatD. who2. Who do you thi nk the doctor will havefirst, Joh n or Kate?A. exam ine B. to exam ine C. exam iningD. exam ined3. What Re you an xicsuabout?.A. Whether we can succeed B. If we succeed C. Do we succeed D. That we can succeed4. Ever

40、ythi ng depe nds onthey will support you about it.A. ifB. which C. whether D. that5. Lily has some ideashe s going to be when she grows up.A. whatB. that C. asD. which6. happens to call while I am out of the office, please have him leave the message for me.A. WhoB. Anyone C. Some oneD. Whoever7. Wou

41、ld you like to hae a swim with us in the sea?-1 will ask my palms.A. whether they will agree to doB. if they let me goC. if they will let me goD. whether they allow me to8. The reason why I plan b go isif I don t.A. because she will be disappo in tedB. that she will be disappo in tedC. because she w

42、ill have a disappo in tme ntD. for she will be disappo in ted9. I rang you at abode n, but there was no reply.Oh, that was probably was see ing a doctor.A. whe nB. why C. whatD. that10. That isI was born and grew up.A. thereB. i n whichC. where D. the place11. Please tell meyou would like to have yo

43、ur coffee black or white?A. whatB. where C. whe n D. how12. I don t thinkJenny can come home thteewdeA. ifB. why C. thatD. whe nHenrys Class初高中衔接课程13. get such a book?A. Where do you thi nk can IB. Do you thi nk where can IC. Do you think whe n I canD. Where do you think I can14. My oot hurts terrib

44、ly, doctor Well, I won derit has bee n like this.A. since whe nB. since the nC. howD. whe n15. Do you knowMr. Black s address is?He may live at No. 18 or 19 Bridge Street. I m not sure ofA. what; which B. where; which C. where; what D. what; where16. Those childre n me wild. I feel sorry forhas to b

45、e their babysitter.A. whoever B. who C. whomever D. some one17. Doyou thi nksi right,they sayYes. I.A. as; what; do B. as; whatever; will C. what; what; can D. what; whatever; will18. Do you knowthe peasa nts make of the falle n fruit?A. howB. how useful C. whatD. what use19. Joh n has got a very go

46、od job in the gover nment.he looks so happy.A. It natural B. That s because! No wonderD. As though20. Do you mind if Jim will come to help?I really don t knowa person like him can hwithmeA. what B that C. howD. if十二、名词性从句1. Tomorrow is Tom s birthday. Have yoaigptdea the party is to be held? （2008 陕

47、西卷）A. whatB. whichC. thatD. where2. People in Chongqing are proud of they have achieved in the past ten years. （2008 重庆）A. thatB. whichC. whatD. how3. The last time we had great fun waswe were visiting the Water Park. （ 2008 天津卷）A. whereB. howC. whe nD. why4. was most importa nt to her. she told me,

48、 was her family. （ 2008 山东）A. ItB. ThisC. WhatD. As5. When askedthey n eeded most, the kids said they wan ted to feel importa nt and loved. （2008 湖南卷）A. whatB. whyC. whomD. which6. The compa nies are work ing together to createthey hope will be the best means of tran sport inst、the 21 century. （ 200

49、8 北京卷）A. whichB. thatC. whatD. who7. The newsour athletes won another gold medal was reported In yesterday newspaper. （2008 上海春招）A. whichB. whetherC. whatD. that9Henrys Class 初0高中衔接课程8. we are sure about is the need to prevent children from being spoiled. （2008 上海春招 ）A. WhatB. WhichC. WhetherD. That

50、9. is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008 福建）A. ItB. WhatC. AsD. Which10. As his best friend, I can make accurate guesses abouthe will do or think. （2008 年上海卷）A. what B. whichC. whom D. that11. It has been provedeating vegetables in childhood helps to prot

51、ect you against serious illnesses inlater life. （2008 年上海卷）A. ifB. because C. whe n D. that【答案解析】1. Co what he /she / it used to be已经成为一种习惯说法，意为过去的样子”。what指一种情况， 并非指人，所以不可用 who/whom。正确答案是 C。2. Do who可以代替 whom在句中作have的宾语。而examined和宾语存在被动关系，用作宾语补 足语。正确答案是 D。3. A。主句承前省略，答案只保留了宾语从句，这样不管在意义和结构方面都要和宾语从句一致

52、；由上下文情景可知 A选项最佳。4. Co depend on是固定词组依靠”，其中介词on之后的宾语从句只可用 whether引导。5. Ao idea是从句前面的先行名词；what引导同位语从句，在从句中作宾语。很明显从句部分是对前面先行名词的具体内容的进一步说明。正确答案是A。6. D。whoever表示无论是谁”。正确答案是 D。7. C。本题考点是宾语从句。go是第一次出现，不可省略；是父母亲让我去(let me go)”才合题意。正确答案是Co8. B。the reason后面的表语从句中应用 that而不是because引导。正确答案是 B。9. A。题意：“你十点钟打电话时”正是“我看医生之时”。在题干中用作表语从句。10. Co where引导表语从句，B项不能引导表语从句，其他选项意思与题干不符。11. D。加牛奶的咖啡为 white coffee，所以black or white表示方式，这样以说明说话人想要表达的准确意义。正确答案是Do12. C。本题考查宾语从句。Jenny can come home this weekend是个完整的句子，因此引导词用 that。13. D。do you think为插入语，在含有插入语的句子中，谓语动词用陈述句语序。正确答案是