初二英语语法教学大纲

1、动词原形不能作主语,必须用其-ing 形式。例句:She said helping others changed her life.重点短语:direct speech 直接引语reported speech = indirect speech 间接引语first of all = at first 首先pass on 传递be supposed to do sth. 应该做某事be good at = do well in 在某方面做得好in good health 身体健康get over 克服open up 打开care for = take care of = look after 照

2、料;照顾not any more = not any longer = no longer 不再have a cold 感冒end-of-year exam 年终考试get nervous 变得紧张forget to do sth. 忘记做某事(该事未做forget doing sth. 忘记做某事(该事已做it's + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说(加形容词context 上下文Reading Strategy(阅读方法First read for meaning, not for detail. (首先理解文段的大致意思,不在于文段的细节

3、部分。You can understand the meaning of a word you don't know from the context. (至于不懂的单词,你可以通过上下文来寻找它的正确释义。Unit 5 If you go to the party, you'll have a great time!重点语法:if 引导的条件状语从句结构:主句+ if + 条件状语从句if + 条件状语从句+ (comma + 主句注意:在if 引导的条件状语从句中,主句应用将来时态,状语从句用一般现在时态。例句:You'll have a great time if

4、 you go to the party.=If you go to the party, you'll have a great time.重点短语:take away 拿走around the world = all over the world 在世界各地make a living 谋生all the time = always 一直What's the problem? = What's the matter? = What's wrong? 怎么了?in order to do sth. 为了做某事make sb. do sth. 使得某人做某事(to

5、 省略,该结构是一个不带to 的不定式。make sb. adj. 使得某人(加形容词make sb. done 使得某人被做be famous for 为而出名be famous as 作为而出名in class 在课堂上spend .(time/money on sth. = spend .(time/money in doing sth. 花(时间/钱用于做某事see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事(强调整个过程see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事(强调偶然性say said said 动词say 的原形、过去式和过去分词tell told told 动词tell

6、 的原形、过去式和过去分词eat ate eaten 动词eat 的原形、过去式和过去分词speak spoke spoken 动词speak 的原形、过去式和过去分词Unit 6 How long have you been collecting shells?重点语法:现在完成进行时态do/does 的现在完成进行时态形式:have/has been doingdo/does 的现在完成进行时态的被动语态:have/has been being done 现在完成进行时态所应用的场合:某事从过去发生一直持续到现在都在做过去发生的动作对现在造成影响例:我已上了三年初中。I have been

7、 in Junior School for 3 years.自从那次他与我谈过心后,我天天都在进步。I have been making progress since he talked with me that time.现在完成进行时态的肯定句、否定句和疑问句形式:肯定句例句:I have been skating for five hours.否定句例句:I haven't been skating for five hours.一般疑问句例句:Have you been skating for five hours?特殊疑问句例句:How long have you been

8、skating?注意:瞬间动词不能和一段时间连用。例句:你借这本书已经多长时间了?How long have you been keeping this book?重点短语:run out of 用完;用尽by the way 顺便说说be interested in doing sth. 对某事感兴趣more than 比多far away 在远处would like to do sth. = want to do sth. = feel like doing sth. 想要做某事send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物赠送给某人in fact 实际上room

9、 房间(用于可数名词;空间(用于不可数名词common more common the most common 形容词common 的原级、比较级和最高级Reading Strategy(阅读方法Let your eyes "scan" the text quickly to find details that you're looking for. (在阅读文章之前,用眼睛“横扫”整篇文章,快速寻找你需要的文章要点。You can find information quickly without reading the whole text. (这样你就不用细读整

10、篇文章,就能寻找到你需要的一些信息。Unit 7 Would you mind turning down the music?重点语法:mind one's doing sth. 介意(某人做某事重点短语:not at all 一点也不turn down 调节使音量变小right away = in a minute = at once 立刻;马上wait in line 排队等候cut in line 插队等候hasn't = has notkeep . down 压低声音;使缓和at first = first of all 首先take care 当心;小心take ca

11、re of = care about = look after 关心;照顾break the rule 违规obey the rule 遵守规定put out 熄灭pick sth. up 捡起某物wait for sb. 等候某人depend on 依赖;依靠get back = return 要回mean meant meant 动词mean 的原形、过去式和过去分词Reading Strategy(阅读方法As we read, we need to find "topic sentences".(在我们阅读的时候,我们需要寻找“主题语句”,也就是和文章中心最相关的语

12、句。 These sentences usually gives us a "summary", or overall meaning of each paragraph and help us understand what the paragraph is about.(这些语句通常会给我们一些文章的“概要”,或者每个文段的全部意思,来帮助我们理解段落大意。 After the topic sentence comes more detail and explanation.(当“主题语句”出现后,该段的一些解释和细节也就会随之出现。Unit 8 Why don'

13、;t you get her a scarf?重点语法:询问别人为什么要做或者不做某事why don't you do sth. = why not do sth.例句:Why don't you get her a camera? = Why not get her a camera?what about = how about例句:How about some tennis balls? = What about some tennis balls?重点短语:fall asleep 入睡give away 赠送;分发hear of = hear about 听说take a

14、n interest in = be interested in 对感兴趣make friends with 与交友make progress 取得进步keep kept kept 动词keep 的原形、过去式和过去分词feed fed fed 动词feed 的原形、过去式和过去分词fall fell fallen 动词fall 的原形、过去式和过去分词hear heard heard 动词hear 的原形、过去式和过去分词Reading Strategy(阅读方法To understand the important ideas from the text, we must "su

15、mmarize".(为了了解文段最主要的意图,我们必须要进行总结。 Do this by answering "who, what, where, why" questions as you read.(在阅读时,常注意回答时间、地点、人物这些基本要素问题,达到总结的目的。Unit 9 Have you ever been to an amusement?重点语法:现在完成时态do/does 的现在完成时态形式:(have/has donedo/does 的现在完成时态的被动语态:(have/has been done现在完成时态主要强调过去发生的事情对现在的影响

16、。例句:我去年去过美国,那是我第一次出国。I have ever been to America. It's the first time for me to go abroad.重点短语:have a great time = have a good time = have fun = enjoy oneself 玩得高兴on board 在船上end up doing sth. 结束做某事all year round = all over the year 终年understand understood understood 动词understand 的原形、过去式和过去分词Rea

17、ding Strategy(阅读方法After reading, write down three or more things you have learned. (在阅读整篇文章之后,把你学到的三样或更多事物写下来。We always remember things better if we take time to reflect. (如果我们花时间去思考一些问题的话,那么我们就能更容易地记住一些事情。Unit 10 It's a nice day, isn't it?重点语法:反意疑问句反意疑问句由肯定陈述句加否定问句构成,或者由否定陈述句加肯定问句构成。例句:He's a student, isn't he?She's not his mother, is she?回答反意疑问句时,要根据事实来回答。若事实是肯定的,则必须用yes 回答。若事实是否定的,则必须用no 回答。例句:你还没有准备好,对吧?You're not