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1、word可编辑 短文改错专题一形容词和副词一、考点聚焦1、形容词、副词的语法作用与位置形容词是用来修饰名词的,常被放在名词前作定语,或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词那么用来修饰形容词、动词,其他副词或者句子,一般位于形容词之前,动词之后或句子之首。视觉成像以下属几种特殊情况,须牢记;1形容词短语作定语,定语后置。a language difficult to master, a leaning tower about 180 feet high2表语形容词afraid、alike、alone、asleep、awake、alive等作定语,定语后置。如a man alive。有些表身体健康状况的形
2、容词如well、faint、ill只作表语。sick既可作表语又可作定语,ill如作定语意为“bad。3用作定语,修饰由不定代词one、no、any、some和every构成的复合词如anything、something等时,通常后置。如:I have something important to tell you.4else常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。5enough、修饰名词前置,enough修饰形容词、副词时,必须后置。(6)形容词变副词:规那么例外:不规那么变化9个good many such fast prettyearly enough no right7特殊形容词副词以下单
3、词以-ly结尾,但却是形容词而非副词:lively、lonely、lovely、deadly、friendly、ugly、silly、likely、brotherly、timely等。表愿意无-ly和引申意(有-ly)的副词:deep深 wide宽广 high高 low位置低deeply深入地 widely广泛地 highly高度地 lowly地位卑微有无-ly意义大不相同的副词:dead完全,绝对be dead asleep deadly非常be deadly tired pretty相当be pretty certain that prettily漂亮地be prettily dresse
4、dclose近Dont sit close. closely密切地Watch closely! late晚、迟arrive late, come late lately最近I havent seen him lately(recently). hardhardly3、形容词和副词的比拟等级1原级的构成和用法。构成:形容词、副词的原级即本身。用法:表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时,用“as + 原级形容词/副词 + as的结构;表示双方不相等时,用“not so(as) + 原级形容词/副词 + as的结构;表示一方是另一方的假设干倍时,用“倍数 + as + 原级形容词/副词 + as
5、的结构。如:Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.This building looks not so (as)high as that one.Miss Xu speaks English as fluently as you .This room is three times as large as that one.2比拟级和最高级的构成。掌握比拟级和最高级的变化规那么,熟记少数不符合规那么的特殊形容词和副词。3比拟级的用法。对方比拟,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比拟级 + than的结构表示。如:This picture is more beautiful th
6、an that one.表示一方不及另一方时,用“less + 原级 + than的结构表示。如: This room is less beautiful than that one.比拟级构成视觉成像表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时,可在比拟级前加表示程度的状语,如even、a lot、a bit、a little、still、much、far、yet、by far等修饰。修饰比拟级如:He works even harder than before.He found he got 2cm higher than one year before when he measured himsel
7、f yesterday.Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting.A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest注意:英语的比拟级前如无even、still或yet等时,译成汉语时可用“较或“一些或不译出,一般不可有“更。如:She is better than she was yesterdayPlease come earlier tomorrow.比拟级的特殊结构另注意:by far通常用于强调最高级。用于比拟级时,一般放在比拟级的后面,如在前面,应在二者
8、中间加“the。如:He is taller by far than his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时,用“the + 比拟级主语 + 谓语,the + 比拟级主语 + 谓语的结构意为“越越。如:The harder he works, the happier he feels.不与其他事物相比,表示本身程度的改变时,用“比拟级 + and + 比拟级的结构。如:The weather is getting colder and colder.The girl becomes more
9、 and more beautiful.某些以-ior结尾的形容词进行比拟时,用to代替than。这些词有inferior劣等的,次的、superior较好的,优于、junior资历较浅的、senior资格较老的、prior在之前等。He is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.在比拟从句中为了防止重复,我们通常用that(those)、one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that指物,one既可指人又可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词,而one只能代替可数名词。The book on the table is more interesting
10、than that(或the one)on the desk.A box made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.倍数表达法。AA is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length, depth, width, size ,weight etc.)of B.这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大高。The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.这座新楼比那座旧楼大三倍高三倍。BA is three(four, etc
11、.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲比欧洲大三倍。CA is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B. Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。用times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上,两倍可以用twice或double.比拟级与否认词连用表示最高级意义1)-What do you think of her performan
12、ce-She couldnt behave better. /I havent seen such a better one before.2)-How do you like the movie-It cant be _. It is so boringA. goodB. badC. worseD. better(4)最高级的用法。三者或三者以上相比,表示最高程度时,用“the + 最高级的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比拟围的介词短语。如:Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works(the)hardest in his class.How
13、much did the second most expensive hat costHe is the tallest(boy)in his class.最高级完整结构: (7)重要的词语辨析Aago、before, ago表示以现在为起点的“以前;before指以过去或将来的某时刻为起点的“以前。泛指“以前用before而不用ago。Balready、yet、still, already表示某事已经发生;yet表示期待某事发生;still表示某事还在进行,主要用于肯定句。(C)too、also、either, too和also用于肯定句,too多用于口语,also多用于书面语,either
14、用于否认句。(D)good、well:与good不同的是,well作形容词,只能在系动词后作表语,表示“身体状况好,也作副词修饰动词。本次课重点视觉成像课堂练习真题演练1. My friend Nick told me a story about his experience back in the US, which was very interested. (10全国)2. I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. (12 全国)3. We lived in a comforta
15、bly double-room with a big bath. (2012 )4. Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happily. (2012)5. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. (2022 全国)6. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost! (2022 全国)7. So really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. (2022
16、 全国大纲)8. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird. (2022 )9. Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a seriously problem. (2022 全国)10. Much rare animals are dying out. (2022 全国I)11. Dad and I were terrible worried. (2022 全国II)12. Its been three Saturd
17、ays now and it really costs me many. (2022 )13. I could easy see the football field. (2022 )14. My mum makes the better biscuits in the world. So I decide to ask her for help. (15 )15. I thought the biscuits were really well. (2022 )16. Interesting, it had a connection with the British porcelain ind
18、ustry. (2022 全国II)17. I remember my grandfather very much. (2022 全国I)18. When the teacher asks us very difficulty questions, Ill think quickly and stand to answer. (2022 全国)19. Nang is a specially kind of cake in Xinjiang. (2022全国卷1)20. If you'd
19、0;like to make a trip to our city some day, I will be better than happy to be your guide. (2022全国卷2)21. Instead, he hopes that his business will grow steady. 2022全国卷122. At one time , I even felt my parents cou
20、ldnt understand me so I hoped I could be freely from them. 2022全国卷323. They were also the best and worse years in my life . 2022全国卷3能力提升1. For one reason, what you are studying is bad needed nowadays in our country.2. I had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! 3. It, of course, will
21、be beneficially to your understanding of the Chinese language.4. When she dropped me off, I pulled out the toy slow and gave it back.5. Since his family was rich than mine, he had more toys than I did.6. Unfortunate, the problem was the journey home.7. The assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my
22、 sister, but I just thought it was funny!8. Some people are against the plan, but much more support it.9. Betty stood closely to her teacher and watched closely what he was doing.10. Ill also do plenty of exercise, which wont do me any harm too.11. Whenever I think of the old days, I feel very happi
23、ly.12. You wont be able to get any farther information until tomorrow.13. When I came back into the house, it was raining more harder and harder.14. If all the people drive such cars in the future, there will be fewer pollution in the air.15. He knew such little French that he couldnt make himself u
24、nderstood.16. Some people online shopping is more convenient and the goods are cheap.17. John was so sleepy that he could hardly keep his eyes opening.18. Everyone tried their best to reach the top of the hill as faster as they could.19. This morning on my way to school I was deep moved by what I sa
25、w outside a bank.20. The old man counted the money again and found that not a single bill was missed.21. Some students may wonder why, as they think being a teacher is hard while the pay is little.22. In size, New Zealand is bigger than Guangdong Province, yet has a much small population.23. In addi
26、tion, having a glimpse of the vivid pictures and living videos on the Internet contributes to regaining my energy.24. It is a beautiful car, but it is not worthy the price that I paid for it.25. Thats why an American gets uneasy when a listener is silence and show no change of expression.26. He is p
27、ossible to come to help us if he doesnt have to attend the meeting.27. Maybe I feel comfortable and relaxed in totally darkness.28. Road safety has aroused the widely attention of the public.29. It is what we have experienced along the way to success that we treasure and enjoy mostly.30. The interne
28、t also has bad effects on people, specially on teenagers.课后作业:语法填空练习十Enough sleep is important to health. The amount of sleep needed 1_ on the age of the person and the conditions in 2_sleep takes place. The young may need more sleep than 3_ old, but usually eight hours are enough for the health of
29、grown-ups. Some can do with 4_ than this amount, but others may need more. Every person knows his own need. 5_ is then a matter of good judgment to satisfy his need. Sleep 6_ always be enough to make one bring back his 7_ (strong) and get ready for a days work. Fresh air is necessar
30、y to sound sleep. So it is not without reason for some people 8_think that it is practicable to sleep in the open air. A bath at bedtime, 9_ hot nor cool but of body temperature, may be helpful to sleep. Sleep producing drug(帮助睡眠的药物) should never be taken except when 10_ (suggest) by a doctor.语法填空练习
31、十一I asked my uncle, who plays 1_ piano well, 2_ he would assess (评定) the tone of a second-hand piano I was hoping to buy. We arrived 3_ the house and Uncle Frank looked the piano over, then 4_ (sit) down and played a mixture of honky-tonk numbers and classical pieces. When he finished, we told the f
32、amily that we would call 5_ in 15 minutes.Outside, Uncle Frank said that 6_ the wood was battered (坏掉的),the sound was good and we should buy it.When I phoned the woman back, she sounded as if she was crying. Concerned, I asked, “Whats the 7_“We didnt know the piano 8_ play like that, she replied. Th
33、e piano wasnt 9_ sale, and 10_ daughter had to resume(重新开始) taking piano lessons.语法填空练习十二In North America people are always in 1_ hurry. Children have special lessons or sports activities 2_ school. Parents often work late and 3_ get home until 7 or 8 oclock at night. Most North American f
34、amilies dont have time to prepare a meal. That is 4_ fast food is so popular in North America. People 5_ about 40% of their dollars on fast food.People usually buy fast food from restaurant chains 6_ they can enjoy pizza, sandwiches and so on. Fast food saves work and time, but it is not 7_ (nu
35、trition).American fast-food companies now have restaurants all over the world. But not 8_ is happy about the spread(扩展)of fast food. A group of people in Italy want to fight 9_ the spread. They dont like the idea of more fast food chains 10_(open) restaurants in their country.短文改错1.【2012全国
36、新课标】I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive. From the time I was about four until I was about six, I destroyed each of my toy. I was happy when the toys worked, but when things did wrong, I got angry and broke it. For a while parents bought me new toys. But before
37、 long they began to see which was happening. When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy train, my father said, "That's it. No more toys to you." My punishment lasted a year. Meanwhile, I found out that with more patience I must make my toys to last. My attitude changed from then on.2.【201
38、2卷】My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet co
39、nnection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.3.【20
40、12卷】Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. 1 called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was
41、so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thing to do.形容词副词答案真题演练.word可编辑1. interested interesting 2. little less 3. comfortably comforta
42、ble 4. happily happy5. taste tasty6. wonderfully wonderful7. really real8. immediate immediately9. seriously serious10. Much Many11. terribleterribly12. many much13. easy easily14. better best15. well good16. Interesting Interestingly17. much well 18. difficulty -difficult.word可编辑19.speciallyspecial
43、 20.better-more21. steadysteadily 22.freelyfree23.worseworst 能力提升.word可编辑1. bad badly 2. hardly hard3. beneficially beneficial4. slow slowly5. rich richer6. Unfortunate Unfortunately7. embarrassing-embarrassed8. much many9. closely close10. too either11. happily happy12. farther- further13. more 删掉1
44、4. fewer less15. such so16. cheap -cheaper.word可编辑17. opening open 18. faster fast19. deep deeply20. missed missing21. little low22. small smaller23. living live 24. worthy worth25. silence silent26. possible likely27. totally total28. widely wide29. mostly most30. specially -especially .word可编辑语法填空
45、练习九1 it 2 was given 3 ages 4 no 5 how 6 a 7 than 8 especially 9 with 10 more语法填空练习十 1 depends 2 which 3 the 4 less 5 It 6 should 7 stren
46、gth 8 to9 neither 10 suggested语法填空练习十一1 the 2 whether/if 3 at 4 sat 5 them 6 though/although 7 matter/trouble 8 could/should 9 for 10 her语法填空练习十二1 a 2 after 3 dont
47、; 4 why 5 spend 6 where/and 7 nutritious 8 everyone/everybody 9 against 10 opening1.【答案】little-less【解析】根据文意:我不得不多一些耐心而少一些挑衅性。此处less修饰形容词。【考点定位】考查副词的用法。2.【答案】toytoys【解析】根据each of 可知,应该是我的玩具中的每一个,故用复数形式toys。【考点定位】考查名词的单复数形式。3.【答案】didwent
48、或者did 后加go【解析】考查短语go wrong意为:出错。【考点定位】考查固定短语的表达法。4.【答案】itthem【解析】此处前文指toys,所以后用them。【考点定位】考查代词指代一致。5.【答案】在parents前加my parents bought me new toys.此处my和me对应。【解析】英语中需前后一致,my6.【答案】which-what【解析】此处what作宾语从句的主语,句意:看所发生是一切。【考点定位】考查名词性从句的连接词。7.【答案】tear-tore【解析】通过观察整个文章的时态以及my fifth birthday可知,此处用一般过去时。【考点定位
49、】考查动词时态错误。8.【答案】to-for【解析】此处意为:不再给你买玩具了。Toys for sb意为:给某人的玩具。9.【答案】mustcould/might【解析】根据文意:拥有更多的耐心,我就能使玩具使用的更久。【考点定位】考查情态动词考点。10.【答案】去掉last前的to【解析】解题关键:make sb/sth do,此处make作“使解,其后接不带to的不定式作宾补。【考点定位】考查不定式作宾语补足语1.时态:visitvisited前后时态一致。 2.连词误用:butand/so.这里是顺承而不是转折。
50、160; 3.go to anywherego anywhere副词前不用介词。 4.副词误用:comfortablycomfortable这里是形容词修饰名词而不用副词。 5.主谓一致:werewas从句做主语谓语动词用单数。 6.固定搭配:shared for shared with 误用搭配 7.非谓语:takingtaken这里需要过去分词作定语,照片和照是被动关系。
51、160; 8.名词复数:dishdishes 可数名词被several修饰用复数。 9.such 后加 a ,hotel是单数可数名词。 10.memine双重所属格的误用。难点为:第8、10两道小题。 Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an
52、160; ago
53、; Unfortunately accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two
54、 week. I
55、;
56、; weekscalled my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be but
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