虚拟语气学案

1、Subjunctive Mood命题人:安国瑞彭海侠刘春梅鲁翔钱富英Teaching aims: to learn grammar part Subjunctive Mood虚拟语气是一种动词形式,表示说话人的一种愿望,假设,怀疑,猜测,建议等含义,虚拟语气所表示的含义不是客观存在的事实。在条件句中的应用,条件句可分为两类,一类为真实条件句,一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况,故采用虚拟语气。一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的使用(if 虚拟条件句 1. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _much easier

2、.A. will beB. would have beenC. can have beenD. would be2. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother.A. has comeB. did comeC. cameD. had comeif引导的虚拟条件从句中含有_,_或_时,如果将if省略,则要将_,_或_放到主语前,_倒装。3._I y o u,I_m o r e a t t e n t i o n t o E n g l i s h i d i o m s a n d

3、 p h r a s e s.A.W a s;s h a l l p a yB.A m;w i l l p a yC.W o u l d b e;w o u l d p a yD.W e r e;w o u l d p a y4._h e c o m e,t h e p r o b l e m w o u l d b e s e t t l e d.A.W o u l dB.S h o u l dC.S h a l lD.I f5.W h a t w o u l d h a v e h a p p e n e d,_a s f a r a s t h e r i v e r b a n k?A

4、.i f B o b h a s w a l k e d f a r t h e rB.i f B o b s h o u l d w a l k f a r t h e rC.h a d B o b w a l k e d f a r t h e rD.i f B o b w a l k e d f a r t h e r错综时间的虚拟条件句通常情况下,在非真实条件句中主句和从句的谓语动词所指时间是一致的, 但有时也可能指不同的时间,这时要根据上下文的意思采用各自不同的谓语动词形式.6.Y o u d i d nt l e t m e d r i v e.I f w e_i n t u r

5、n,y o u_s o t i r e d.A.d r o v e;d i d n't g e tB.d r o v e;w o u l d n't g e tC.w e r e d r i v i n g;w o u l d nt g e tD.h a d d r i v e n;w o u l d nt h a v e g o t7.I f y o u h a d m a d e g o o d p r e p a r a t i o n s b e f o r e,y o u_a b o u t t h e c o m i n g e x a m i n a t i o

6、n n o w.A.w o u l d n o t b e w o r r i e dB.w o u l d n o t h a v e w o r r i e dC.c a n n o t b e w o r r i e dD.c o u l d n o t h a v e b e e n w o r r i e d虚实错综的句子在同一个句子中,既有虚拟语气,又有陈述语气。常用句型:虚拟主句+ but/unfortunately + 事实8.W h a t h a p p e n e d t o t h e y o u n g t r e e s w e p l a n t e d?T h

7、e t r e e s_w e l l,b u t I d i d nt w a t e r t h e m.A.m i g h t g r o wB.n e e d nt h a v e g r o w nC.w o u l d g r o wD.w o u l d h a v e g r o w n9.-W o u l d y o u h a v e t o l d h i m t h e a n s w e r h a d i t b e e n p o s s i b l e?”-I w o u l d h a v e,b u t I_s o b u s y t h e n.”A.h

8、a d b e e nB.w e r eC.w a sD.w o u l d b e含蓄条件句有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来,二是暗含在上下文中,比如通过介词短语或副词来表示。如:but for/but that, with/without, or/otherwise(相当于一个虚拟条件句, in case of, under more favourable conditions,this way等。10.W h e r e_?I g o t s t u c k i n t h e h e a v y t r a f f i c,o r I_h e r e e a r l i e r.A

9、.d i d y o u g o;h a d a r r i v e dB.a r e y o u;w o u l d c o m eC.w e r e y o u;w o u l d c o m eD.h a v e y o u b e e n;w o u l d h a v e b e e n11.I l o s t y o u r a d d r e s s,o t h e r w i s e I_y o u l o n g b e f o r e.A.h a d v i s i t e dB.h a v e v i s i t e dC.w o u l d h a v e v i s

10、i t e dD.s h o u l d v i s i t12._t h e f o g,w e s h o u l d h a v e r e a c h e d o u r s c h o o l.A.B e c a u s e o fB.I n s p i t e o fC.I n c a s e o fD.B u t f o r13.W i t h o u t e l e c t r i c i t y h u m a n l i f e_q u i t e d i f f e r e n t t o d a y.A.i sB.w i l l b eC.w o u l d h a v

11、 e b e e nD.w o u l d b e14.W i t h o u t y o u r h e l p,I_t h e e x a m l a s t t e r m.A.f a i l e d i nB.w o u l d h a v e f a i l e dC.w o u l d nt p a s sD.w o u l d f a i l二、过去虚拟式:即表现在用过去式,表过去用过去完成,表将来用过去将来。W ish“但愿”后的宾语从句中、as if/as though“好像”后的方式状语从句或表语从句中even if即使/纵然后面的让步状语从句中 17.I w i s h

12、y o u_g o w i t h m e t o m o r r o w.A.w i l lB.w o u l dC.s h a l lD.c a n18.W h e n a p e n c i l i s p a r t l y i n a g l a s s o f w a t e r,i t l o o k s a s i f_.A.b r e a k sB.h a s b r o k e nC.w e r e b r o k e nD.h a d b e e n b r o k e n19.H e h a d a n e x p r e s s i o n o f r e s e n

13、 t m e n t,a s i f M a r t i n_a f o o l o f h i mA.h a d m a d eB.m a k e sC.m a d eD.w o u l d m a k e在it is (high/abouttime (that之后的定语从句中,谓语动词常用_或_, should _省略来表示虚拟语气。20.I ts h i g h t i m e w e_t o t h e t h e a t e r.A.w i l lB.s h a l lC.a r e g o i n g t oD.w e n twould (had rather, would as

14、soon, would sooner和would prefer if only“宁愿,倒希望”所引起的从句中要求用_表示当时或将来的情况,用_表示过去的情况,表示希望或婉转的责备。21.Id r a t h e r y o u_a n y t h i n g a b o u t i t f o r t h e t i m e b e i n g.A.d oB.d i d nt d oC.d o ntD.d i d nt三、现在虚拟式:在含有要求,建议,命令等含义的名词性从句中,形式:主语+(should+动词原形,I、It is important/vital/necessary/essent

15、ial 等+ that这些主语从句中,要用_。但是,Its +impossible/ strange/ a pity/ surprising/ astonishing/ amazing等表示惊讶,怀疑,不可置信等含义时,should含义是竟然,不省。22.I ts s t r a n g e t h a t t h e y_n o t h i n g a b o u t t h i s m a t t e r.A.k n o wB.w o u l d k n o wC.k n o w sD.k n e w23. It is important that we _ wild animals.A.

16、 will protectB. should protectC. shall protectD. are protectingII、两个坚持:_(“坚决要求/坚决主张”,urge(“极力主张/强烈要求”两个命令: _, command四条建议: suggest(建议, advise , propose , recommend ;四项要求: demand , desire , require,request等动词后的宾语从句中,要用_24.T h e g e n e r a l o r d e r e d t h a t t h e t h i e f_A.b e p u n i s h e d

17、B.w o u l d p u n i s hC.w o u l d b e p u n i s h e dD.s h o u l d p u n i s h25.T h e c h a i r m a n r e q u e s t e d t h a t_.A.t h e m e m b e r s s t u d i e d t h e p r o b l e m m o r e c a r e f u l l yB.t h e p r o b l e m s w e r e m o r e c a r e f u l l y s t u d i e dC.t h e p r o b l

18、 e m s c o u l d b e s t u d i e d w i t h m o r e c a r eD.t h e m e m b e r s s t u d y t h e p r o b l e m m o r e c a r e f u l l y26.H e s u g g e s t s w e_t o t h e c i n e m a a t o n c e,o t h e r w i s e w e w i l l b e l a t e.A.m u s t g oB.g oC.w i l l g oD.w o u l d g osuggest,不表示"

19、;建议",而表示"_"insist不表示“坚决主张,坚决要求表示“_”时,其后的宾语从句要用陈述语气。27.T h e r e w a s a h a l f s m i l e o n h i s f a c e w h i c h s u g g e s t e d t h a t h e_h a p p y t o h a v e g i v e n h i s l i f e f o r h i sc o u n t r y.A.w a sB.s h o u l d b eC.w o u l d b eD.w e r e28.T h e y o u n g

20、 m a n i n s i s t e d t h a t h e_n o t h i n g w r o n g a n d_-f r e e.A.d i d;s e tB.h a d d o n e;s h o u l d b e s e tC.d o;b e s e tD.h a d d o n e;m u s t b e s e t、insistance/urge; order/command; suggestion/advice/ proposal/recommendation/ motion;demand/desire/requirement/request; decision/

21、plan/idea 等后面引出的表语从句和同位语从句中,要用_.29.W e a l l a g r e e d t o h e r s u g g e s t i o n t h a t w e_t o t h e G r e a t W a l l f o r s i g h t s e e i n g.A.w i l l g oB.g oC.s h a l l g oD.s h o u l d h a v e g o n e六、情态动词+ have done,意为“本”表示虚拟I.could have done表示过去可能完成而却未完成的动作,意为“_”. might have done

22、表示可能性和实际情况相反,含有责备、抱怨之意,意为“_”. should/ought to have done本应该本应该做某事,而事实上并没有做。意为“_”. shouldnt/oughtnt to have done表示本不该做某事而事实上做了"。意为“_”V. neednt have done“_”。表示过去不必做某事, 但事实上做了。30.I w a s r e a l l y a n x i o u s a b o u t y o u.Y o u_h o m e w i t h o u t a w o r d.A.m u s t nt l e a v eB.s h o u

23、l d nt h a v e l e f tC.c o u l d nt h a v e l e f tD.n e e d nt l e a v e31.O h,J a n n a,y o uv e b r o k e n a n o t h e r g l a s s.Y o u o u g h t_w h e n y o u w a s h e d i t.A.b e c a r e f u lB.t o c a r eC.h a v e c a r e dD.t o h a v e b e e n c a r e f u l32.T h e t r a i n w a s t e n m

24、 i n u t e s l a t e,s o I_h a v e r u n a l l t h e w a y f r o m m y h o u s e t o t h e s t a t i o n.A.c o u l d ntB.s h o u l d ntC.n e e d ntD.m u s t nt33.U n d e r m o r e f a v o r a b l e c o n d i t i o n s,w e_b e t t e r.A.n e e d h a v e d o n eB.s h o u l d d oC.c o u l d h a v e d o

25、n eD.m i g h t b e d o i n g七、had + planned/intended/meant;/hoped/wished/expected;/wanted + to doplanned/intended/meant;/hoped/wished/expected;/wanted + to have done表示“原本希望、打算、想要做某事”would like to have done“原本想要做某事”was/were to have done表示“本打算、本计划、本应当” 做的事而没有做成或没有发生。34.I_y o u a b e a u t i f u l p r

26、e s e n t f o r y o u r b i r t h d a y,b u t I w a s s h o r t o f m o n e y a t t h a t t i m e.A.w o u l d b u yB.h a d b o u g h tC.w o u l d l i k e t o h a v e b o u g h tD.m u s t h a v e b o u g h t高中英语虚拟语气练习题1. If only he _quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.A.

27、 liesB. layC. had lainD. should lie2. How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A. hasB. hadC. will haveD. had had3. You did not let me drive. If we _in turn, you _ so tiredA. drove; didnt getB. drove; wouldnt getC. were driving; wouldnt getD. had driven ; wouldnt have got4. _it

28、 rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the visit to the Yangpu BridgeA. WereB. ShouldC. WouldD. Will5. I suggested the person _ to be put into prisonA. refersB. referringC. referredD. refer6. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it_A. breaksB. has brokenC. were brokenD. had

29、been broken7. I insisted _to see a doctor, but he insisted nothing _ wrong with himA. on him to go; should beB. he went; beC. he go; wasD. he should to; is8. -Your aunt invites you to the movies today-I had rather she _ me tomorrow than todayA. tellsB. toldC. would tellD. had told9. -Would you have

30、called her up had it been possible-Yes, but I _busy doing my homeworkA. wasB. wereC. had beenD. would be10. I was ill that day, otherwise I _ the sports meetA. would have taken part inB. took part inC. had taken part inD. would take part in11. _the clouds, you would find the airplane in the sky easi

31、lyA. Had it not been forB. If it were notC. If it had not been forD. Were it not for12. If my lawyer _here last Sunday, he _ me from goingA. had been, would have preventedB. had been, would preventC. were, preventD. were, would have prevented13. _hard, he would have passed the examA. If he were to w

32、ork B. Had he worked C. Should he work D. Were he to work D. Had he left 14. _today, he would get there by Friday A. Were he to leaveB. If he had left A. are B. were C. would be A. has come B. did come C. Did he to leave 15. Had you listened to the doctor, you _all right now D. would have been C. co

33、me D. had come C. had been, would have helped 16. I did not see your sister at the meeting. If she _, she would have met my brother 17. He _busy yesterday, or he _you with your experiment. A. was, had helped B. was, would have helped D. were, would have helped 18. If it _for the snow, we_ the mounta

34、in yesterday A. were not, could have climb B. were not, could climb C. had not been, could have climbed D. hadnt been, could climb 19. Without electricity, human life _quite difficult today A. is B. will be C. would have been D. would be 20. -I am going to tell her the news -I would as soon you _her

35、 about it A. didnt tell A. stayed A. should put on B. dont tell C. hadnt tell B. could stay C. has stayed D. wont tell D. stay D. put on 21. Mikes father, as well as his mother, insisted he _home 22. It was requested that the play _again B. would put on C. be put on 23. She insisted that a doctor _

36、immediately A. had sent for B. send C. be sent for 24. -Did you scold him for his carelessness -Yes, but _it A. Id rather not do do 25. If only I _my car A. hadnt lost A. is A. do A. is B. would B. didnt do B. wouldnt lose C. didnt lose D. havent lost 26. But for water, it _impossible to live in the

37、 earth C. were D. wouldnt be C. dont D. didnt D. should be D. should be 27. I would rather you _anything about it for the time being 28. The kind-hearted couple treat the orphan very well as though he _ their own son B. were C. had been 29. How the old people wish that they _young once more A. were

38、B. could become C. had been 30. It is high time that we _ a meeting to discuss this problem 6 D. was sent B. Id rather not have done C. I should t do D. Id better not A. hold B. held C. have held A. even if , was B. though, would be concert A. had not B. did not have had D. had held C. even, had bee

39、n D. as if, were 31. The thief closed his eyes _ he _dying 32. I wish that you _ such a bad headache because I am sure that you would have enjoyed the C. hadnt had C. should discuss D. helping D. would obey D. hadnt have D. will be discussed 33. The chairman insisted that we _the question again A. w

40、ill discuss B. to discuss A. help B. to help A. obeys A. was A. came A. did B. do A. be put A. had been A. must finish C. helped 34. He requested that the students _them get in crops 35. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody _the rules B. Obey C. will obey B. had been B. will come C. shall d

41、o B. put B. has been 36. I wish I _here then C. were D. would be C. had come D. have done C. should put C. was D. been C. be finished D. must be finished D. had been put D. should have come 37. It is strange that he _back so early 38. Mother suggested that I _my homework first before watching TV 39.

42、 My suggestion is that the meeting _off till nest Sunday 40. He is talking so much about America as if he _ there 41. The teacher demanded that the exam _ before eleven B. would be finished 42. -Sorry, Joe. I did not mean to -Dont call me “Joe”, I am Mr. Parker to you, and _ you forget it! A. do B.

43、didnt C. did D. dont C. would have, have been washing 43. I did not attend the lecture by Pro. Jackson. I _ but I _ all this morning A. would, have washed B. could, have been washing D. could have, had washing 44. How I wish I _ to repair the watch! I only made it worse A. had tried B. hadnt tried C

44、. have tried D. didnt try 45. -How could I thank you enough? -Dont mention it. Any other man _it A. must do B. could do C. would have done D. should have done 46. Key European governments insist Iraqs co-operation _ good and military action_ to allow inspections to continue A. be, be delayed B. is, delay C. should be, be delayed D. is , be delayed 47. If the hurricane had happened during th