高二英语外研版必修5 Module 6 Saving the

1、定语从句中关系代词省略与保留一、 that 在定语从句中作表语时的省略。关系代词作 be 的表语 , 且先行词是特指时 , 关系代词通常用 that(不用 who 或 which 或省 略 :He doesn't seem to be the man (that he was ten years ago. 他看起来已经不是十 年前的样子了。The modern aeroplane is not the machine (that it was when first invented. 现代飞机已不是最先发明时的那种样子了。She was not the cheerful woman (

2、that she was before she married.她已经不是结 婚前的那个漂亮女人了。She is all (that a teacher should be.她具备一个老师应该具备的所有条件。但如果先行词是泛指时 , 关系代词通常用 which, 且不省略 :Even if John were a millionaire which he was not,he would not use a farthing o f his wealth to benefit the people. 即使约翰是个百万富翁 , 他也不会用他的一分钱去 做有益于人民的事。而他并不是百万富翁。He

3、looked like a lawyer which he was.他像个律师 , 而他也的确是个律师。二、 that 在从句中作补语时。例如 :I'm not the fool(that you thought me. 我不是你以前所认为的那个傻子了。He is the nicest teacher (that the students consider him in their school. 他就是学生认为学校中最好的那个老师。He is not the man (that he used to be.She is all (that a teacher should be.三、

4、作状语时的省略。1. 当先行词是 reason, 且在定语从句中作原因状语时 , 可以用关系副词 why 或关系代词 that, 也可以省略。例如 :The reason (why/that he failed was his laziness. 他失败的原因是因为他懒惰。 That is the reason I did it. 那就是我做那件事的原因。2. 当先行词是 way, 且在定语从句中作方式状语时 , 关联词可用 in which或 that, 也可 以省略。例如 :The way(in which/ that these comrades look at problems is

5、wrong.这些同志看 待问题的方式是错误的。That was the way(in which / that she worked the problem out. 她就是用那种办 法解决问题的。3. 当先行词是 time 时 , 关联词可用 when, that或省略。例如 :The second time (that I saw him was in 2000. 我第二次见到他是在 2000年。 I don't know the exact time (when/ that the sports meeting will take place. 我不知道运动会举办的确切时间。4.

6、 当先行词是 place 时 , 关联词可用 where,that 或省略。例如 :The place(where/ that we will have our picnic is not decided yet. 我们举行 野餐的地点还没定下来。This is the right place he was born.这儿就是他的出生地。 (注意 :句末不可用介词 in四. 在 there be 结构中出现定语从句,或在定语从句中出现 there be 时,用作主语 的关系代词也可省略。There is a man downstairs (who wants to see you.There&

7、#39;s somebody at the door (that wants to see you.门口有人要见你。This is the best dictionary (that there is in the libraryThese are the only books (that there are on this subject in our library. 我 们图书馆关于这个问题的书 , 全都在这里了。This is the fastest train (that there is to London. 这是到伦敦的最快的火车。 There was a Mr. Johnson

8、 (who called to see you this morning . 有一个叫Johnson 先生的今天早上打电话来说要见你。关系代词的保留在下列四种情况下 , 关系代词虽作宾语 , 却不能省略。一、在介词 +whom /which结构中 , whom, which不能省略。例如 :Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers?你知道附近有可以买到 花的商店吗 ?That is the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.刚才和我爸爸 交谈的那个人是校长

9、。二、在非限制性定语从句中 , 作宾语的关系代词也不能省略。例如 :Mr Green, whom you know, is the tallest in our school. 格林先生是我们学校里 最高的 , 你也认识他。The elephant is like a spear, as anyone can see. 大象像长矛 , 任何人都知道。 三、在 the same . as, such . as, as . as, the same. that结构中 , as, that 即使作宾语 , 也不能省略。例如 :I have bought the same bike as you (have. (指同类用 as 我买了一辆和你的一样 的自行车。This is the same book that I read the day before yesterday. 这就是我前天读过 的那本书。 (关系代词 that 如要换成 as, 则指与我读的书一样 , 而不是同一本。 四、当 and, but, or等连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰一个先行词时 , 关系代 词第一个可省略 , 第二、第三个等不可省略。例如 :This is the book (which I read yesterday and which I found