介词for用法归纳

1、介词for用法归纳用法i :（表目的）为了如:They went out for a walk.他们出去散步了。What did you do that for?你干吗这样做?That s what we re here for这.正是我们来的目的。What s she gone for this time?她这次去干什么去了?He was wait ing for the bus.他在等公共汽车。【用法说明】 在通常情况下，英语不用for doing sth来表示目的。如:She ofte n asked her pare nts for money.她经常向父母要钱他去那儿看他叔叔。误：

2、He went there for see ing his un cle.正: He went there to see his un cle.但是，若一个动名词已名词化，则可与for连用表目的。如:已名词化）（见下面的有关用法）他去那儿游泳。He went there for swimmi ng.他去那儿游泳。（swimmi ng注意：若不是表目的，而是表原因、用途等，则其后可接动名词。用法2 :（表利益）为，为了。 如:What can I do for you?你想要我什么?We study hard for our motherla nd.我们为祖国努力学习。Would you ple

3、ase carry this for me?请你替我提这个东西好吗?Do more exercise for the good of your health.【用法说明】(1)有些后接双宾语的动词(如buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, order, prepare,为了健康你要多运动。sing, spare等），当双宾语易位时，通常用 for来引出间接宾语，表示间接宾语为受益者。如:She made her daughter a dress. / She made a dress for her daughter. 裙。她为她女儿做了件连衣He cooke

4、d us some potatoes. / He cooked some potatoes for us. 注意，类似下面这样的句子必须用他为我们煮了些土豆。for :He bought a new chair for the office.他为办公室买了张新办公椅。（2）注意不要按汉语字面意思，在一些及物动词后误加介词 他们决定在电视上为他们的新产品打广告。for误： They decided to advertise for their new product on TV.正： They decided to advertise their new product on TV.注：adve

5、rtise可用作及物或不及物动词,但含义不同:advertise sth=为卖出某物而打广告;advertisefor sth =为寻找某物而打广告。如:advertise for a job=登广告求职。由于受汉语“为的影响，而此处误加了介词 for。类似地，汉语中的“为人民服务”，说成英语是serve the people，而不是serve for thes death，等等。people，“为某人的死报仇 ”，说成英语是avenge sb s death，而不是avenge for sb用法3 :（表用途）用于，用来。如:Knives are used for cutting thing

6、s.小刀是用来切东西的。This knife is for cutting bread.这把小刀是用于切面包的。It s a mach ine for slic ing bread.这是切面包的机器。The doctor gave her some medic ine for her cold.医生给了她一些感冒药。用法4 :为得到，为拿到，为取得。如:他回家拿书。他去向朋友请教。He went home for his book.He went to his friend for advice.We all hope for success.我们都盼望成功。Are you comi ng i

7、n for some tea?你要不要进来喝点茶？用法5 :给（某人），供（某人）用。如：That for you. 这是给你的。Here is a letter for you.这是你的信。Have you room for me there?你那边能给我腾出点地方吗？用法6 :（表原因、理由）因为，由于。女口：I am sorry for it.对不起。Tha nk you for coming to see me.谢谢你来看我。You can see the wood for the trees. 你只见树木，不见森林。He is famous for his poems.他因为他的诗出

8、名。He was se nt to pris on for robbery.他因为抢劫而坐牢。I could n speak for laugh ing.我笑得说不出话来。He couldn t sleep for joy.他高兴得不能入睡。For several rea son s, I d rather not meet her.由于种种原因，我宁愿不见她。【用法说明】 有些表原因的特殊结构不宜用介词for来引出，而用其他介词。如：他由于努力工作而加了工资。误： For the result of his hard work, he got a pay rise.正: As a the r

9、esult of his hard work, he got a pay rise.注：as a the result of是习语，意为“由于?？的结果”。因为母亲不在家，她只好自己做饭。误： For Mother （be ing） away, she had to cook the meal herself.正: With Mother （be ing） away, she had to cook the meal herself.注：with+宾语+宾语补足语”可用来表示原因，此时的with不能换成for。类似地，下例中的 with也不能换成for :With all this work

10、to do, I donknow if Itime to gollhaveout.有这么多工作要做，我不知是否有时间出去。我们祝贺你的成功。误： We con gratulate you for your success.正： We con gratulate you on your success.注：con gratulate后习惯上接介词on 表示原因。用法7 :（表目标、去向）去。如：Is this bus for Chicago?这辆公共汽车幵往芝加哥吗？They l leave for Beijing tomorrow.明天他们动身去北京。They set off for the

11、shops.他们买东西去了。Is this the tra in for Shan ghai?这是幵往上海的火车吗？Passe ngers for Tianji ng must cha nge at Beiji ng.去天津的旅客必须在北京换车。【用法说明】 比较for 与to，两者均可表示目的地，注意以下区别：for 通常与 leave, start, set out, set off, head, steer, depart, be bound, be dest ined等动词连用，而 to 则通常与 come, drive, fly, get, go, lead, march, move

12、, return, ride, run, travel, walk等动词连用。如：We departed for London at 10 am.我们上午10点动身去伦敦。Then we drove to the station.然后我们就幵车去了车站。All I want is for us to be together.我希望的只是我们能在一起。并不强调到达的意思；而to含有到达某目的地的意思。如:They sailed for Shan ghai.他们幵船驶往广州。They sailed to Shan ghai. 若与名词连用，也有类似区别他们幵船驶至广州。如:There will b

13、e a tra in for Wuha n.有幵往武汉的火车。（仅表示向武汉方向，但在武汉未必是停靠站）有幵往武汉的火车。顺便说一句，也有的辞书持几乎相反的观点，认为for与toThere will be a tra in to Wuha n.（幵往武汉方向，且在武汉停靠）表示目的地时，for表示的是预定目的地,而to表示的是假设将会到达的目的地。用法8 :（表时间、距离、数量等）达，计如:I m going away for a few days.我要走幵几天。I ve bee n here for ten years.我来这儿有10年了。He walked for ten miles.他走

14、了 10 英里路。The shop sent me a bill for $50.【用法说明】for用于表示时间或距离的长度商店给我送来了一张50美元的账单。（尤其是紧跟在动词之后 ）时，有时可省略。如:The meeti ng lasted (for) three days.会议持续了 3 天They walked （for） fifty miles.但是当for短语位于句首或在否定句中时他们走了 50英里。,for通常不宜省去。如:For ten years he lived here.他在这里住过10年。We have not heard from him for a long time

15、.我们很久没收到他的来信了。用法9 :对，对于。如:Eggs are good for you.鸡蛋对你有好处。Read ing in bed is bad for your eyes.躺在床上看书对你的眼睛不好。Fort un ately for me, the train was also late.【用法说明】关于for 与to表示我很走运，火车也晚点了。“对?来说”时的区别，参见to。用法10 :（表适合）适于，适合。如:Do you have any books for childre n?你有适合小孩子看的书吗?He is the very person for the work.

16、他是最适合做这工作的人。It s a good place for a camp.那是个露营的好地方。She bought some clothes for win ter.她买了些冬天穿的衣服。用法11 :（表交换）换，以？ 作交换。如:He gave her some magaz ines for her dicti onary.他用几本杂志换她的字典。She bought the skirt for $50.她花了 50美元买这条裙子。I bought a pound of apples for 70 cents.Don t translate word for word.我花了七角钱买

17、了一磅苹果。不要逐字硬译。用法12 :作为，当作。女口:Don t take him for a fool.别把他当傻瓜。He mistook a rope for a sn ake.他把一条绳子误认为是蛇。He knew that for a fact.他知道那是事实。The miss ing pers ons were give n up for dead.大家都认为那些失踪的人已死了。【用法说明】用于此义时，有时相当于as, to be, as being，但要注意不同句型的搭配习惯。如:这船建作游艇之用我看他为人老实。I took him for an hon est man. / I

18、 took him to be hon est.It was built for as a pleasure boat.比较:He took her smile for agreeme nt.他把她的微笑视为同意。Will you take me as your part ner?你把我看作你的合伙人好吗？按传统语法，take ? for ?通常指误认为是？，而 take ? as to be则主要指正确地认为是?但在现代英语中，有时并未完全遵守此规则。我们把那房子误以为旅馆。但是与 mistake连用的则通常是for而不是as。如：We mistook the house for a hot

19、el.用法13 :（表支持、赞成）支持，赞成。如:Are you for or aga inst the pla n你是支持还是反对这个计划?I all for the young enjoying themselves.我完全赞成年轻人多玩玩。用法14 :（表基准）就? 来说,以?而言，作为。如:He s done well for a beg inner.作为新手，他干得很好。He is heavy for a small boy.作为一个小男孩而言，他的身体算重的了。She was short for her age.就她的年龄来说，个子是矮了点。The day is cool for

20、July. 用法15 :（表比例）每?7月里这样的日子算是凉快的了。就?如:Plant three trees for every one that is cut down.每砍一棵树要种三棵树。He has one en emy for a hun dred friends.他的敌人与朋友之比为一比一百。For every five who passed, there were two who failed.每5个人及格，就有2个不及格。For every mistake you make, youll lose half a mark.你每犯一个错误，就要扣去半分。【用法说明】 用于此义时

21、，通常与each, every或数词连用。用法16 :代表，代替，代理。如:What s the English for 中国” ？英语里What s theC ” for in“中国”怎么说？BBC中” 的CBBC代表什么？Red is for dan ger.红色代表危险。Let me do it for you.让我替你做吧。在审案期间由律师代表他行事。The lawyer acted for him during the trial.约会定在十点半。用法17 :（表安排的时间）在，于。如:The appo in tme nt is for 10:30.Weve in vited our

22、 guests for 7 o.我们3lock已邀请我们的客人7点钟来。期。Weve booked our holiday for the sec ond week in July.我们的假期安排在七月份的第二个星The n ext meet ing was arran ged for the tenth of May.下次会议已定于 5月10日举行【用法说明】用于此义时,换成for。如：for主要指安排或约定的时间，所以像下面两例中的介词at，in就不能He gets up at six every day.他每天6点钟起床。He was bor n in September, 1988.他出生于1988 年9月用法18 :（表让步）尽管，虽然。如:For all his mon ey, heFor all his efforts, he did ns a very Ion ely man. 他虽然富有，可是非常寂寞。succeed尽管他做.了很多努力，却仍然没有成 功。I love you, for all your shortco