新版深圳广州沈阳牛津版八年级英语上unit5知识点语法练习

1、1新版深圳广州沈阳牛津版八年级英语上unit5 educational exchanges 知识点语法练习重点单词和短语 1. accept v.接受； 承认(反义词 refuse)2. educational adj.教育(n. education)3. exchange n. & v. 交换； 交流 4. hostn.主人(反义词 guest) 5. own adj.自己的 v.拥有(n. owner) 6. simple = easy adj.简单的(反义词 difficult)7. culturen.文化(adj. cultural)8. confident adj.自信的(n

2、. con fide nee) 9. deep adj.深的(adv. deeply)10. improve v.改善，改进 (n. improvement)短语 1. take a visit / trip to去某处参观(旅行)2. be able to do 能够做 3. give a talk about/ on sth. to sb.向某人做关于某事的报告4. throughout the world= all over the world 全世界 5. live/ stay with 与生活在一起 6. go onsightseei ng (tours)去观光 7. make fr

3、ie nds with 与交朋友 8. as well as 还；也；不及 9. si nee the n 从那时起；打那 以后 10.keep/get in touch with 与保持联系11. in case 万一 12.in order that 为了. 13. be con fide nt of对-： ：.感到有信心 14. look forward to doing 盼望做某事15.apply for 申请 16.go on a sightseeing tour 进行观光旅游17. be deeply moved 被深深地打动 18. win a scholarship 赢得奖学金

4、19. improve the situation 改善情况语法-现在完成时如果你想说 我已经看过某部电影，所以不想看了”、某人曾经做过什么事情”等等，该如果表达呢？首先请看下面的句子：(1) I have seen the film. I don t want to see it 这部电影我已经看过，不想再看了。(2)Have you answered all the questions? 所有的问题你都回答了吗(3)Have you ever looked at a travel brochure?你看过旅游宣传册吗？(4)She has never visited the USA.她从没

5、有过去美国。观察：以上句子的谓语动词的一个共同特点是 _ ,用于表示在以前的某个时间曾经做过的、发生的事情，这种行为对目前有某种影响。我们把这种时态称为现在完成时”。一、现在完成时的概念。1表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果She has been ill for three days.(她病了三天了。)2表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。Weve known each other since we were childre n.（我们从小就认识。 I have bee n a member of the Party for 10years.3常与现在完成时连用的时间状语

6、有：just 冈 U 刚yet 仍然，还 now 现在 lately 最后 ever 曾经 today 今天 never 从未 before 从前recen tly 最近 already 已经 this week 本周 si nee 自从 for a long tine 很长时间了 si nee the n 自那以来 so far 至 U 目前为止 inthe past/last few years 在过去/最近的几年二、构成：助动词 have, has +过去分词”随堂练习.把下面变否定句、一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答。1. I have done my homework.否定句： _一般疑

7、问句：_ 回答：_需根据不规则变化表进行专门记忆随堂练习写出下列单词的过去分词形式workfinisharrivechangeseehavemarryvisitmisspreferdohearliveclea nstudymeetbeclimbpla ntakekeepbuyspe ndlearnforgetbring(1) P 则变化大部分动词在词尾直接加-edclea nclea nedhelphelped以不发音的 e 结尾的，直接加-d-like*likedlivelived以辅音字母+y 结尾的单词，变 y 为 i 再加-edtrytriedstudystudied2. The pl

8、ane has arrived. 一般疑问句： _ 回答： _三、动词的过去分词构成规则重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母的，需要双写最后这个辅音字母再加不规则变化 seesee nfindfou nd-ed.pla npla nnedstop stopped2现在完成时用法归纳31.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作现已完成，对现在造成的影响和结果。（此种用法谓语动词用结束性动词）女口： The pla ne has arrived.常用的时间状语和副词： already ,yet , ever , n ever1already 已经；yet 尚未，仍未，还；强调前不久完成的动作对现在造成的影响，谓语

9、动词使用非延续性动词。 already用于肯定句中，yet 用于否定句和疑问句的句末。例如：I have already fin ished my homework.我已经完成我的家庭作业了。Has she finished cooking yet?他做完饭了吗？练：I have already done my homework.（变为否定句 ）_2ever （曾经），句中；never （从不），表示否定，强调到目前为止的生活经历。谓语动词用延续性动词。例如：Have you ever climb that mou ntai n? 你曾经爬过那座山吗？Have you ever been to

10、 Shanghai?你曾经去过上海吗？I have never late for school.我从来没有迟到过。3already ever 与 never 应位于助动词 have/has 之后，主要动词之前。拓展：before （以前），句尾，独立用 I haven t met him before.我以前从来没有见过他。just （刚刚），用于肯定句中，常用在助动词和过去分词之间。如：跟踪训练（）1. Have you_heard of Dis neyla nd?A. always（He hasn t come yet 他还没有回来。I have just heard the n ews.

11、)1. Have you_heard of Disn eyla nd?A. alwaysB. ever)2. I have_ finished my homework. So I can have a rest now.A.)3. She is a good student, she has _ been late for school.A.)4. I am very hungry , I haven t had my breakfast完成时可用于表示某时间段里完成的动作，常与Have you see n her these days? Have you bee n to the libra

12、ry today?3.现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在，可能延续到将来的动作和状态。常与表示过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语连用。如：a. for + 一段时间：for two hours b.s ince + 时间点：since 1999, since last yearc.since + 一段时间 + ago: since two days ago d.s ince + 从句(用过去时)e.up to now, till now, until now, so far f.in the past two years, in the last few daysg.recently,

13、lately如: Miss Zhao has taught math for five years. His mother has worked in the shop since 1990.注:其中在 a,b,c,d 这四种结构中，谓语动词必须为延续性动词。如：I have had this book for one and a half years.(这本书我已买了一年半了！)跟踪训练用 si nee 或者 for 填空 1. I have studied En glish_ 5 years.2. I have studied En glish_3. I have studied En g

14、lish_2008.4. She has taught math_3 years.5. She has taught math_ 3 years ago.6. She has taught math_2010.4. 短暂性动词怎样和表示一段时间的状语连用。英语中的短暂性动词，也叫做终止性动词、瞬间动词或非延续性动词，只表示一时的动作，在肯定句式中不能与表示延续的时间状语连用。常见的短暂性动词有：go, come, leave, find, buy, arrive, give, stop, jo in, marry, die, beg in, start,borrow, close, ope n

15、, lend 等。eg. I have bought this book for three mon ths. (x)非延续性动词与一段时间连用时可采用下列三种方法：(1)将非延续性动词转化为延续性动词。evereverC. neverB. alreadyB. already2.B. already C. n evertoday, these days, recently 等时间状语连用。如：evAr我刚刚听到消息。D. sometimesC. neverD. yetC. never D. yetD. yet5 years ago.leave- have (has) bee n away fr

16、om buy-have (has) hadgo- become (arrive)- have (has) bee n here open- have (has) bee n ope n!come back- have (has) bee n back(2)时间状语的变化：把表时间的状语去时间，并用一般过去时代替现在完成时)如:join- have (has) bee n (in)beg in /start- be onthere die- have (has) dead finish- be overborrow- have (has) kept begi n to work- have (h

17、as) worked get up- have (has)been upput on -have (has) ongone (left)- been away joined -beengot to know -known“for 变为 数词+时间名词+ago”的短语形式。(即：将时间状语改为过 他参军五年了。(判断正误)close- be closedHe has joined the Army for five years. He has bee n in the Army for five years. He joined the Army five years ago. 他离开济南三年了

18、。45He has left Ji nan for three years)He has been away from Ji nan for three yHarSeft Ji nan three years ago.句子模式的变化。用句型“It is + 一段时间+ since 从句”(从句中的谓语动词用非延续性动词的一般过去式表示)女口： The old man died two years ago.= The old man has been dead for two years.= It is two years since the old man died. 跟踪训练句型转换。1.

19、I have borrowed a new book from the school library. I_a new book from the school library for two days.2. She has gone there. She_there_ yesterday.3. The film has begu n. The film_ five minu tes.4. The boy has come back.The boy_ for an hour.5. The man in a hat has left.The man in a hat_ half an hour

20、ago.6. He has already died.He_ for twenty years.7. The young man has joined the League.The young man_member_two years.The young man_League_two years ago.5. have bee n to/ have gone to/ have bee n in 三种结构的区另 U(1) have been to 去过某地(现已离开)，可以与 ever, never, once, twice 等连用。(2) has gone to 去某地了，说话时某人已离开此地

21、，在去某地的路上或已在某地，总之现在还未回来。此句型一 般用于第三人称。(3)have been in 表示已在某地呆了多久，若该地为小地方则用at。翻译：你以前去过北京吗？ _ 吉姆已经去了伦敦。 _格林一家在中国已经两年了。 _单项选择yet, still, just, so far, in the last/ past,before, ev 等，时间状语连用。注现在完成时不可与 yesterday, last week, two days ago 等过去时间状语连用。综合训练一、必背词组：（中英互译）1. keep in touch with 2. educati onal visits

22、 to 3. accept sb. as. 4. be patie nt5. become con fide nt6.the aim of our trip 7. improve the situation8. a valuable experienee9. win a scholarship二、完成句子：A.用括号里词的正确形式填空：1. We should show _(deep) love for our motherla nd.2. I pla n to write an_ (educati on article thisweek.3. Every one is in terested

23、 in Ein ste in s_.(th in k)4. I tried hard to_ (improveme nt) our En glishstudy.()1. I have_ Beiji ng three times.A. bee nto B. gone to)2.-Where is Mike?He has_ London A bee n to B. goneC.tobee ninC.B.goneB. gone to C. bee n into)5.The teacher has_ the village to teach the poor stude nts for 10 year

24、s.A. bee n to B. gone to C. bee n in D. bee n at现在完成时与一般过去时的区别：D. bee n atbee n in D. bee n atto C. bee n in D. bee n atD. bee n at6.（1）侧重点不同：现在完成时是与现在有关的时态，属现在时态范畴，它侧重于过去的动作对现在造成的影响。而 一般过去时是一种过去时态，侧重于表示过去的动作，与现在无关。如：（2）连用的时间状语不同：一般过去时常与 ago, yesterday, last，in 2000, just now 等连用。而现在元成时与 already,Yes

25、terday I went to the zoo.（仅说明昨天去了动物园，与现在无关）Li Lei has read the book.（说明李磊了解那本书的内容）,for65. My grandma was_ (move) by watching ZhaoBenshan s_show.6. Our En glish corner was_ (arran ge) by our En glish teachers.7. _ (com muni cate) was quite difficult at first whe n I was in the USA.四、.选择填空:()1. This T

26、V set is too dear,_ it gives you a better picture.A. so B. and C. for D. though()2. My father got up_he wouldn t be late for the meeting.A. such early thatB. early eno ugh C. early so that D. early in order to()3. It was_ we went fish ing in the ope n air yesterday.A. such a n ice weather thatB. suc

27、h n ice weather that C. so nice weather that D. a nice weather so that()4. This questi on was_ difficult_n obody in our class could an swer it.A. very; thatB. such; thatC. too; toD. so; that()5. He runs as fast as possible_ he_the first bus.A. so that; could catch B. in order that; could miss C. in

28、case; misses D. so; would()6. - What a_ movie it is !- Yes, and we are all moved_.A. moving, deeply B. moved, deep C. moving, deepD. move, deep()7. I make_with many stude nts from other coun try.A. friends B. friendC. a friend D. frien dly()8. Joh n has many foreig n frien ds. He_ them by email.A. k

29、eeps in touch with B. take actio nC.pays atte nti on toDo oks after()9.How do you like the film, Tony ?-lt is_film that I havesee n it several times.A. a so in teresti ng B. a such in teresti ng C.such a in teresti ngD. so in terest ing a()10. There is_cigarette smoke in the cin ema_ I can hardly br

30、eathe.A. so much, that B. so many; that C. such many, that D. so little; that 语法部分一、单项选择。()1. Miss Gao isn t here. She _to the bus station to meet Mr. Brown.A. go B. has goneC. has been D. would go()2. -How clea n thebedroom is!- Yes, I am sure that some one_it.A. clea ns B.clea ned C. has clea ned

31、D. had clea ned()3. Drison Break is the best American TV player that I_ these years.A. watch B. will watch C. have watchedD.was watch ing()4. I m not hungry because I_ lunch already.A. have B. hadC. am having D. have had()5. -How long have Mr and Mrs Smith_ ?- For more than twenty years.A. married B

32、. had marriedC. got married D. bee n married()6. In the past few years there_ great changes in my hometown.A. have beenB. were C. had been D.are()7. _ you_the film Harry Pottern?Not yet. Ill see it this Sunday.A. Did, see B. Are; see ing C. Have, see n D. Do, see()8. The Smiths moved to China ten ye

33、ars ago and_ here since then.A. has livedB. was living C.liveD. have lived()9.Will you watch the World Cup match this year?No, but I_ several World Cup matches since I was a small child.A. had see nB. seeC. was see ing D. have see n()10. I won t return the book to the library because I_reading it.A. wasn t finish B. don t finish C. won t finis