酒精分类、标准及用途

1、酒精分类、标准及用途酒精分类、标准及用途Ethanol classification, standard and酒精广泛应用于食品、化学、医药、染料等行 业，酒精又是十分重要的清洁能源。通常，酒精 按含杂质多少分为：无水酒精、食用酒精、工业 酒精。Ethanol widely applies to many industries such as food, chemistry, medicine, dye and etc. In general, ethanolis divided toanhydrous ethanol, edible ethanol and industrialethano

2、l according to its impuritycontent.一、无水酒精 Anhydrous ethanol无水酒精产品质量执行中华人民共和国国家 标准GB/T678-2002化学试剂无水乙醇标 准。The product quantity of anhydrous ethanol execute the state criteria of the People's Republic of China GB/T678-2002 <Chemical Reagent- anhydrous ethanolstandard优级纯名称NameGuarantee分析纯化学纯Anal

3、yticChemicreagentally pureal pure乙醇的质量分数Mass fraction of ethanol(CH3CH2OH)/%密度Density (20C)/(g/mL)与水混合试验Test mix with water蒸发残渣的质量 分数Mass fraction of evaporation>99.80.7890.791合格Qualified>99.7>99.50.7890.791合格Qualified0.7890.791合格Qualified< 0.0005 < 0.001< 0.001residue /%酸度(以 H+计)&

4、lt;0.02<0.04<0.1Acidity(byH+)/(mmol/100 g)碱度(以OH- 计)Alkalinity (by OH-)/(mmol/10 0g) 水分的质量分数 Mass fractionof water/%甲醇(CH3OH )的质量分数Mass fractionof methanol(CH3OH ) /%异丙醇(CH3)2CHOH的质量分数Mass fractionofisopropanol<0005<0.01<0.03<0.2<0.3<0.5<0.02<0.05<0.2< 0.003<0.

5、01<0.05CH3 2CHOH/% 璇基化合物（以CO计）的质量分 卜Mass fractionOf carbonyl compound （byCO）/%< 0.003< 0.003< 0.005易炭化物质Readily carbonizable substance合格Qualifie d合格Qualifie d合格Qualifie d铁（Fe）的质量 力数Mass fractionofferrum（Fe）/%< 0.00001锌（Ze）的质量“数Mass fraction< 0.00001of zinc/%还原高镒酸钾物<0.0002 <0.

6、0002 <0.0006 质(以O计)的 质量分数/% Mass fraction of reducing potassium permanganate substance (by O)/%用途：化学试剂、化学原料、防腐剂、消毒、 燃料、有机溶剂等。Application:chemical reagent, chemical material, preservative, disinfection, fuel, organicsolvent and etc.二、食用酒精 Edible ethanol食用酒精产品质量执行中华人民共和国国家 标准GB10343-2002适用于谷物、薯类、糖密

7、为 原料，经发酵、蒸储而制成的含水酒精，为食品 工业专用的食用酒精。The product quantity of edible ethanol executes the state criteria of the People's Republic of China GB10343-2002, which applies to the aqueous ethanol make from grains, yams or molasses as raw material and through fermentation and distillation. It is the approp

8、riative edible ethanol for food industry.食用酒精GB10343-2002 »标准Edible ethanolGB10343-2002 » Standard、感官要求 Sense requirements特级优级普级项目ItemExtraFineCommongradegradegrade气味Smell具有乙醇香，无异 昧Hasethanol无异臭noobiectionalaroma )noobjectional odorodor匚味 taste纯净、微 甜pure, subtly sweet纯正、微 甜pure, subtly swe

9、et较纯正 Comparative pure1 化要求 Analytical requirements号标名称tem单位Unit(GB10343-2002)特级Extra优级Fine普Common及w口度 Chroma号No.101010酒精含量Ethanol content >%(v/v)96.095.595.0硫酸试验Sulfuric acid <号No.51060氧化时间Oxidation time >Min403020总醛（以乙醛计）Totalaldehyde（ by<acetaldehydemg/l1330甲醇Methanol <mg/l250150正

10、丙 醇Normal propyl alcohol <mg/l235100异丁醇+异戊 醇Isobutanol + isoamylol <mg/l1230总酸（以乙酸计）Total acid （bymg/l71020acetic acid) <总酯(以乙酸 乙酯计)Totalester(byethylacetate) <mg/l101825不挥发物Nonvolatile mater <mg/l102025重金属(以Pb 计)Heavy metal (by Pb) <mg/l1氧化物(以HCN 计) Cyanide (by HCN) wmg/l5*用途：白酒、饮

11、料、乙酸乙酯、丁醇、丙酮医药等Application:distilled spirit, drink,ethylacetate, butanol, acetone, medicine and etc.三、工业酒精工业酒精产品质量执行中华人民共和国国家标 准GB/T394.1-94适用于谷物、薯类、糖密为原 料，经发酵、蒸僭而制成的含水工业酒精。其杂 质指标比食用酒精宽松。按其生产的酒精不得用 于食品、饮料。The product quantity of industrial ethanol executes the state criteria of the People's Repu

12、blic of China GB/T394.1-94, which applies to the aqueous ethanol make from grains, yams or molasses as raw material and through fermentation and distillation. Its impurity indicator is easier than edible ethanol. The ethanol that produced following this standard cannot be used for food and drink.工业酒

13、精GB/T394.1-94 »标准Industrial ethanol « GB/T394.1-94 » standard项目Item指标 Index优等品High-cl ass一等品First-r ate合格品Qualifi ed粗酒 精Crudproductprodu ctprodu cte ethan ol外观Appearance无色透明液体Color less and clear liquid淡黄 色液 体Faint yello w liquid1(色度/号Chroma/No.< 10一气味Smell无异臭no objectional odor一丁I

14、乙醇Ethanol(20 C ) (V/V) %>96.0>95.5花5.0>95.0彳C(流酸度验号Sulfuric acid degrees< 10<80<一一Check No./min七( /氧化时间Oxidization degrees min>30>15>5一1 i(建(以乙醛 出)aldehyde(by < mcetaldehy ie) /mg L-1<530 W一一杂醇油(以异 醇+异戊醇 计)Fusel ( by Isobutanol + isoamylol ) /mg L21< 10<80<一甲醇Methanol/m<800< 1200<一g L-酸（以乙酸 计）acid(byacetic acid) /mg L-1< 10<20一酯(以乙酸乙 酯计)ester (byethyl ac