超声无损检测术语

1、1范围 本标准界定了用于超声无损检测方法的术语，作为标准和一般使用的共同基础。 2一般术语 2.1声吸收acoustical absorption 2.2声各向异性acoustical anisotropy 2.3声阻抗acoustical impedance 2.4声影acoustic shadow 阴影区shadow zone 2.5衰减attenuation 声衰减sound attenuation 2.6声衰减系数attenuation coefficient 2.7声束轴线beam axis 2.8声束边缘beam edge 2.9声束轮廓beam profile 2.10声束扩散b

2、eam spread 2.11分贝decibel db 2.12不连续discontinuity 2.13边缘效应edge effect 2.14远场far field 2.15缺陷flaw defect 2.16界面interface 2.17背反射损失loss of back reflection 底波损失 2.18近场near field 菲涅耳区fresnel zone 2.19近场长度near field length 2.20近场点near field point 2.21传播时间propagation time time of flight 声时 2.22反射系数reflecti

3、on coefficient 2.23反射体reflector 2.24散射scattering 2.25声场sound field 2.26声速sound velocity 传播速度velocity of propagation 2.27检测频率test frequency 2.28超声声束ultrasonic beam 声束sound beam 2.29超声波ultrasonic wave 3与“波”相关的术语 3.1纵波longitudinal wave 压缩波compressional wave 3.2连续波continuous wave 3.3爬波creeping wave 3.4波

4、型转换mode conversion mode transfomation wave conversion 3.5板波plate wave 兰姆波lamb wave 3.6横波transverse wave 切变波shear wave 3.7球面波spherical wave 3.8表面波surface wave 瑞利波rayleigh wave 3.9波前wavefront 波阵面 3.10波长wavelength 3.11波列wave train 4与“角”相关的术语 4.1入射角angle of incidence 4.2反射角angle of reflection 4.3折射角angl

5、e of refraction 4.4临界角critical angle 4.5扩散角divergence angle 指向角 5与“脉冲和回波”相关的术语 5.1背面回波back wall echo back surface echo 背反射back reflection 底波bottom echo b 5.2延迟回波delayed echo 5.3回波echo 反射reflection 5.4缺陷回波flaw echo defect echo f 不连续回波discontinuity echo d 5.5幻影回波ghost echo phantom echo wrap-around 5.6

6、草状回波grass 组织回波structural echoes 5.7界面回波interface echo 5.8多次回波multiple echo 多次反射multiple reflection 5.9脉冲pulse 5.10侧面回波side wall echo w 5.11干扰回波spurious echo parasitic echo 5.12界面波surface echo s 表面回波 5.13发射脉冲指示transmission pulse indication t 始波 5.14发射脉冲transmitter pulse 6与“探头”相关的术语 6.1斜射探头angle beam

7、probe angle beam search unit 斜探头angle probe 6.2中心频率centre frequency 6.3会聚距离convergence distance 6.4会聚区convergence zone 会聚点convergence point 6.5延迟声程delay path 6.6场深depth of field 焦区长度focal zone focal range 6.7双换能器探头double transducer probe 双晶探头twin transducer probe 双探头dual search unit 6.8有效换能器尺寸effect

8、ive transducer size 6.9电磁声换能器electro-magnetic transducer 电动换能器electrodynamic transducer 6.10焦距focal length 6.11焦点focal point focus 6.12聚焦探头focussing probe 6.13液浸探头immersion probe 6.14探头标称角nominal angle of probe 6.15标称频率nominal frequency 6.16标称换能器尺寸nominal transducer size 换能器尺寸transducer size 元件尺寸ele

9、ment size 6.17直探头normal probe 直射探头straight beam probe straight beam search unit 6.18峰值频率peak frequency 6.19峰数peak number 6.20相控阵探头phased array probe 6.21探头probe search unit 6.22探头阻尼因子probe damping factor 6.23探头入射点probe index 6.24探头靴probe shoe 6.25屋顶角roof angle 半顶角toe-in-semi-angle 6.26偏向角squint angl

10、e 6.27偏向角squint angle 6.28表面波探头surface wave probe 6.29换能器transducer 晶片crystal 元件element 6.30换能器背衬transducer backing 6.31可变角探头variable angle probe 6.32耐磨片wear plate diaphragm 6.33斜楔wedge 折射棱镜refracting prism 6.34轮式探头wheel probe wheel search unit 7与“超声检测仪器”相关的术语 7.1幅度线性amplitude linearity 7.2盲区dead zo

11、ne 7.3延迟扫描delayed time base sweep 零点校正correction of zero point 7.4动态范围dynamic range 7.5电子距离-幅度补偿electronic distance-amplitude-compensation (edac) 7.6时基线扩展expanded time-base sweep scale expansion 7.7缺陷检测灵敏度flaw (defect) detection sensitivity 7.8增益控制gain control db 控制db control 增益调节gain adjustment 7.9

12、闸门gate 时间闸门time gate 7.10闸门水平gate level 闸门电平 监视电平monitor level 监视水平 7.11脉冲（回波）幅度pulse (echo) amplitude 信号幅度signal amplitude 7.12脉冲能量pulse energy 7.13脉冲（回波）长度pulse (echo) length 脉冲宽度 7.14脉冲重复频率pulse repetition frequency prf 脉冲重复率pulse repetition rate 7.15脉冲形状pulse shape 7.16抑制rejection supression rej

13、ect grass cutting 7.17分辨力resolution 7.18时基线time base 扫描线sweep 7.19时基线控制time base control 扫描线控制sweep control 7.20时基线性time base linearity 7.21时基线范围time base range 检测范围test range 7.22超声检测设备ultrasonic test equipment 7.23超声检测仪ultrasonic test instrument 8与“试块”相关的术语 8.1校准试块calibration block 标准试块standard te

14、st block 8.2平底孔flat bottom hole fbh 圆盘缺陷disc flaw 圆盘形反射体disc shaped reflector 8.3参考试块reference block 对比试块8.4参考缺陷 reference flaw (defect) 参考反射体referencereflector 8.5横孔side drilled hole sdh side cylindrical hole 9与“检测技术（方法）”相关的术语 9.1斜射技术angle beam technique 9.2自动扫查automatic scanning 9.3接触检测技术contact t

15、esting technique 9.4直接扫查技术direct scan technique 一次波技术single traverse technique 9.5双探头技术double probe technique 一收一发技术pitch and catch technique 9.6二次波技术double traverse technique 9.7间隙检测技术gap testing technique 间隙扫描gap scanning 9.8液浸技术immersion technique 液浸检测immersion testing 9.9间接扫查技术indirect scan tech

16、nique 间接扫查indirect scan 9.10手动扫查manual scanning 9.11多次回波技术multiple-echo technique 9.12多次波技术multiple traverse technique 9.13直射技术normal beam technique straight beam technique 9.14环绕扫查orbital scanning 9.15脉冲回波技术pulse echo technique 脉冲反射技术reflection (pulse) technique 9.16扫查scanning 9.17单探头技术single probe

17、 technique 9.18螺旋扫查spiral scanning 9.19旋转扫查swivel scanning 9.20串列扫查技术tandem (scanning) technique 9.21衍射声时技术time-of-flight diffraction technique tofd 9.22穿透技术transmission technique 9.23尖端回波技术tip echo technique 尖端衍射技术tip diffraction technique 10与“受检件”相关的术语 10.1背面back wall back surface 底面bottom 10.2声束入

18、射点beam index 10.3回波接收点echo receiving point 10.4探头取向probe orientation 10.5扫查方向scanning direction 10.6检测面test surface 扫查面scanning surface 10.7受检件test ob-ject examination ob-ject 10.8检测体积test volume examination volume 11与“耦合”相关的术语 11.1耦合剂couplant 耦合介质coupling medium 耦合薄膜coupling film 11.2耦合损失coupling losses 11.3耦合剂声程couplant p