动词的时态和语态

1、20110719-动词时态和语态虚拟语气完成时1. （2011 天津卷）4.0n the next birthday. Ann _ married for twenty years.【D 】完成时（将来完成时）分析：本题考察动词时态。根据时间状语 next birthday标志将来时，for twenty years预示着完成，所以应该选择将来完成时。A. isB. has bee nC. will beD. will have bee n19. （2011 江苏卷）23. Tommy is planning to buy a car.I know .By next mon th, he_en

2、o ugh for a used one. 【D 】完成时（将来完成时）A. savesB .saved C. will save D. will have saved分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据By +n ext mo nth表示将来意义的时间状语。所以要选择将来完成时D.2. （2011 天津卷）3.ln the last few years thousa nds of filmsall over the word. 【B 完成时（现在完成时被动态）A. have producedC. are produc ingB. have bee n producedD. are being pr

3、oduced分析：本题考查动词时态和语态。根据时间状语in the last few years选择现在完成时，produce和film之间是被动关系，所以选择现在完成时的被动态。in the library every ni ght over the last three mon ths.10. （2011 北京卷）23.Tom【C】A. works B. worked C. have bee n work ing D. had bee n work ing 完成时（现在完成进行时） 分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语"over the last three months ”选

4、择完成时，再加之"every night ”说明这个动作一直在持续，所以选择现在完成进行时。13. （2011 陕西卷） 12.His first novel good reviews since it came out last month.【D】完成时（现在完成时）A. receives B. is receivi ngC. will receive D. has received分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语since it came out last mo nth得知应该使用现在完成时。所以选择D.25（ 2011 湖南卷）30 It is the most inst

5、ructive lecturethat I since I carne to thisschool.【D 完成时（现在完成时）A. atte ndedB. had atte ndedC. am atte ndingD. have atte nded分析：本题考查动词的时态。 根据时间状语 since I came to this school ,主句使用现在完成时， 表示“这是我听过的最有意义的演讲，自从我来到这个学校”。28.（2011 安徽卷）32. I did ' t ask for the name list. Whyon my desk?I put it there just

6、 now in case you needed it.【B完成时（现在完成时）A. does it landB. has it Ian dedC. will it la ndD. had it Ian ded分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“我没要人名，为什么放在我的桌子上？”“刚才放的，万一你需要呢？”“ did ' t ask for the name list ”和“ put it there just now ” 都表示过去，但是 has it Ianded ”表示到说话为止时发生的动作，现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现 在的影响，所以选择 B3. （2011 江西卷）3O.

7、We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebodyinto theoffice during the night.【B】完成时（过去完成时）A. brokeB. had brokenC. has brokenD. wasbreak ing分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“我们在早晨到达工作地点时，发现有人闯进我们的办公室”。“闯进办公室”发生在“发现”之前，所以选择过去完成时B.6.（2011 北京卷）21. Experiments of this kind in both the U.S. and Europe well be

8、fore theSeco nd World War.【D 完成时（过去完成时被动态）A. have con ductedB. have bee n con ductedC. had con ductedD.had bee n con ducted分析：本题考查动词时态和语态，根据before the Seco nd World War标志过去时，experiments of this kind 是已经实施的一种动作，所以选择过去完成时。另外experiments和con duct之间是被动关系，所以选择过去完成时的被动态。11. （2011 四川卷）19.What a mistake!Yes.

9、 Ihis doing it ano ther way, but without success. 【D 完成时（过去完成时）A. was suggesti ngB. will suggest C. would suggest D. had suggested分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据情景交际标志词“mistake”和回答“ yes”提示了后面的动作“我曾经建议他换个地方，但他没听”。“犯错误”发生在过去，“我建议”发生在过去的过去，所以用过去完成时 D。suggest不用于进行时。16. （2011 辽宁卷） 34. By the time Jack returned home from

10、 England, his sonfromcollege.【D完成时（过去完成时）A. graduatedB. has graduated C. had bee nD. had graduated分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语从句By，应该使用完成时，Jack returned home fromEngland表示过去的事实，所以应该选择过去完成时D .22. （2011 全国新课标卷）29. When Alice came to, she did not know how long she _there.【A 完成时（过去完成进行时）A. had bee n lyingB. has

11、bee n lyingC. was lying D. has lain分析：句意为 当Alice苏醒过来时，她不知道她在那儿躺了多久了。”过去完成进行时主要表示持续到过去某时之前的动作。came to苏醒过来是过去时，苏醒前的情况是过去的过去，强调过去的过去里发生的事，所以最佳答案是A.30. （2011 山东卷）35. She was surprised to find the fridge empty; the childeveryth in g!【B A. had bee n eati ngB. had eate n C. have eate nD. have bee n eati ng

12、完成时（过去完成时）分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“她惊讶的发现冰箱里空空的，孩子把东西全吃光了”“ eat ”这个动作发生在“ find”之前，所以用过去的过去，过去完成时B33. (2011 福建卷)32.Last mon th, the Japa nese gover nment expressed their tha nks for the aid they from China.【D】完成时(过去完成时)A. receive B. are receivi ngC. have received D. had received分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“上个月，日本政府对来自

13、中国的帮助表示感谢”，“receive”发生在“ express'之前，表示过去的过去，所以选择过去完成时D出题方式：(1) 利用时态的本身内涵，表示完成的动作带来的影响，例如：过去完成时表示“过去 的过去”(2) 利用时态的时间状语标志，例如： by + , in the last years ,si nee ,(3) 利用常用句型例如：It is the most attractive lecture that I have (4) 借助于情景交际进行考查(5) 考查的完成时的概率问题：一共14题： 将来完成时2 ;现在完成时5 (被动态，进行时)；过去完成时7(进行时，被动态)解

14、题规律(1) 深刻理解时态内涵(表持续，表完成，表经历)每一种时态记忆一个例子，深刻理解内涵。完成时态是为了解释一个现在的状况而去提一件过去的事，目的是“说的是一个现在的事”。例如：现在完成时 have/has +donerve written an article .“过去对现在”过去完成时 had +do ne As soon as we got to the stati on, the train had left“ 2动作” +过去的过去”将来完成时will have done I will have learned 200 words by the end of nextmon th

15、.现在完成进行have /has bee n doing I have bee n wait ing for her for six hours .“持续”(2) 充分利用时间状语例如：现在完成时: since+从句 /时间 ,for ,in the past few years , over the past fewyears , throughout the centuries , until now ,up until now , already ,By +过去的时间过去完成时将来的时间 将来完成时(3) 巧妙利用句意(4) 抓住常用句型It is the most +形容词的最高级/

16、only/序数词+名词+现在完成时It was the most +形容词的最高级/ on ly /序数词+名词+过去完成时(6) 考查被动态 been done判断动词和名词的关系动宾用被动(5) 多读练语感不可装牛角尖一般时5. （2011 北京卷）27. That must have been a long trip.Yeah, itus a whole week to get there.【C】一般时（一般过去时）A. takes B. has take nC. took D. was tak ing分析：本题考查动词时态，根据must have been a long trip是对过

17、去事实的一种陈述，所以只要选择一般过去时就标志基本事实。8.（ 2011 北京卷）32. Bob has gone to California.Oh, can you tell me whe n he ?【B 】一般时（一般过去时）A. has left B. left C. is leavi ngD. would leave分析：本题考查动词的时态。has gone to California是过去的事实，所以选择一般过去时。12. （2011 全国 II） 9. If you don't like the drink youust leave it and try a differ

18、ent one.【A】一般时（一般过去时）A. ordered B. are orderi ng C. will order D. had ordered分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据条件状语从句和定语从句的用法的得知：the drink you_是定语从句，order表示过去发生的一个动作，所以选择A.24. （2011 湖南卷）27 In 1942 Columbuson the of the Bahama islands, but hemistook it for an island off India.【B一般时（一般过去时）A. la ndsB. la ndedC. has Ian d

19、edD. had Ian ded分析：本题考查动词的时态。时间状语1942，标志着过去的发生的动作，所以选择B.题中没有明显地标志"land”发生在"mistook ”之前，所以不选择 D.29.（2011 山东卷）31.When I got on the bus, II had left my wallet at home.【B一般时（一般过去时）A. was realizi ngB. realizedC. have realizedD. would realize分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“当我上车的是时候，发现我把钱包放家了” 。had leftmy wall

20、et at home发生在动词realize之前，所以选择一般过去时B9. （2011 四川卷）9. All visitors to this villagewith kindness. 【B一般时（一般现在被动态）A. treatB. are treatedC. are treat ingD. had bee n treated分析：本题考查动词的时态和语态。主语All visitors是复数概念，所以选择are , avisitors ”和东西treat是被动关系，所以选择一般现在是的被动态。20. （ 2011 全国新课标卷）23.Planning so far ahead _ no s

21、ense-so many things will have changed by next year.【C 一般时（一般现在时）A. madeB. is makingC. makesD. has made分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据时间状语by next year和句意，表示“ Planning so farahead”应用了一般现在时的客观事实的用法，所以选择C .。句意为“计划这么超前毫无意义一到明年许多事情会发生变化的。”前句表示现在的情况make no sense，后句表示到将来会产生的后果 will have cha nged。一般现在时表示主语的特征或状态。is maki ng

22、和 has made表示具体的动作过程，故不选。31. ( 2011 重庆卷)31.Look at the pride on Tom ' s face. Heto have been praised bythe manager just now.【B 】一般时(一般现在时)A. seemedB. seems C. had seemedD. is seem ing分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“看汤姆脸上骄傲的表情，好像刚才遭经理表扬”。Look at标志着现在，seem没有进行时，最佳答案是B26. （2011 湖南卷）34 In the n ear future, more ad

23、va nces in the robot tech no logybyscientists.【D】一般时（将来时被动态）A .are maki ngB. are madeC. will make D. will be make分析：本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语In the near future表示使用一般将来时，more advances和make之间是被动关系，所以选择D.27. （2011 安徽卷）26. What do you think of store shopping in the future?Pers on ally, I think it will exist a

24、long with home shopp ing but.【C 】一般时（将来时被动态）A. will never replaceB. would never replace C. will never be replaced D.would n ever be replaced分析：本题考查动词的时态和语态。根据时间状语in the future应该是一般将来时，“ replace”和“ store shopping”之间是被动关系，所以选择C。出题方式（1）单纯的给予时间，进仃考察(4题)（2）糅合其它时态。利用情景交际进行考察（4题）（3）借助于不冋的语态继续考察(3题)(4)考察概率一

25、共10题：过去5题现在3题将来2题解题技巧(1) 深入理解内涵 明白区别之点客观存在，能力,般过去时 do /does经常发生的动作，客观事实, 般过去时 did一般将来时will一般过去将来时would般过去时 过去发生的动作或是事情，说的是“过去的事”完成时说的是“现在的事”(2) 巧计时间状语 例如：将来时 提中提到的in the future过去时 just now in 1842(3) 充分利用句意，发掘核心意义糅合其他时态时，更需要的是句意的解析。例如29两个动作发生的前后作为突破口。(5) 被动语态 清楚辨析动作和受众者之间的关系 例如26动宾(6) 多练习练语感进行时23. （

26、 2011 浙江卷）15.The manager was worried about the press conference his assistantinhis place but ,luckily everyth ing was going on smoothly. 【C】进行时（过去进行时）A. gaveB. givesC. was givi ngD. had give n分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“经理担心他助理做的新闻发布会，但是幸运的是一切进行地很顺利。” was worried about和was going on smoothly 都是过去时态，所以排除B.经理担心的

27、是新闻发布会之时，那时表示动作的正在进行”所以选择过去进行时，同时排除 D. A选项中的gave表示动作发生过，这和 ,everything was going on smoothly 不符。所以最 佳答案是C.21. （2011 全国新课标卷）24.1 was' t sure if he was really interested or if he _ polite.【A 】进行时（过去进行时）A. was just beingB. will just be C. had just bee nD. would just be分析：本题考查动词的时态。句意为“我不能确信他是真正感兴趣呢

28、还是仅仅为了表示礼貌。”句前 wasn' t sure 表明说话的起点是过去时，was really interested禾口 was justbei ng polite都是相一致的过去时。故选A。15. （2011 辽宁卷）28. I'll go to the library as soon as I finish what I .【B 】现在时（现在进行时）A. was doingB. am doingC. have doneD. had bee ndoi ng分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据as soon as表示“一就”和句意，最佳的表达应该是“我正在做的事情”所以选择B

29、.17. （2011 湖南卷）22.-Joan, whatin your hand?Look! It ' s a birthday gift for my grandma. 【B】现在时（现在进行时）A. had you held B. are you holdi ngC. do you hold D. will you hold分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据情景交际，最佳答案是现在进行时B .18. （2011 江苏卷）211 hear youin a pub .what ' sit like?Well ,it ' s very hand work and I 

30、9;m always tired , but I don 'tmind.【A 】现在时（现在进行时）A. are workingB. will workC. were workingD. will beworki ng分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据情景交际和回答的内容，I hear的是你正在酒吧工作这个重复进行的动作，所以选择A.32. （2011 重庆卷）21. That price of music sou nds quite familiar. Who the pia noupstairs【D 】A. has playedB. playedC. plays进行时（现在进行时）D.

31、 is playi ng分析：本题考查动词的时态。根据句意“这首乐曲听起来很熟悉，是谁在弹钢琴？”，在弹得过程中有了这样的疑问，表示动作的正在进行，所以选择D出题方式(1 )利用情景交际进行考查(2)糅合别的时态进行考察(3 )考查概率 一共六题： 过去4现在2 解题方法(1) 理解内涵 进行体标志着动作的“正在进行”例如23，32(2) 根据上下文，解读句意，破解正在进行，使用进行体。(3) 多练语感虚拟语气4. (2011 江西卷)28.WeJohn' s name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury【D】A. will putB. will have putC. would putD. would have put分析：考查虚拟语气的用法。句意为要不是因为他最近受伤，我们本应该把 John的名字加进昨天的比赛名单中。” but for是虚拟语气的提示，yesterday表示过去的时间。对过去的虚 拟，用主语 +should / would / could / might + have done 表达，故选 B7. (2011 天津卷)15.1