情态动词用法总结篇

1、学习好资料欢迎下载情态动词的用法A. can; could; be able toCan1. 表示能力”此时过去时是could)2. 表示许可、请求，3I can swim.可以。-Can/Could I go now?表示推测.把握很大.could也可表推测，把握比can-Look! Some one is coming! Who can it be?-It can be him. He has gone to Paris.（不可能）-You can leave now.小。此时can和could时间上无差异。/ He could be here soon.表示感情（惊异/不耐烦）究竟，到底

2、”（主要用于否定句，疑问句和感叹句中。）How can you be so foolish?What ca n it po ssibly be? 到底那是怎么一回事 ？They can be working at this time of day.肯定句中客观存在的可能性。有时会，偶尔”It can be quite hot there. esp ecially in summer.You can n ever be too careful whe n cross ing the road.Could1. 表示能力，can的过去式，过去能够Could you sp eak En glish t

3、he n?那时候你会说英语吗 ？2. 请求允许（委婉语气）（问句的答语不用 could，而用can ,）Could Ca n I use your pen?3. 表示推测可能性（肯，否，疑）We could go there this summer.You could be right. but I don can too/ can never too 表示 无论 都不过分、越 越好”“ Yes. of course you can. I m afraid not.今年夏天我们可能要去那儿。（将来可能性） t think you你可能是对的，但我并不认为你是对的。4. could have d

4、one 对过去推测，可能已经。本来能够却没做，差点就He can t couldn t have seen hhere.他不可能在那儿见到她。He could have gone home.他可能已回家了He could have told her. but he didn t chooS他本来可以告诉她的，但他却没有。Be able to1. 表示能力，相比can，有更多的时态，但是be able to后面的动词一般不用被动语态，can则可以。I sorry I haven been able to answer your letter in time.The desk can t be m

5、oved.2. 过去时中，be able to可以用来表示通过努力终于做成了某事，相当于managed to do，而could不能I talked with her for a long time. and even tually I was able to make her believe me.B. may 禾R might1. 表示允许、许可，might提问更委婉。语气 can, could. may. might 由强到弱-May/Might I watch TV after supp er?/No. you d better not.-Yes, you may./ Yes. pl

6、ease./ Certa inly.-No. you must nt. / No. you mav not. / No. you can2. 表示推测，有 或许”、可能的意思。might把握更小。疑问句用can/ could.He may/might be right./ I hear there may be a few cop ies left.He may/might come today (tomorrow).3. may 表示祝愿，倒装。 May + 主语 + 动词原形。May you succeed!/May you all be happy. may might as well

7、意为 不妨” 还是为好等，用 might比用 may语气更委婉。I m ready so I might as well go now.我已准备好，因此不妨现在就走。There s nothing to do, so I may might as well go to bed.C. must, have to1.二者表示 必须”，但must无时态变化，多表主观意志，have to有时态变化，多表客观需要。must否定式mustn表示不可以”、不准”禁止等。Have to的否定式don have to相当于needn ，意思为“不必”。Everybody must obey the rules.

8、/ You mustn t lend it to others. /You mustn t speak like that to your mother.It getti ng dark. I have to go home now.在回答有 “must的询问时，肯定回答要用 must，否定回答要用needn t或don t have to , 意思是“不必”Must I leave now?-Yes, you must.-No, you needn t. / No, you don t have to.2. must表示推测(一定”必定”)，表肯定的推测，其否定的推测用can 表示“不可能”

9、。You must be hungry after the long walk. / It cant be Jim, for he has gone to Beiji ng.The Chin ese Ian guage must have the large nu mber of sp eakers.must 表示说话人不耐烦的态度，“干嘛偏要” Must you talk in that way ?must + have + done ,表示对过去事物的肯定推测。一定做过.”He must have told my pare nts about it.他一定把这件事情告诉我父母亲了。must

10、表示推测时，其反意疑问句应根据动词的实际时态而变化。如：It must be nice to take a walk here, isn t it?Tom buys a lot of apples ,he must like eati ng them, does nt heMust have done的反意疑问句有三种情况：从句中含有过去的时间状语，反意疑问句用过去时 .The ground is wet , it must have rained last ni ght, did n从句中含有过去完成时的时间状语，反意疑问句用过去完成时By the end of last term, we

11、must have learnt 2000 words,hadn t we?若从句中不含任何时间状语，反意疑问句用现在完成时We must have bee n met somewhere (before)t it? must表示必须”有必要”寸，反义疑问句部分用You must go home right now, needn tou? must用否定形式 must nt时，附加疑问句部分用You must n cheat i n the exam in ati on, must you?3. 表示与说话人愿望相反及不耐烦.意为偏要”-you make so much no ise?-Sor

12、ry, I will take care n ot to.D. ought to/ should/ shallOught to,haven t we?must n t.? 或 n eed nt.?may 或 must ?A Must B Can C May D Wouldought to用于反映客观情况或涉及义务和规定时，常译作 只是语气较强），有时表示非常可能的事情。There ought not to be much no ise in a hos pital.应该” 应当和should差不多,-Ought he to go? - Yes, he ought to.If she is co

13、mpi etely well, she ought to be back at school today.ought to have done 指过去动作，表示一件事情该做而未做。ought not to have done表示一件不该做的事情却做了。should1. 用于表示义务和职责，应该”.表示自己的主观看法，语气比ought to弱。You should do your homework now.2. 表推测,“按道理，按常理应该” should + have done指过去动作，表示一件事情该做而未做。They should have arrived by two o clock.3

14、. 表示惊讶，赞叹，不满，责备 竟然”I am sorry that you should do such a thing.4. 用于if引导的虚拟条件句中，表示一件事听起来可能性小，但也不是完全不可能。有一的意思Should I be free tomorrow，I come.Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him.5. 作为shall的过去式，用于第一、第三人称作主语的疑问句或间接引语中，用来征询对方 意见。Mr. Smith asked if he should retur n the books on time.shall1. 用于第一、

15、第三人称，在疑问句中，shall用来征询对方意见。“好吗？” “要不要？”Where shall I wait for you?/ Shall he come at on ee?/ Shall we start the meet ing now?2. shall作为情态动词，用于第二、第三人称，陈述句，表示说话人的意愿，有命令”、警告”、威胁”、强制”、允诺”等意思。必须，应，可以”.You shall do as I say.（命令）Tell him that he shall have the book tomorrow.（允诺）You shall be punished if you b

16、reak the law.（ 表警告）3. 用于第三人称的陈述句中，表示条约、规定、法令等文件中的义务或规定The Nati onal Party Con gress Shall be held every five years.表示意志”决心、意愿”可用于多种人称。will指现在，would指过去。I will tell you all about it./ He won t go.表示询问对方的意愿或向对方提出请求，在疑问句中用语第二人称时，委婉语气用would.I m going to go shopping after school. Will you go wit h me?Will

17、/would you pl ease give him a message whe n you see him?表示习惯动作，有 总是、惯于的意思。过去式 wouldHe ll talk for hours if you give him the cha nee.Would表示过去经常发生的动作，不表示过去存在的状态。E. will 和 would2.3.1.Used to既可以表示过去的经常发生的动作，又可以表示过去存在的状态。4. 表示功能，能”The door won open. / The ear won start.5. will用于叙述真理，客观规律时“会”Oil will flo

18、at on water. / Fish will die without water.F. need 禾R dare1. need表示 需要”必须”没有人称和时态的变化。通常用在否定句或疑问句中。疑问 句的肯定回答用 must。He needn t pay for it.-Need you go now?- Yes, I must. - No, I need n t.“needn t + have done表示过去做了没必要做的事情。这件事情你不必太认真。敢”其过去式为dared，无人称变化。通常用于否定句、疑问句、 引出的宾语从句中。m unfair?You n eed nt have ta

19、ke n it seriously.2. dare作情态动词表示条件从句和if/whetherHow dare you say IShe dare not do so.He asked me if I dared sp eak En glish in p ublic. need和dare也可用作行为动词，变化与一般动词相同注意：dare作行为动词时，肯定句中要接带to的不定式，而在否定句、疑问句、条件从句不定式的to可带也可不带。而need作行为动词时，后面都要接带to的不定式。She didn t need to go.-Who dares to go?- - I don t dare (to) go. I dare say作插入语，我想，大概，可能，或许，这个短语不要 toG. had better 最好”We had better go now.Yes, we had (wed better / we had better).Hadnt we better stop now? (Had we better