非谓语动词用作宾语和宾语补足语

1、 第九节：非谓语动词用作宾语和宾语补足语 一、非谓语动词(短语作动词宾语 1. 要求动词+ing作宾语的动词 有些动词只要求动词+ing作宾语, 这类动词有: admit, advise, advocate, allow, anticipate, appreciate, avoid, consider,delay, deny, endure, enjoy, escape, excuse, fancy, finish, imagine, include, involve, justify, keep, mind, miss, pardon, permit, postpone, prevent,

2、quit, regret, require, resent, resist, risk, stop, suggest, understand, cant help (couldnt help, stand 等, 例如: I couldnt help feeling proud of our country. Someone suggested organizing an outing to the Western Hills. 某些动词词组也要求动词+ing作宾语, 例如: give up, leave off, put off (注: 这些动词短语均为动词+副词结构以及around to,

3、be accustomed to, be used to, be opposed to, devote to, feel like,look forward to, object to, resort to, submit to 等。例如: Mr. Smith gave up smoking according to his doctors advice. Do you feel like having a walk with us in the woods by the sea? Some people in the rich world are opposed to doing busin

4、ess with poor countries. 有时在形容词后面也要求用动词+ing, 例如: busy, worth, worthwhile等。例如: Is it worthwhile making such an experiment? 还有在Point, trouble, difficulty 等名词后, 也用动词+ing。例如: There is not much point (in thinking about it. American businessmen have difficulty (in understanding their Japanese counterparts

5、. 注: 在 its no use, its not much use, its no good 后要求用动词+ing。但是在it is of no use 后则要用动词不定式。例如: Its no use crying about it. You must do something. Its no good writing to him; he never answers letters. Its of no use to cry over spilt milk. 2. 要求动词不定式作宾语的动词 有些动词后面可以跟动词不定式, 这类动词有: afford, agree, aim, arra

6、nge, ask, assist, attempt, (cant bear, beg, begin, bother, care cease, choose, claim, continue, dare, decide, demand, deserve, desire, determine, dislike, endeavour, expect, fail, fear, forget, hate, help, hesitate, hope, intend, learn, like, long, love, manage, mean,need, neglect, offer, plan, pref

7、er, prepare, pretend, promise, propose,refuse, regret, remember, require, seek, start, strive, swear, tend, think,threaten, try, undertake, want, wish 等。例如: Dont hesitate to ask me questions if you dont understand. He endeavoured to adopt a positive but realistic attitude to the issue. Philip polite

8、ly pretended not to have heard this remark. 3. 在有些动词后面既可以跟动词+ing, 也可以跟动词不定式这类动词有: attempt, (cantbear, begin, cease, continue, deserve, dislike, dread, fear,forget, hate, intend, like, love, need, neglect, plan, prefer, propose, regret,remember, require, start, try, want 等。 在有些动词后面, 两种结构之间的意义差别不大。例如:

9、 He prefers writing (to write an outline before he writes a summary. He had really intended staying (to stay longer. 但在某些动词之后, 两种结构之间的意义差别较明显: We must try to solve this problem. 我们必须设法解决这个问题。 We can try solving this problem in other ways. 我们可以试用另一些方法来解决这一问题。 I must remember to pay you for the ticket

10、. 我一定要记住把电影票的钱支付给你。 这类词还有forget, mean, regret等。 demand, deserve, need, require, want 等词既可以要求动词+ing作宾语, 也可以要求动词不定式的被动式作宾语。例如: Johns house in the country wants painting. Johns house in the country wants to be painted. 这两种结构意义相同。 还有像go on, stop 这类动词如果后接动词+ing 则表示继续(做某事或停止(做某事; 而如果后接动词不定式则表示前面一个动作已结束或停止

11、, 继之做另一个动作。例如: The robot first reads the engineering drawing and then goes on to assemble the parts 机器人首先阅读工程图纸, 然后根据图约安装零部件。 Some students went on working on their examination when the bell rang. 当铃声响的时候, 一些学生还在继续做考试题。 二、非谓语动词作宾语补足语 要求动词不定式做宾语补足语的动词有: feel, have, hear, let, listen to, look at, make

12、, notice, observe, see 和watch。在这些动词后面, 做宾语补足语的动词不定式不带to。例如: Ill try to get someone repair the recorder for you. Electricity makes the motor run. 但是当这些动词用于被动语态时, 后面的动词不定式则必须带to: The motor is made to run by electricity. 在 cannot but, do nothing but (except, had better, had best, rather than, would rat

13、her 。.than 和 would sooner than等结构后要求不带to的?动词不定式。例如: I have done nothing except do what I should. 要求动词+ing(短语作宾语补足语的动词有: discover, feel, find, have, hear, keep, leave, like, need, notice, observe, report, see, smell, spot, want, watch 等。例如: Male secretaries sometimes find themselves mistaken for high

14、er status professionals. You can have your tape recorder repaired in the shop over there. 其中在see, hear, feel, observe, watch, notice 等动词后, 既可以用不定式作宾语补足语, 也可以用动词+ing作宾语补足语。前者强调动作发生的?事实( 即动作全部过程结束 , 后者则强调动作的进行过程(即动作正在进行。 Tom saw his parents get into the car and drive off. I saw him making the experime

15、nt. 注: 如果是过去分词作宾语补足语, 则表示过去分词所表示的动作在谓语?动词所表示的动作发生之前已经完成。例如: We found the work completely done. Exercise 9-I Fill in the blanks with proper verb forms: 1. The team really looks good tonight because the coach had them _ (parctise every night this week. 2. We will have you _ (know that the machine has

16、been made _ (work at full speed. 3. The injured man could do nothing but_(wait for the doctor to arrive. 4. You had better _(reserve your seats today if you want to go to the game. 5. We would rather put the meeting off than _(hold it without adequate preparation. 6. She likes to _(listento the rain

17、 _(patteron the window-panes. 7. I would like you _(bring the book which I lent you three months ago. 8. If your pencil is let _(dropto the floor, you can see gravity in action. 9. Suddenly we felt the atmosphere _(grow tense. 10. He was seen_(drive the car at high speed on the highway yesterday. 11

18、. I know its not important but I cant help _(think about it. 12. That place is worth _(travel hundreds of miles to visit. 13. Do you mean _(risk_(catch cold by going out now that it has started pouring with rain? 14. How do you always manage _(escape _(helpto do the washing-up? 15. I cant stand peop

19、le _(shout and _(push on the street. 16. We shall appreciate _(discuss the matter with you again. 17. It is of no use _(argue about it because he will never change his mind. 18. It is not much use _(have a bicycle if you dont know how to ride it. 19. If we go _(camp, we ought to take some food with

20、us. 20. They dont allow_(make noise in the classroom building. Exercise 9-II Fill in the blanks with proper verb forms and then translate the sentences into Chinese: 1. I forget _(collect your homework yesterday. 2. I shall never forget _(gowith you to see the Pr esident. 3. Try _(sitstill in a chai

21、r in a darkened room; you will be surprised how fast youll get sleepy. 4. My sister tried _(cheerme up by every possible means. 5. A party tonight will mean _(work extra hard tomorrow. 6. I meant _(ring you but Im afraid I forgot. 7. I regret _(say it was your fault. 8. I regret _(say you have faile

22、d in the examination. 9. I dont like _(swim today because it is too cold. 10. Tom has lived in a village on the sea and he likes _(swimvery much. 11. We wont have him _(dothe work owing to his health. 12. We saw the machine tools _(assemble, when we visited the factory last week. 13. Did you see Mr.

23、 Chang_(switchoff the light 14. At this moment he felt his heart_(beathard. 15. I want to gent something _(readduring the vocation. Exercise 9-III Choose the one answer that best complete the sentence: 1. Nobody enjoys having a tooth _. A. drill and fill B. drilling and filling C. to drill and fill

24、D. drilled and filled 2. Its no use our _any longer. He may come by any train. He is used to finding his way around. A. to wait B. waiting C. to have waited D. having waited 3. The revolutionary fighter would rather die with his head high than _with his knees bent. A. to live B. living C. live D. li

25、ved 4. I forgot _her that my coat buttons need to be sewn on. A. reminding B. having reminded C. to remind D. to have reminded 5. Its no good _remember grammatical rules. You need to practise what you have learned. A. trying to B. to try to C. try to D. tried to 6. I feel like _to the owner of the h

26、ouse to complain. A. writing B. to write C. write D. having written 7. As we approached the village we saw many new houses_. A. built B. build C. being built D. building 8. Tim cannot but _ his supervisor to help him solve the difficulty he has in doing his project. A. to ask B. ask C. asking D. ask

27、ed 9. Would you mind _ quiet for a moment? I am trying _a form. A. keeping; filling out B. to keep; to fill out C. keeping; to fill out D. to keep; filling out 10. I dont remember _ to professor Brown during my last visit to Harvard. A. having introduced B. having been introduced C. to have introduc

28、ed D. to have been introduced 11. Why did you leave the meeting early? I found the discussion _. A. boring B. bored C. bore D. boredom 12. The electric shaver needs _before it can be used. A. repairing B. to repair C. being repaired D. to be repairing 13. I did not mean _anything, but those apples looked so good I couldnt resist_one. A. to eat; trying B. to eat; to trying C. eating; to try