2017年高二英语暑期作业复习方法策略15讲第11讲名词性从句的5个高频考点与2种解题方法

1、第 11 讲名词性从句的 5 个高频考点与 2 种解题方法【备考指导】名词性从句是历年高考中考查的最多的一个考点，通常是以单项填空、语法填空、短文改错和书面表达的形式进行考查。解决名词性从句类题目通常使用的方法有：看是否是考查固定句型中固定用法， 是否可以运用分析句式结构与句子成分来判断，是否可以运用句子中的某些特定的动词来判断。一、名词性从句中的5 个高频知识点1 .只能用 whether 不能用 if 的 4 种情况(1) 引导主语从句且位于句首(2) 引导表语从句(3) 从句为介词的宾语(4) 后紧跟不定式2 .有些动词带宾语从句时需要在从句前加it女口： hate , like , t

2、ake , owe, have, see to , depend on, rely on 等，除此之外，take itfor gran ted 中的 it 是位于动词而不是从句之前。I hate it whe n people talk with their mouths full of food.我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。3 .不能省略 that 的宾语从句(1) it 作形式主语时(2) 宾语从句较长时(3) 主句的状语置于主句句尾、宾语从句之前I realized at once that I had dialed the wrong nu mber.我立即认识到了我打的号码错了。(4)

3、 宾语从句中的状语或状语从句置于从句句首时He told us that if we would all come to help out the whole situationwould be lookingup.他告诉我们如果我们能够全部来帮忙整个局势会好转。(5) 主句谓语动词(包括非谓语动词)与宾语从句之间有插入语时He found , however, that this was not true.然而，他发现这不是真的。(6) 一个动词有两个宾语从句，第一个可以省略，但是第二个不能省略24 .主语为名词 reason 时，表语从句的引导词用 that 不能用 why5 .如果指人的

4、引导词具有双重身份，则用 whoever也就是说引导词既是从句的主语也是主句的主语，这时候应该用whoever，因为 whoever 相当于 anyone who， he who 等。Whoever does n t reach the Great Wall is not a true man.不到长城非好汉。（whoever 既是主句的主语也是从句的主语）I will give the prize to whoever comes out first.谁是第一我就把奖给谁。（whoever 既是 to 的宾语，还是从句的主语）二、2 种方法帮助你解决名词性从句的相关题目方法 1 位置判断法根

5、据名词性从句的句子特点及其所处的位置，判断出属于哪一种从句，从而确定连词的种类，也有助于对句子的理解。What he said asto nished us.他所说的话使我们很惊奇。（从句在主语位置，为主语从句）Everyth ing depe nds on whether you have eno ugh mon ey.一切都看你是否有足够多的钱。（从句在介词后，为介词的宾语，为宾语从句）The question is where we ll go this Sunday.问题是我们这周日去哪儿。（从句在 is后，为表语从句）He expressed the hope that he wou

6、ld come to China aga in.他表达了再来中国的愿望。（从句在抽象名词后，对名词解释说明，为同位语从句）【典例展示 1】（2 015 全国卷n）After looking at the toy for some time, he turnedaround and found where his pare nts were missing._答案 wherethat 或去掉 where解析 found 后为宾语从句，引导词不作句子成分只起连接作用，应用 that 引导，而且 that可省略。故 where 改为 that 或去掉 where。【典例展示 2】（2014 四川高考

7、）lf you notice that whe n some one is missi ng or hurt,tell your teacher immediately._答案去掉 when解析 notice 之后为 that 引导的宾语从句，when 属于多余词。故去掉wher。【典例展示 3】 It is still under discussion_ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. 答案 whether3解析 句意：那个旧公交车站是否应该被一家现代化宾馆所取代仍在讨论中。“ It ”作形

8、式主语， “_the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not ”作真正的主语。根据句意及题干中的“ or not ”可知答案为 whether， “whether.or not ” 在名词性从句中意为“是否”。方法 2 句子成分分析法看从句缺不缺成分，不缺就用 that , whether/if，缺成分就用 wh-类连接词（包括 how, because等）。【典例展示 1 （ 2016 -全国卷I）My un cle is the owner of a restaura nt close to thatI l

9、ive._答案 thatTwhere解析 close to 之后为介词 to 的宾语从句，引导词在从句中作地点状语，应用where。故that 改为 where。【典例展示 2】（2016 全国卷n）My classmates and I are talkingabout how to do duringthe holiday._答案how what解析 do 后缺宾语，故把 how 改为 what。【典例展示 3 （2014 广东高考）I didn t understand_this would happen andmy credit card had already bee n charg

10、ed for the reservati on.答案 why解析 “我”不知道/不明白_会发生这样的事情。不明白的一定是原因。故答案为why。跟踪训练【考点突破】I.用适当的连接词填空1. _ did this job must be rewarded.2. His writing is so confusing that it s difficult to make out _ he is trying4to express.3. Our teachers always tell us to believe in_ we do and who we are if we want to suc

11、ceed.4._ Twenty studentswant to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read fast.5._ When the news came the war broke out , he decided to serve inthe army.6._ Modern scienee has given clear evidenee_ smoking can lead to many diseases.7._I d like to start my own bus in ess that s _ I d do if I had

12、the money.8.It is still_ under discussionthe old bus station should bereplaced witha moder n hotel or not.9. The reason why he didn t go to school was_ he fell ill.10.He came late. That was_ he got up late.n.单句改错1.Secon dly, watching TV is a good way to kill our spare time. Fin ally,we can predictth

13、at may happe n in the future and be prepared._2. As time went on, I realized what ridiculous I had been at that time._3. Now I am writing to tell you thatmy city has done to reduce traffic jams in thelast few years._4.I had thought if perhaps thewoman would blamethe man. Beyondmy expectations,the wo

14、ma n an swered with a smile._5. Fortunately, I had a mobile phone with me, so I called the police and told themthat had bee n found._6. That college students are mainly concerned about is employment and their dreamto have well paid jobs where they can live their lives to the fullest._7. There is no

15、doubt if English has become a universal language nowadays._8. That you should learn is how to write down the most important words, not the wholesentence. Remember that you n eed in formati on, not sentences._9. Everyth ing depe nds on if you agree with us._10. He is won deri ng whe n can finish this

16、 difficult job._5【能力提升】I阅读理解Meet the amazing Eliot Schrefer , and see why we re big fans!Scope： Why do you write stories about animals?Eliot : I ve always been excited by animal stories.When I was young, I liked reading about animalsbecause they seemed like they needed help ，and they were also voice

17、less.Scope： Where did you get the idea forAnimal Distress Calls?Eliot ：Many years ago ，I had a friend who worked as a doctor at the Bronx Zoo.One evening he invitedme to see the zoo after hours.Wandering that quiet ，dark zoo was haunting.I was imagining adventureswith big wild animals ， but only the

18、 wolves were awake.Then he took me into the clinic ， where I meta sick bird.That nighttime visit clearly had a big impact on this story.Scope：Whydid you leave Josie s fate ambiguous in the storyAnimal Distress Calls?Eliot ：So manyof us have known a creature ，human or nonhuman，who s been suffering.So

19、metimes everything getsbetter ，and sometimes it doesnt.That doesn t change the important ， compassionate（ 有同情心的 ） act of caring.I didnt want thestory to become about the outcome of Josie s illness.I wanted it to be about thesympathy Josie and Julia share for each other.Scope： Have you had a personal

20、 experience with an animal that changed you?Eliot ：I had a moment during research for myape novels when I was staying at a bonobo sanctuary（ 倭黑猩猩保护区 ） in Congo.I d have breakfast with Oshwe， a young bonobo who was too littletoeat with the rest of the group.Sitting with him for a few hourseach mornin

21、g ， I helped make sure that he finished his meal and got the nutrition he needed but italso felt like a gift he was giving me.Oh， I remember thinking ，you re spending this precious morning time with me!1 According to the text，Eliot Schrefer is famous _ A as an animal doctorB as a volunteer taking ca

22、re of animalsC for his social bond with animals6D for his amazing animal stories2 While visiting the Bronx Zoo，Eliot Schrefer was surprised by _ .A the active wolvesB the quiet atmosphereC his friend s behaviourD the violent wild animals3.Eliot Schrefer left Josie s fate ambiguous because_A. he thou

23、ght it was not importantB. he wan ted readers to make a guessC. he wan ted to attract readers atte nti onD. he would make it clear in his next story4.What was Eliot Schrefer s attitude towards Oshwe?A. Proud. B . Frightened.C. Appreciative. D . Disappo in ted.n.完形填空Reading and writing_1_ is a very p

24、ersonal experience.Poetsuse Ianguage as a wayof_2_ their feeli ngs , whether positive ones of love , happ in ess and hope, or negative feelings like_3_ and fear.Poems can describe the beauty of nature, a person ,a dream or a memorable eve nt.Most _4_ have tried writ ing poetry at some time,for examp

25、le at school.For children, it is a good way to explore Ianguage and have_5_ with words as well as to express themselves.But teachers and psychologists have found ano ther use for poetry as a form of therapy（ 治疗）to helppeople with problems._6_ are bpnefits for people of all differe nt backgro unds an

26、d ages.Writi ngpoetry can help people deal with _7_ in_their lives death or feelings of sadness, drug or alcohol problems or seriousillness.Bywritingdownyour feelings , _8_ can learn to understand yourself betterand give yourself a voice if you feel you are being igno red.A poem might be a wayof tel

27、li ng some one someth ing whe n you do not feel able to talk about it _9_. And7just because people are _10_or having difficulties in their lives, it doesn tmean they have lost their sense of humour.Poems 11 as therapy can be funny too , as laughter is alsocon sidered to be very good medici ne.Studen

28、ts at a special school in Dudley , in England , read and write poems_12_. Their reason forwriting poems is not just to 13 creative.All of them have pro blems.Some of them have Iong-term _14_conditions , such as cancer , while others have personality disorders or psychological problems.Bywriting poem

29、s students are grow ing _15_ self-c on fide nce.The poems provide a cha nnel through_16_ they can8,and express their feelings.They _17_ help them torecog nize and explore their problems and to develop a positive attitude to life.students poems and publi shed them in a book which is _19_ to raise fun

30、ds fora local hospital.The book has proved very popular , giving studentsachieveme nt.A.branches B . changesA.I B . they C . she D . youhand in hand D . eye to eye 10 . A.hun gry B . illC. thirsty D . happy11. A.said B . spokenC. seen D . written 12 . A.some time B . everydayC. every day D . sometim

31、e 13 . A./ B . isC be D are14 A.salty B scientificcom muni cate with theworldBut the poems are help ing _18_ people,too.The school has collected some of the20 sense of1.A.poem B . the poemsC. poet D . poetry2. A.express ingB . expressi onC. expresses D.expressed3.A.exciteme nt B . angerC. dark ness

32、D.joyA.people B.stude ntsC. writers D.teachersC.C.A.gamesmile DA.ThereThis Dfun.foodB . It.ThatC.exercises D . linesA.shoulder to shoulder B.faceto faceC.9C natural D medical15 A.in B onC from D at16 A.who B whichC that D when17 A.either B tooCyet D also18 A.another B the otherC other D the others19

33、 A.sells B sellC being sold D being selling20 A.a B anC/ D the川.语法填空Three years had passed and things were even worse than before. One can hardly imagine1._ the poor people suffered. Most of the workers lost their jobs and in orderto provide for their families they sold everything 2._ they had in th

34、eirhouses. They could neither get food nor clothing. Many of them fell ill and died.Then they began to understand 3._ the factory owners were their enemies. Butthey believed that 4._ the government knew 5._ hard their conditionswere, they would give them some help. In a meeting they decided 6._ they

35、 shouldsend some of their men to London to tell the government of the truth. Jackson was chosen to be one ofthem to go to the capital. He felt proud 7._ he coulddo something for his friends.A few days later, when Jackson came back from London and was asked to tell about8._ had happened there, he rep

36、lied in a low voice, “ I will never forget9._ we workers were treated there. I will never forgive those who refused to hear us. Friends,let us do all we can to struggle against the capitalists andthe government 10._ supports them. ”10第 11 讲 名词性从句的 5 个高频考点与 2 种解题方法考点突破n.I.Whoever 2.what 3.what 4.how

37、5.that6that7.what 8.whether 9.that 10.becausen.l.thatTwhat2.whathow 3.that all/what 4.if that 或去掉 if5.thatTwhat 6.ThatTWhat7iftthat8.ThattWhat 9.iftwhether10 can 前加 he能力提升1. 1.D细节理解题。根据 Scope 的第一次提问Why do you write stories aboutanimals ？” 以及 Eliot 的回答可知 Eliot Schrefer 从小就喜欢阅读动物方面的书籍，后 来写成了关于动物方面的小说A

38、nimal Distress Calls。 2B 细节理解题。根据 Eliot 第二次回答中提到的“ Wandering that quiet ， dark zoowas haunting. ”以及“.but only the wolves were awake. ”可知，该动物园安静，没 有活力。故答案为 B。 3A 细节理解题。根据 Eliot 第三次回答中的第二、三句“ Sometimes everything gets better ， andsometimes itdoesnt.Thatdoesnt change the important ，compassionate（ 有同情心的 ） act of caring