15语法复习十五：形容词和副词

1、语法复习十五：形容词和副词比较级和最高级及其使用形容词的比较级和最高级说 明例 词一般情况加 er, estsmaller,smallest以 e 结尾加 r,stlarger,largest单音节词和少数多以 "辅音字母 +y " 改 y 为 i ，再busier,busiest音节的形容词，加加 er,est结尾的词词尾 er ,est重读闭音节结双写末尾辅尾，末尾只有一音 字母 ，加 fatter,fattest个辅音字母er,est以 ow,er 结尾的加 er ,estnarrower,narrowest双音节词cleverer,clevest多数双音节和多音mo

2、re beautiful,most加 more mostimportant节的词副词的比较级和最高级1大多数以 ly 结尾的副词前加more 和 most 来构成比较级和最高级。2少数单音节副词，加er,est 构成其比较级和最高级。几个特殊的形容词和副词85原级比较级最高级good ,wellbetterbestbad, ill, badlyworseworstmany ,muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther, furtherfarthest,furtheroldolder, elderoldest, eldest比较级和最高级的常用句型名称句型例句相等

3、as 原形 as(as 原 The train travels as fast as the 3:55 train.形+名词 as )He has not as much money as his friend.notas(so)原 形as不及(notasso + 名 词 + 原 形 She is not as (so)beautiful as her sister.as )比较级 + thanHealth is more important than wealth.the +比较级 +of the two超越He is the taller of the two.两者中较 的一个用于否定no

4、+ 比 较 级 +than He is no richer than I.他和我一样和 一样不不富有。用于否定 最 不过His work couldn't be worse.他的工作再糟糕不过了。86er and er，more and more+ higherandhighermoreandmore程度递增多音节词原级(越来越 ) important两种情况the +比较级， the+比较级 The quicker you get ready, the sooner同时变化（越 ，越 ）we'll be able to leave.三者或三the +最高级 +of/in+ 比

5、较范 Of all things in the world, people are the者以上比（ 之中最 ）precious.围较比较级结构的修饰语1用于原级之前：almost, nearly, just, exactly, quite, half , twice,three times , a third,etc.John is almost as tall as you.The river is three times as long as that one.We have a third as many students as we had last term.2用于比较级前many

6、, a few (用于 "more +可数名词 "前)It takes many more hours to go there by train than by plane.a lot, much , a bit, even, a little , still, a great deal, far, rather, two years, ten percent,three times etc.It's cold this year, but it's even colder last year.We produced 6% more grain this y

7、ear than we did last year.3用于形容词和最高级前the very , much the ,by far the ,the first/second87This hat is by far the largest in the world.Gold is the very most valuable of all materials .位置与功能高考重点要求1掌握形容词、副词比较级、最高级的常用句型及用法2掌握形容词、副词的原级、比较级和最高级修饰语及倍数的比较表达。3注意多外形容词修饰同一名词的前后顺序。4分清常用同义与近义形容词在表达中的语义差别。此项语法内容从19

8、91 年到达 2001 年间共出现 45 次（包括上海题），可见其重要。形容词作用与位置1定语。在名词前做定语，为最常见用法。请注意多个形容词（含其它起形容词作用的词）做前置定语的顺序。" 县官行令杀国才。 "这一句就概述了形容词顺序问题。即：限（冠词 物主代词、指示代词 数词等）观 （描绘） 形（大小、形状等） 龄 （年龄、新旧等）色（色彩）国（国籍、出处等）材（材料、功用等）an interesting English film a heavy black Chinese silk umbrella做后置定语。修饰由不定代词no ,any, some ，every 和

9、one,thing 等构成的复合词或形容词短语。2表语。一定要注意系动词的出现情况。这是一个高考热点问题。常见系动词有： be变化系词：become, get ,turn, grow, go保持系词：keep ,remain, stay感观系词：look, smell , taste, feel, sound,appear , seem ,prove etc.883.形容词作状语，表状况、原因、结果等。这也是应注意的一点。He went to bed , cold and hungry.4.做宾补。N：某些以 a 开始的形容词只做表语，不做定语。afraid, alike, alone, as

10、leep ,awake，alive某些表身体健康状况的形容词只能做表语,不做定语well, ill faint某些以 -ly 结尾的词是形容词而不是副词。friendly, lively, lovely, lonely, likely, deadly, orderly等。复合形容词的形式问题。an 800-meter-wide river an English-speaking country a middle-aged man副词位置1）时间副词和地点副词一般放于句尾。如同时出现，则地点副词在前。They went boating in Zhongshan Park yesterday.2)

11、表频率的时间副词是高考的热点always, seldom, often, never, rarely, usually 等，通常放于行为动词之前，be 词、情态动词和助动词之后。He is always telling lies,so I will never believe him.3)程度副词一般放在被修饰词之前（但 enough除外） He is very young ,so he is not old enough to go to school.N: 有些副词有两种形式，一个与形容词同形，一个以 ly 结尾，但它们的含义是不同的。closely-close nearly-near f

12、reely-free deeply-deep highly-high widely-wide 等。以 ly 结尾的词表较为抽象的含义，而与形容词同形的副词则表较为具体的概念。89He is highly praised for what he has done. 高(度地 )He can see a bird is flying high in the sky（.飞得高，具有可见性）练习、形容词和副词高考题选：1.John has three sisters. Mary is the _ of the three. (MET88)A. most cleverestB. more cleverC

13、. cleverestD. cleverer2.The students are_ young people between the age of sixteen and twenty. (MET88)A. mostB. almostC. mostlyD. at most3.She told us _story that we all forgot about the time. (MET88)A. such an interestingB. such interesting aC. so an interestingD. a so interesting4.It is impossible

14、for so_ workers to do so work in a single day. (MET88)A. few, muchB. few, manyC. little, muchD. little, many5.The horse is getting old and can't run _ it did. (MET88)A. as faster asB. so fast thanC. so fast asD. as fast as6.The story sounds_ . (MET89)A. to be trueB. as trueC. being trueD. true7.

15、I'd been expecting _ letters the whole morning, but there weren't _ for me. (MET89)A. some; anyB. many; a fewC. some; oneD. a few; none8.This year they have produced _ grain _ they did last year. (MET89)A. as less; asB. as few; asC. less; thanD. fewer; than9.After the new technique was intro

16、duced, the factory produced _ tractors in 1988 asthe year before. (MET90)A. as twice manyB. as many twiceC. twice as manyD. twice many as9010.The pianos in the other shop will be , but_ . (MET90)A. cheaper; not as betterB. more cheaper; not as betterC. cheaper; not as goodD. more cheap; not as good1

17、1.-Can I help you?-Well,I'mafraid the box is_ heavy for you, but thank you all the same.(MET90)A. soB. muchC. veryD. too12.-Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown's office?-I'm sorry, but Mr. Brown_ workshere. He leftabout three weeks ago.(MET90)A. not nowB. no moreC. not stillD. no longer13.If we

18、 had followed his plan, we could have done the job better with _ money and_ people. (MET90)A. less; lessB. fewer; fewerC. less; fewerD. fewer; less14.Oh, John. _ you gave me! (MET90)A. How a pleasant surpriseB. How pleasant surpriseC. What a pleasant surpriseD. What pleasant surprise15.-How did you

19、find your visit to museum?-I thoroughly enjoyed it. It was _ than I expected. (MET91)A. far more interestingB. even much interestingC. so more interestingD. a lot much interesting16.Canada is larger than _ country in Asia. (NMET91)A. anyB. any otherC. otherD. another17.Those oranges taste_ . (MET91)

20、A. goodB. wellC. to be goodD. to be well18.The experiment was _ easier than we had expected. (NMET91)91A. moreB. much moreC. muchD. more much19._ food you've cooked! (NMET91 )A. How a niceB. What a niceC. How niceD. What nice20.Go and get your coat. It's _ you left it. (MET92)A. thereB. wher

21、eC. there whereD. where there21.John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes_ . (MET92)A. openB. to be openedC. to openD. opening22.-Are you feeling _?-Yes, I' m fine now. (NMET92)A. any wellB. any betterC. quite goodD. quite better23.Which is_ country, Canada or Australia? (MET92)A. a

22、largeB. largerC. a largerD. the larger24. -Will you give this message to Mr. White, please?-Sorry, I can't. He _. (MET92)A. doesn't any more work hereB. doesn't any longer here workC. doesn't work any more hereD. doesn't work here any longer25.How can you finish the drawing? (MET

23、92)A. oftenB. soonC. longD. rapid26._ terrible weather we've been having these days! (MET92)A. How aB. What aC. HowD. What27.It takes a long time to go there by train. It's_ by road.(MET93)A. quickB. the quickestC. much quickD. quicker28._ from Beijing to London! (MET93)A. How long way it is

24、B. What a long way is itC. How long way is itD. What a long way it is9229.She doesn't speak_ her friends, but her written work is excellent. (MET93)A. as well asB. as often asC. so much asD. as good as30.-Mum, I think I'm_ to get back to school.-Not really, Mydear. You'dbetter stay athom

25、e foranother day or two.(NMET93)A. so wellB. so goodC. well enoughD. good enough31.-If you don't like the red coat, take the blue one.-OK, but do you have size_ in blue? This one's a bit tight for me. (NMET93)A. a bigB. a biggerC. the bigD. the bigger32.John plays footbal_ , if not better th

26、an, Davi. (NMET94)A. as wellB. as well asC. so wellD. so well as33.We all write_ ,even when there's net much to say. (NMET94)A. now and thenB. by and byC. step by stepD. more or less34.-Do you remember _ he came?-Yes I do, he came by car. (NMET94)A. howB. whenC. thatD. if35.If there were no exam

27、inations, we should have _at school. (NMET94)A. the happiest timeB. a more happier timeC. much happiest timeD. a much happier time36.-Have you finished your report yet?-No, I'll finish in_ ten minutes. (NMET95)A. anotherB. otherC. moreD. less37.-I'd like _ information about the management of

28、 your hotel, please.-Well, you could have _ word withthe manager. He might be helpful.(NMET95)A. some; aB. an; someC. some; someD. an; a9338. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty,_ great it is. (NMET95)A. whatB. howC. howeverD. whatever39.We decided not to climb the mountain

29、s because it was raining _. (NMET96)A. badlyB. hardlyC. stronglyD. heavily40.How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _. (NMET96)A. the better voiceB. a good voiceC. the best voiceD. a better voice41.Tony is going camping with _ boys. (NMET93)A. little two otherB. two little otherC. two other l

30、ittleD. little other two42.-How was your recent visit to Qingdao? (NMET95)-It was great. We visited some friends, and spent _the days at the seaside.A. few last sunnyB. last few sunnyC. last sunny fewD. few sunny last43. Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people?(MET95)A. such; suchB. such; soC. so; soD. so; such44. Wait till you are more_ .It's better to be sure than sorry. (NMET97)A. inspiredB. satisfiedC. calmD. certain45. Professor White has written so