2020年中考英语语法复习ppt课件

1、中考语法专项复习中考语法专项复习代代 词词 中考语法专项复习中考语法专项复习 代词代词人称代词：主格、宾格人称代词：主格、宾格不定代词不定代词物主代词：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词物主代词：形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词反身代词反身代词指示代词指示代词疑问代词疑问代词一、人称代词：主格和宾格一、人称代词：主格和宾格 主格主格 宾格宾格第一人称第一人称 单数单数 I me （我）（我） 复数复数 we us （我们）（我们）第二人称第二人称 单数单数 you you （他）（他） 复数复数 you you （你们）（你们）第三人称第三人称 单数单数 he / she / it him /

2、her / it 复数复数 they them （他们）（他们）用法：用法： 1。主格。主格 + 动词动词 + 宾格宾格 eg : I help him and he helps me 2. 介词后用宾格介词后用宾格 eg : Some of them like playing football.3. 人称的排列人称的排列 ： 二二 ，三，一，三，一 (单数）单数） 一，二，三一，二，三 （复数）（复数） eg : you , he and I ( 他，他， 他，我）他，我） we , you and they (我们，你们，他们）我们，你们，他们）Ex ：Miss Zhang teaches

3、 _ math. A. we B. us C. our D. ours2. _ like playing soccer with _. A. Them , me B. They, I C. They , me D. Them,I3. Tom is a new student. _ knew none of _. A. He, us B.He , we C. Him , us D. His, we4. You can sit between_. A. he and I B. him and me C. me and him5. _ all come here early. A. Them B.

4、She C. We D. Us BC A BC1. _ am a student . Jim is my brother . _ is a student ,too. Both of _ like English.2. Mary is an English . _ teaches us English.3. His mother asked _ to look after his sister.4. _ are students . So _must study hard (我们）我们）5. Can you look after _? （他们）（他们）6. My father is very

5、kind . _ likes talking to _ （我们）（我们）.7. Do you know where Lucy and Lily are . _ （我）（我） cant find _他们）他们）8. _ am here. Can you see _ （我）（我）?9. Does _她她 ）like _ （它）（它）?10 . _(他他) plays basketball better than _(我）我） IHe us She himWe we themHe usI themI me she itHe me 二、物主代词：二、物主代词： “的的” 形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代

6、词 名词性物主代词名词性物主代词第一人称第一人称 单数单数 my mine （我的）（我的） 复数复数 our ours （我们的）（我们的）第二人称第二人称 单数单数 your yours （你的）（你的） 复数复数 your yours （你们的）（你们的）第三人称第三人称 单数单数 his / her / its his/ hers / its（ 他的他的 ） 复数复数 their theirs （他们的）（他们的） 用法：用法： 形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词+ 名词名词Eg : This is my book = The book is mine That is your pen

7、, mine is in my bag. Ex. She is a student . _ name is Lucy . A. Her B. Hers C. His D.He2. Whose photo is this ? Its _ A. her B. my C. mine D. me3. Is this _ book ? No, its _. A. your, his B. his , her C. hers , his 4. We can put _ bikes here. A. us B. ours C. our D. themYou have _ ticket.we lost _.

8、A. your , our B. your, ours C. your. Us6. This is _pencil. That is _ . A. his , her B. him , her C. my , his D. his , me A C A C B C7. _ room is better than _. A. They , us B. Their , our C.Their, ours8. Is this _ sister ? No, She is _ sister. A. your , his B. your, mine C. his , mine9. She is _ Eng

9、lish teacher . She teaches _ well. A. our, ours B. our , us C. their , they10. Must _ go to _ office now ? A. we , his B. he , you C. they, yours11. You must bring _notebook to the school. A. you B. your C.yours12. The red bag is _ ._ is white. A. his , Mine B. him, My C. mine ,Him13. Can _ use _ bi

10、ke ? A. I , you B. I , your C. me, your C A B A B A B 三、反身代词三、反身代词 ： 。本人。本人第一人称第一人称 单数单数 myself （我自己）（我自己） 复数复数 ourselves （我们自己）（我们自己）第二人称第二人称 单数单数 yourself （你自己）（你自己） 复数复数 yourselves （你们自己）（你们自己）第三人称第三人称 单数单数 himself / herself / itself (他自己）他自己） 复数复数 themselves (他们自己）他们自己）用法：用法： 与主语的人称一致与主语的人称一致 Eg

11、 : I can teach myself English . We enjoyed ourselves .常用词组：常用词组：Help oneself to sth 请自便请自便 / 别客气别客气 Please help yourself to the apple . You can help yourselves to the cake , children.2. enjoy oneself 玩得开心玩得开心 He enjoyed himself yesterday.teach oneself sth = learn sth by oneself 自学自学 We can teach our

12、selves English. = We can learn English by ourselves .look after oneself 照顾自己照顾自己 They can look after themselves .5. leave one by oneself 把某人单独留下把某人单独留下 She cant leave Tom by himself .6. by oneself 靠自己靠自己 7.dress oneself 自己穿衣服自己穿衣服Ex.Lucy, can you do it by _ ?My mother said she could look after _. We

13、 must finish it by _. They came to see the house _ yesterday. Lilei can dress _ and wash _ . My parents enjoy_ every day. Did he hurt _? You can pick the apple by _, John. Miss Liu taught _ Japanese . The twins correct the mistakes by _ . Who teaches _ English ? He teaches _. A. himself ,himself B.

14、him, himself C. his , himself yourself herself ourselves themselves himself himself themselves himself yourself herself themselves B四、指示代词四、指示代词1 1、指示代词的形式、指示代词的形式 ：单数：单数：this , that this , that 复数：复数：these , those these , those 如：如：This is my watch. That is his watch .This is my watch. That is his

15、watch . These are my books .Those are his books. These are my books .Those are his books.2 2、打电话时，常用、打电话时，常用“that“that询问对方是询问对方是“谁谁”， 用用“this“this介绍自己。介绍自己。 如：如：-Hello , Is that Lucy ?-Hello , Is that Lucy ? - Hello , this is Lucy. - Hello , this is Lucy.五、不定代词五、不定代词1.1.常见的不定代词有：常见的不定代词有：some , any

16、, one, each , every ,some , any , one, each , every , no , none , all , both ,either , neither , no , none , all , both ,either , neither , many , much , a few , a little , other , many , much , a few , a little , other , another ,the other another ,the other 等等2.2.形容词修饰形容词修饰something , anything , n

17、othing ,something , anything , nothing , somebody , anybody , nobody, everything, somebody , anybody , nobody, everything, everyone , everybody everyone , everybody等不定代词时，放在后面。等不定代词时，放在后面。如：如：Is there anything important in todays Is there anything important in todays newspaper ? newspaper ? There is

18、 nothing wrong with your bike. There is nothing wrong with your bike.六、疑问代词六、疑问代词指人：指人：who , whom , whose ，which指物：指物：what , which指时间：指时间： when 指地点：指地点： whereEg : Who are you talking to ? Whose book is this ? Where have you been ?七、七、it 的用法的用法1、指时间、天气或距离等、指时间、天气或距离等 如：如：Its eight oclock now . Its ti

19、me for class . Its getting hotter and hotter. Its five miles from my home to school .2、指谈话双方都知道的或都不知道的人或事、指谈话双方都知道的或都不知道的人或事 如：如：-Who is knocking at the door ? -It must be Lilei. He said he would come tonight . -Who is it ? - Its me. 3、做形式主语或形式宾语、做形式主语或形式宾语 如：如：Its very important to study English we

20、ll . We found it hard to finish the work on time.1.adj 修饰不定代词时修饰不定代词时, 形容词要放在不定形容词要放在不定代词的后面代词的后面 eg, something different nothing interesting2. many + 可数名词可数名词 eg, many books / pens / people much+不可数名词不可数名词 eg, much water / money / milk3. all 是在三者或三者以上是在三者或三者以上 eg, Lily, Lucy and I are all students.

21、 We all stand here . 当表示两者都用当表示两者都用 both eg, Lily and Lucy are both clever. My sister and I both go to school .4. little 和和 a little, few 和和 a few a little + 不可数名词不可数名词 一点点一点点 , 一定一定 little + 不可数名词不可数名词 几乎没有几乎没有 , 否认否认 eg, There is _meat in the fridge. Lets go and get some . I am very thirsty. Lucki

22、ly , there is _tea in the teapot . I have learned English for one year. I can speak _ now . little a little a little5, every 和和 each后都可以接单数可数名词后都可以接单数可数名词 eg, every / each teacher 但但 each则是指两者或两者以上中的每一个，且则是指两者或两者以上中的每一个，且可用于可用于each of 构造，构造，every 表示三个或三个以表示三个或三个以上中的每一个，且不可以用上中的每一个，且不可以用 of 构造构造. eg,

23、 Every boy has a bike . - Each boy has a bike . - Each of the boys has a bike. eg, on _side of the street6, some 用于肯定句，用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑问句用于否定句和疑问句 eg, There is some water in the cup , but not any milk . Is there any news today ? each但在疑问句中，当说话者希望对方做肯定回答时但在疑问句中，当说话者希望对方做肯定回答时要用要用 some , 而不是而不是 anyeg,

24、 -May I have some paper , please ? -Sure. Here you are .7, either: 任意一个（两个中选一个）任意一个（两个中选一个） eg,-Would you like tea or coffee ? - Either is ok, I dont mind . 构成构成 either or 词组或者词组或者或者或者 Either you or your brother is here .-Either your brother or you are here . Either you or your brother works here .-

25、Either your brother or you _ here . work neither （两个中一个都没有（两个中一个都没有-Would you like some tea or coffee ?-Neither . I like orange juice . neither nor 既不、也不、既不、也不、 Neither you nor your brother is in Row 3.-Neither your brother nor you are in Row 3 Neither he nor his sisters have a car.-Neither his sist

26、ers nor he _a car. has none 表示三个或三个以上中一个都没有，表示三个或三个以上中一个都没有， 常用于常用于 of 构造构造 eg, Every person saw the cat , but _ of them gave some food to it . none8, another: 另一个另一个,单数可数名词单数可数名词 other: 另外的，其余的另外的，其余的 + 复数名词复数名词, 泛指泛指 the other:另外的，其余的另外的，其余的 + 复数名词复数名词, 特指特指others: 另外的人或物）另外的人或物）, 泛指泛指 the others:

27、 另外的人或物）另外的人或物）, 特制特制此外，固定词组此外，固定词组 one the other 一个、另一个、一个、另一个、 eg, Of the two boys , one is my brother , _ is his brother . Of the three teachers , one is from America , _ two are from England . Would you like _cup of tea ? the other the other another1.- Is this your dictionary? - No, _ is in my b

28、ag. A. hers B. mine C. yours2. - We have to be quick. The train starts at 10:35. - Dont worry. There is _ time to go. A. a little B.few C. little D. any3. Weve got two TV sets, but _ works well.any B. both C.either D. neither B A D4. How many of these books have you read? -_ of them, every one. A. M

29、any B. Some C.All D. None5. - Did your parents go to the film yesterday evening? -No, we_ stayed at home watching TV. both B. all C. either D. none6.Boys and girls! Please help _ to some apples.A. you B. yourself C. yourselves C B C4. My parents _ teachers. They work hard. A. are all B. are both C.

30、both are5.Listen! I have _ to tell you. A. important something B. something important C. anything important D, nothing important6.I have two friends. One is a farmer, _is a teacher.A. another B. other C. the other B B C7.You look thirsty. Would you like to _water. A. any B. some C. a few8.Look! Ther

31、e are so _ students in the field. A. much B. little C. many9.There are some trees on _ sides of the road. A. both B. either C. neither10. The boy is looking for _mother. A. her B. he C. his B C A C11,-Is there _ in the room ? - No, _is in . A, anybody, nobody B, anybody, everybody C, somebody, anybo

32、dy12, _do you have for lunch ? A, Which B, Where C, What13, Terry enjoyed _very much . A, he B, him C, himself14, The man is _Chinese teacher . A, Tom and Tim B, Toms and Tims C, Tom and Tims A C C C定语从句定语从句中考语法专项复习定语从句定语从句This is the pen which I bought yesterday.which先行词先行词定语从句定语从句关系词关系词 宾语从句是主从复合句

33、的一种。主从复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。 主句是复合句的主体，从句仅仅是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句，不能独立。从句在全句中充当什么成分，就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。由从属连词由从属连词thatthat引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 由连接代词由连接代词 Who,whom,whose,which， what 和连接副词和连接副词 where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句由从属连词由从属连词 whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句注：注：that 在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当

34、成分，在口语当中往往省略在口语当中往往省略e.g. I hear (that) _. （一小时后他会回来）He said (that) _. （他非常想念我们）The teacher told us (that) _. （地球围着太阳转） he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun由连接代词what, whom, whose, which, what及连接副词 when, where, how, why引导的宾语从句1. He asked _. (谁能回答这个问题）2. Do

35、you know_. （他们在等谁）3. He asked _. （谁的书法是班上最好的）5. Do you know _.（地球和月亮，哪一个比较小）6. Please tell me _. （我们什么时候开会）7. Can you tell me _. （他在哪儿）8. Could you tell me _. （我该怎么去车站）9. Would you tell me _为什么火车迟到了） who could answer the question whom they are waiting for whose handwriting was the best in the class

36、when well have a meeting where he is how I can get to the station why the train is late由从属连词由从属连词whether, if 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. I want to know _. （他是否跟我们一起去公园）2. Ask him _. （他是否能来）3. I dont know _.（是否要下雨） if (whether) he will go to the park with us whether (if) he can come whether it is going to

37、rain or not当句末为当句末为or not时，引导词只能用时，引导词只能用whether而不能用而不能用if.Beijing Whatre these?Theyre cats _ 先行词先行词 /关系词做主语关系词做主语=cats）What do they look like?-Theyre cats. They have white hair.HongkongWhat is this?Its a plane _先行词先行词 /关系词在从句中做主语关系词在从句中做主语)Its a plane It can take us to everywhere.This is an English

38、 book.We use it in our English classThis is an English book which we use in our English class.先行词先行词/关系词做关系词做use的宾语）的宾语）当先行词指物时，关系词用当先行词指物时，关系词用 _.总结总结I know the girl _ What is the girl doing? She is reading. Do you know her? -Yes, I do. I know her. Shes from Class three.先行词先行词 /关系词做主语关系词做主语=the boy

39、）（二）（二）He makes a lot of money.He is more than 2 meters tall.Yao Ming is an athlete_ Yao Ming is an athlete_He is an athlete.He wears glasses.He is very famous in the world.He has blue eyes.He often sees strange things.Harry Porter is a boy _.Harry Porter is a boy _.Harry Porter is a boy _.who wears

40、 glasseswho is famous in the worldwho has blue eyes当先行词指人时，关系词用当先行词指人时，关系词用_.总结：总结：1 I like the movies _ make me happy.2 He is the kind of person _ helps others.3 I love singers _ can dance.4 China is a big country _ has long history.5 Do you like the jacket _ is made in Japan?6 He is a teacher _ yo

41、u can make friends with.whichwhowhowhichwhichwho补充：其实在定语从句中，无论先行词是指人补充：其实在定语从句中，无论先行词是指人或物，都可以使用或物，都可以使用that作为关系词。作为关系词。/ that/ that/ that/ that/ that/ thatThis is Hawaii. This is Hawaii where the beaches are beautiful.The beaches are beautiful in Hawaii.先行词先行词/关系词在从句中做状语关系词在从句中做状语=in Hawaii）（三）（三）I

42、 like Canada.We can see Niagara Falls in Canada.I like Canada where we can see Niagara Falls.(=in Canada)I want to visit Africa. The people are really friendly in Africa .Ive never been to Africa where_the people are really friendly.(=in Africa)试比较：HongKong is a place . We can do lots of shopping in

43、 this place.2. HongKong is a place. The place has lots of things to see and buy.Hongkong is a place _we can do lots of shopping.Hongkong is a place _has lots of things to see and buy.wherewhich / that(做状语做状语=in HongKong)(做主语做主语=HongKong)1.当先行词是表地点的名词时，而且它在从句当先行词是表地点的名词时，而且它在从句中做状语，那么关系词就用中做状语，那么关系词就

44、用_.总结总结2. 但表地点的名词如果在从句中做主语或宾语时，关系词就用 _. 1. I like music. The music has great lyrics.2. I love music. I can sing along with music.3. I like music. The music isnt too loud. I like music _. I love music _. I like music _. I like music _.直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系陈述句变为引导的宾语从句陈述句变为引导的宾语从句e.g. 1.

45、He said, “You are younger than I ”. 2. He says, “Tom is a good student ”. He said that I was younger than him. He says that Tom is a good student. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系一般疑问句变为if (whether)引导的宾语从句e.g. She said, “ Do you often come here to read newspaper? ” “Will they go to visit the Great

46、 Wall?” he asked. She asked if (whether) I often came here to read newspaper. He asked if (whether) they would go visit the Great Wall. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系特殊疑问句变为特殊疑问句变为who, what, when等引导的宾语从句等引导的宾语从句e.g. 1. He asked, “Where do you live?” 2. “How can we get to the post-office?” he ask

47、ed. He asked where I lived. He asked how they could get to the post-office. 直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系直接引语变间接引语与宾语从句的关系 1、当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语 从句的谓语动词可以用所需要的任何一种时态。 2、当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时，宾语从句的谓语 动词要用相应的过去时态，但当宾语从句叙述的内容 为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g. The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun. 注注 意：意： will be go

48、es were playing has returned had been travels are talking were were doingThe radio says it _ cloudy tomorrow. (be)The headmaster hopes everything _ well. (go)Tom says that they _ (play) basketball at six oclock yesterday evening. I hear they _ (return) it already. He said that they _ members of the

49、Party since 1948. (be)He asked what they _ at eight last night. (do)The teacher told his class that light _ faster than sound. (travel)I think you _ about the relay race now. (talk)I didnt know whom the letters _ from. (be)10. I didnt know what time he _ the letter. (write)11. Miss Wang told me that

50、 the earth _(move) round the earth. 12. Could you tell me who _ away the book already? (take)13. Ling Feng told me he _ to several times. (be)14. Our teacher told us in class the sun _ in the east. (rise)15. Can you tell me what they _ yesterday? (do) wrote moves has taken has been risesdid将下列句子合并为一

51、句将下列句子合并为一句: :1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 1. Where do they stop on the way? I asked. 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could 2. What will you speak at the meeting? Could you tell me?you tell me?3. Do they like to make friends with us? He 3. Do they like to make friends with us? H

52、e asked. asked. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 4. “ I am doing my homework.” He said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 5. “I will come back.” Tom said. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. 6. “Is he doing his homework?” Jim asked. I asked where they stopped on the way.Could you tell me

53、what you will speak at the meeting?He asked if they liked to make friends with them. He said that he was doing his homework. Tom said that he would come back. Jim asked if he was doing his homework. 7. “When will he come back?” Tom asked. 8. “How can I get to the station?” Could you tell me?9. “Why

54、is the train late?” Would you tell me?10. “Where is Tom?” They asked. Tom asked when he would come back.Could you tell me how I can get to the station?Would you tell me why the train is late?They asked where Tom was. 20192019年中考英语语年中考英语语法复习连词法复习连词 连词在句中的作用连词在句中的作用是把词与词、短语与是把词与词、短语与短语、句子与句子连短语、句子与句子连

55、接起来。它不能在句接起来。它不能在句中单独作句子成分。中单独作句子成分。 并列连词和从属连词并列连词和从属连词的用法：连词是连结单的用法：连词是连结单词、短语、从句或句子词、短语、从句或句子的虚词，的虚词， 在句子中不单在句子中不单独作句子成份。连词按独作句子成份。连词按其性质可分为：其性质可分为：1、并列连词、并列连词 如：如：and, or, but, for, 等，等， 连接并列的词与词，短连接并列的词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子。如：语与短语，句子与句子。如：Rice and potatoes are common foods. （词与词）（词与词）Today we can trave

56、l by plane. （短语与短语）（短语与短语）Many trees lose their leaves in winter, but evergreen trees do not. （ 句子与句子）句子与句子）关联连词是一类成对使用的连词。关联连词是一类成对使用的连词。如：如：bothand, notbut.，not onlybut also not onlybut as welleitheror， neithernor关联连词必须后接同样的语法结构。关联连词必须后接同样的语法结构。如：如：Either the windows were opened or the door was op

57、ened.2从属连词从属连词 如：如：that, whether, when, because, though 等，等， 用以引导名词用以引导名词性从句和状语从句。性从句和状语从句。3从属连词引导的从属连词引导的从句不可以被断成一从句不可以被断成一个句子。个句子。 如果断开，如果断开，就错了。如：就错了。如：When the alarm clock rang. （不完整）（不完整）4 though (although)引导引导让步状语从句，让步状语从句，because 引引导原因状语从句，导原因状语从句， 所以所以 though (although)不能和不能和并列连词并列连词but ，because 不不能和并列连词能和并列连词 so一起使用。一起使用。 只能单独使用。只能单独使用。连词用法连词用法例题选讲：例题选讲：例例1： he did not know much English，he got out his dictionary and look