2019版高考英语一轮基础习选题Unit1Alandofdiversity(含解析)新人教版选修8

1、Unit 1 A land of diversity李仕才一、阅读理解。“Her grades are fine ; rm not worried about that , but she just does nt seem to love learning anymore ，” Alices mum said.Shes absolutely right. Id no ticed the same thing about her daughter over the previous two or threeyears when rd been Alices middle school Engl

2、ish, Latin,andwriting teacher , and I have an answer, right there on the tip of my tongue, to whathas gone wrong.Yet rm torn between my responsibilityto help Alice and the knowledgethat what I have to say is a truth rm not sure this mother is ready to hear.The truth for this pare nt and so many othe

3、rs is this: Her child has sacrificedher natural curiosity and love of learning at the altar（ 圣坛）of achievement , and its our fault.Alicesparents , her teachers , society at large we are all supposed to beblamed in this crime against learning.From her first day of school, we pointed hertoward that al

4、tar and trained her to measure her progress by means of points , scores , and awards.Wetaught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect（ 智力）,and that her intellectis more importantthan her character.We taught her to come home proudlybeari ng grade As, champi on ship prizes , and college acce

5、pta nee, and not on purpose ,we taught her that we dont reallycare how she obtains them.We taught her to protecther academic and extracurricularperfect ion at all costs and that itsbetter to quitwhenthings get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect record.Above all else , we taught her to

6、fearfailure.That fear is what has destroyed her love of lear ning.1.Both the mother and the author have noticed that_ .A. Alice hates to tell them the truthB. Alices test scores are not so goodC. Alice chooses several subjects to learnD. Alice does nt enjoy study ing any more2.What do es the underli

7、ned word “torn ” mean in the passage?A. pained to chooseB. guilty to quitC. tired to man age D . certa in to decide3.What does the teacher think of the girl?2A. Her academic perfect ion results from her character.B. She is a gifted girl with spirits of challenging.C. She is perfect in her character

8、development.D Her academic performance is great.4 What leads to the girls change?A A few failure experiences.B Fear of failing to get good grades.C Her mothers over-protection.D Her not being accepted by colleges.【解题导语】 本文通过 Alice 的例子说明了父母、 老师和社会有时会扼杀孩子的好奇心和 对学习的热爱。【难句分析】We taught Alice that her pot

9、ential is tied to her intellect（ 智力 ），and that her intellectis more important than her character.分析：这是一个复合句，含有两个that 引导的宾语从句。We 是主语，taught 是谓语，两个 that 在从句中均不充当成分。译文： 我们教给 Alice 的是她的潜力和她的智力是联系在一起的， 并且她的智力比她的性 格更重要。1D 考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“ but she just doesnt seem to love learningany more ”和第二段中的“ Id notice

10、d the same thing about her daughter”可知， Alice的妈妈和作者都注意到 Alice 不再喜欢学习。A 项和 C 项文中没有提到；根据第一段中的“ Her grades arefine ”可知， B 项错误。2A 考查词义猜测。 根据画线词后的“ between myresponsibility.andthe knowledgethat what I have to say is a truth”可知，作者在两者之间很难选择。3D 考查细节理解。 根据第三段中的“ We taught her to protect her academic and extr

11、acurricularperfection at all costs”可知， Alice 的学业表现很好。根据第三段的“We taught Alice that her potential is tied to her intellect（智力 ） ， and that herin tellect is more importa nt than her character”可知 A 项错误；根据第三段倒数第三句中的“ that its better to quit when things get challenging rather than risk losing that perfect

12、record ”可知B 项错误；根据第三段的倒数第二句“ Above all els e，we taught her to fear failure ”可知 C 项错误。4B 考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“ We taught her to protect.Thatfear is whathas destroyed her love of learning ”可知，害怕失败毁掉了 Alice 对学习的热爱。二、单句语法填空1They are likely _ (fire) by the company just because of their fault.3答案： to be fired S

13、b. be likely to do sth.“某人可能做某事”。主语 they 与fire 之间为被动关系，故应填不定式的被动形式。442.The majority of the interviewees_ (prefer) watching TV at home togoing to the cin ema.答案：prefer the majority of .作主语时，谓语动词的数与of 后的名词保持一致。由 interviewees可知谓语动词应用复数形式。3._ It suddenly occurredhim that he should adopt the homelesschil

14、d.答案：to It (suddenly) occurred/occurs to sb. that .某人突然想起某事”。4._ Whoever breaks the schoolrules will surely receive_ (punish).答案：punishment句中动词 receive 后缺宾语，故应填名词punishment 作宾语。5.We should not have_ (race) discrim in ati on.答案：racial句中缺少一形容词来修饰名词discrimination,故填 racial 种族的”。6._ She became the first

15、 black woma n(elect) to theSen ate.答案：to be elected当名词或代词前有序数词或最高级修饰时，则常用动词不定式来充当其后置定语，且elect 与 black woman 之间为被动关系，故填to be elected。7.He could nt express himself correctly_means of words.答案：by by mea ns of .借助于；用.；通过.方法”。8.She_ (slip) out of the house before the others were awake.答案：slipped句意：她趁别人还没

16、醒，溜出了房子。分析句子结构可知该空为句子的谓语动词，由从句中动词时态were 可知，应用一般过去时。9._ (hire) a car, you must produce a passport and a current drivinglice nse.答案：To hire句意：若想租车，你需要出示护照及当前驾照。此处用动词不定式作目的状语。10._ By the time she knew the news, John_(fly) to America.答案：had flown 由 By the time引导的从句的时态为一般过去时可知，主句应用过去完成时，故应填 had flown。三、完

17、形填空。Bria n Tagalog was born without arms. But that did nt _1_ him fromjead ing ano rmal life. The _2_ young man believes he is the only certified tattoo( artist without arms in the world.A 3 of Honolulu, Tagalog moved with his family to Tucson. He had always shown an interest indrawing, and set his

18、mind on becoming a _4_ tattoo artist. Not many people gave him a chanee, but he5 improved his foot drawing skills and operated文身）5the tattoo gun with his _6_._Brians mother admits that _7_ him was not easy, but she always made it a(n)_8_ to let him explore his opti ons.“ The day I gave birth to him,

19、 well, I wasshocked, but we n ever hid him. I did nt _9_ him in any way. ” And perhaps thatswhat gave him the _10_ to achieve his dreams, _11_two limbs. “I was born without arms,” he said.the very obvious abse nee ofmedow n“ Butthathas not _12_to pursue my dream. ”At first, finding a shop that would

20、_ _13him proveda very difficultthi ng.He _14_ many tattoo shops and got no callsback.He did ntgive up; _15_,Bria nfin ally runs his own shop. Brian uses a (n) _16_ tech nique to tattoohe drawsthe desig n on clie nts skin with one foot, _17_ using the other to stretch the skin. And even tually histat

21、toos always turn out to get his clie nts _18_._Brian hopes his success will _19 others to follow their dreams bravely. Words and photos just dontdo Brian Tagalog justice.You need to see him 20 to witnesshow he works only with his feet.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了生来没有胳膊的Brian Tagalog 通过自己的不懈努力最终成为一名成功的文身艺术家的故事

22、。1. A.promote B . preserveC. protect D . prevent答案与解析：D但是那没有阻止他过正常的生活。preve nt sb. from doi ng sth. 阻止某人做某事”。2. A.wise B . ambitiousC. promising D . handsome答案与解析： B这个有抱负的年轻人相信他是这个世界上唯一一个有资格证的无臂文身 艺术家。 wise睿智的”；ambitious 有雄心的，有抱负的”；promising 有前途的”； han dsome英俊的”。3. A.visitor B . foreignerC. stranger

23、 D . native答案与解析：D根据后文的moved with his family to Tucson”可知，此处指 Tagalog 是一个火奴鲁鲁的当地人。foreig ner 外国人”；stra nger 陌生人”；n ative 当地人， 本地人”。4 . A.professi onal B . no rmalC. temporary D . con servative答案与解析：A他总是表现出在绘画方面的兴趣，并且下决心成为一名专业的文身艺术 家。professional “专业的，职业的”； normal “正常的”； temporary “暂时的”； conservative

24、 “保守46的”。5 A.steadilyB occasionallyC effectivelyD frequently答案与解析： A 并不是很多人给他机会，但是他不断地磨炼自己的脚部绘画技巧并且 用自己的脚趾操作文身枪。 steadily “持续地，不断地”； occasionally “偶尔，偶然”； effectively “高效地”；frequently “经常地，频繁地”。6 A.fingers B toesC mouth D jaw答案与解析： B 参见上题解析。7 A.comfortingB educatingC raisingD accompanying答案与解析： CBri

25、an 的母亲承认抚养他长大不是一件容易的事儿。 comfort “安慰”； educate 教育”；raise 养育，抚养”； accompany陪伴”。8 A.failureB pointC adventure D destination答案与解析：B但她总是特别注意让他探究自己的选择。make it apoi nt to对.特别注意，努力做到”，是固定短语，符合语境。 failure “失败”； adventure “冒险”； destination“目的地”。9 A.defendB blameC abandonD shelter答案与解析：D根据上文的but we never hidhi

26、m”可知，此处应是指Brian 的母亲不以任何形式庇护他。defend 保护”；blame 责备”；abandon 遗弃”；shelter 庇 护，遮蔽”。10A.confidenceB determinationC freedomD enthusiasm答案与解析： A 根据上下文语境， 此处应是表示尽管他没有胳膊， 但是 Brian 的家人所 采取的更为积极的让 Brian 成长的方式或许正是给予他实现梦想的自信心的东西。con fide nee 自信心”； determ in ati on 决心”； freedom 自由”； en thusiasm 热情”。11 A.apart from

27、B inC regardless ofDdespite答案与解析：D参见上题解析。apart from 除了”； regardless of “不管，不顾”； despite “尽管”。12 A.turnedB calmedC. slowed D . tracked答案与解析：C他说：“我生来没有胳膊，但是那并没有让我放慢追求自己梦想的速sth.激励某人去做某事”。urge 敦促”；request 要求”；advise 建议”。7度。 ” turn sb. down 拒绝某人”； calm sb.down “使某人镇静下来”； slow sb. down 使 某人慢下来”；track sb.

28、dow n“追查到，追踪到”。13. A.hire B . supportC. serve D . fund答案与解析：A根据下文中的“ .got no calls back”“ He didnt give up ;15,Bria n fin ally runs his own shop.”可知，此处应是指起初，找到一个愿意雇用他的店铺被证实是一件非常困难的事情。 hire 雇用；support 支持；serve 为.服务；fund “资助”。14 . A.adapted toB.appealed toC. attached toD.applied to答案与解析：D根据上下文的内容可知，此处

29、表示他应聘了好多家店。但是没有得到回信。apply to “向. 申请”符合语境。 adapt to “适应”；即 peal to “对.有吸引力”；attach to “与.有联系，与. 有关联”。15 . A.otherwise B . in steadC. still D . however答案与解析：B他没有放弃，反而（instead）最后开了自己的店。other wise “否则”；in stead “反而”；still“仍然”；however “ 然而”。16 . A.u nique B. funnyC. powerfulD.attractive答案与解析：A根据下文的内容可知，此

30、处指Brian 使用了一种独特的文身技巧。unique “独特的”；funny有趣的；powerful强有力的；attractive吸引人的。17 . A.before B. ifC. while D .uni ess答案与解析：C当他用另一只脚将皮肤抻平时，他用一只脚在顾客的皮肤上绘制图案。while “当时”符合语境。before “在之前”；if “如果”；unless “除非”。18 . A.i nstruct ionB. admirati onC. doubt D . compla int答案与解析：B而且最后他的文身总是会得到顾客的赞赏。in structi on“指导”；admi

31、ration “赞赏”；doubt “怀疑”；complaint “投诉”。19 . A.i nspireB.urgeC. requestD.advise答案与解析：ABrian希望他的成功能激励他人勇敢地追求梦想。in spire sb. to do820. A.in responseB . in advaneeC. in action D. in turn答案与解析：C根据语境可知，此处表示你需要见证在工作状态中的Brian。inaction 在活动中，在运转”，在此引申为处于工作状态中”。in response 作为回应”； in advanee 提前”；in turn反过来”。四、单句

32、改错1. This is believed that hard work can lead to success.答案：ThisTIt It is believed that .人们相信.”，其中 it 为形式主语。2. An idea occurred me when I was walking in the park.答案：occurred 后加 to sth. occurs/occurred to sb.某人突然想起某事”。3. A great many of people gain a great deal of information from the Internet.答案：去掉第

33、一个 of a great/good many 直接修饰可数名词复数，只有当名词前有限 定词the/these/those/ones等时，才用 a great/good many of 短语。4. We regret to inform you that our company has hired on another girl for thejob of secretary.答案：去掉 on hire “雇用；租用”，为及物动词，后面不需加介词。5. They will carry out the plan in this means.答案：inTby by this means“用这种方法

34、”。五、七选五In our fast world of phones , fax machines and computers , the old - fashioned art of letter writ ing is atrisk of disappeari ng altogether. 1 There is the exciteme nt of itsarrival , the pleasure of see ing who it is from and, fin ally, the enjoyme nt of theconten ts.Letter writinghas been p

35、art of my life for as long as I can remember.It probablysth.激励某人去做某事”。urge 敦促”；request 要求”；advise 建议”。9began with the little notes I would write to mymother.My mother, also , always insistedI write my own tha nk- you letters for Christmas and birthday prese nts. 2doctor in London,I would write once

36、a week and sowould my mother.Occasi on ally my father would write and it was always a joy toreceive his long , amusing letters. 3 Of course, we also made phone calls but itis the letters that I remember most.There were also letters from my boyfriends.lnmy youth I seemed to attract peoplewho had to w

37、ork or study away at some time and we were only able to stay in touch by letter. 4 I found thatI could often express myself more easily in writing than by talk ing.I love the letters that come with birthday or Christmas cards.Notes areappreciated , but how much better to have a years supply of news!

38、 And its better still whe n its anairmail en velope with beautiful stamps.5 Like my mother before me, I insist they write their own thank-you letters.My daughter writes tomelittle letters , just as I did to my mother.I stronglyurge readersnot to allow letter writing to become anotherlost art ”.A.Poor handwriting can spoil（破坏）your enjoyment of a letter.B.We had b