文学阅读与欣赏09年春季课程终结考试考前指导和要点串讲

1、“文学阅读与欣赏”09年春季课程终结考试考前指导和要点串讲1. 课程终结考试成绩分析 “文学阅读与欣赏”课程总评成绩学期课程不及格率及格率70分以上06秋文学阅读与欣赏 15.82%84.18% 3007春文学阅读与欣赏19.35%80.65%42.05%07秋文学阅读与欣赏24.21%75.79%21%08春文学阅读与欣赏6%94%75%从这个成绩来看，得60分以上比较容易，要想得到70分以上要付出一些努力。2 试卷抽查情况分析07秋季学期的试卷抽查情况（30份）：SectionSection 1（文学常识）Section 2（戏剧）Section 3（莎士比亚）Section 4 （短篇小

2、说）Section 5（写作）总（均）分PartPart 1Part 2均分13.1434.3215.1169.8579.80415.19657.7满分20158122520100得分率65.7%28.8%63.95%82.14%39.21%75.98%57.7%08春季学期的试卷抽查情况（30份）：SectionSection 1（文学常识）Section 2（诗歌）Section 3（莎士比亚）Section 4 （短篇小说）Section 5（写作）总（均）分PartPart 1Part 2均分15.2676.7332.6837.1729.13314.01755.03满分20158122

3、520100得分率76.3%44.9%33.54%59.77%36.53%70.08%55.03%07秋季学期的试卷调整了Section 3莎士比亚的理解，把原来的主观题，要求学生对莎士比亚原文句子重写（paraphrase），改成客观题，针对莎士比亚原文句子，提供已经改好的四个句子，要求学生判断那个句子保持了原文的意思。该题调整后，教学目的仍然能够达到，学生在该题上的表现有了很大的提高。08年春季学期的试卷调整了Section 1的文学常识填空题，有原来的填空不给如何提示，改成提供填空词的首字母，学生的得分率由28.8%提高到44.9%3 试卷题型分析a) 第一大题是文学常识的考核，其中第一

4、部分是10个有关课本出现的文学概念、文学人物和作品的单项选择题。10个均是课本的重点或者基本常识，所以比较简单，而这部分得分也较好。大部分同学都在12分以上（满分20分），很多是1620分。举例如下：1.The poem “Ozymandias” is about a _.A.traveler B.sculptorC.writer D.king2.The story “A Horseman in the Sky” takes place in _.A.American Independence War B.American Civil War C.Colonial timeD.20th cen

5、tury3.The letter found by Kathleen in “The Demon Lover” was signed only using the letter_.A.K B.PC.V D.J4.“London” is a _ by _.A.drama, William Cowper B.drama, William Shakespeare C.poem, William BlakeD.poem, William Wordsworth5.When a pair of consecutive lines in a poem rhyme this is known as a_ .A

6、.ballad B.stanza C.couplet D.sonnet6.A _ character is created to represent the living symbol of one of the frequently reoccurring characteristics of human nature.A. stockB. roundC. flatD. humorous7.Four of Shakespeares well-known tragedies are _.A.Macbeth, Othello, King Lear and Wuthering HeightsB.M

7、acbeth, the Merchant of Venice, Othello and King Lear C.Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello and Wuthering HeightsD.Macbeth, Hamlet, Othello and King Lear8.An accepted dramatic convention used in Shakespeares time where a character expresses his thoughts and feelings, while alone on a stage, is referred to as a

8、 _.A.memorialB.soliloquyC.orationD.setting9. Robinson Crusoe is a story, first published in 1719. In the story, Robinson Crusoe is the major character and Friday is his _.A. enemyB. bossC. slaveD. colleague10. It is important to realize that when the author writes a story, he creates “someone” to te

9、ll the story: that storyteller is called the “_”.A. writerB. witnessC. characterD. narratorKey: 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. C6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. Db) 第一大题的第二部分是文学常识填空。一般是每句三个空，考核文学常识中的知识点。这部分往年得分情况不好，反映出考生对文学常识中的知识点能够辨认，但写出来有困难，请大家考前练习。现举例如下，作为练习题。1Please list 3 types of literary genres d_, p_, f_.答案是

10、drama，poetry，fiction如果你写play, poem, story (or novel) 也是可以接受的。2. We call Jane Eyre a r_ character, since she has three dimensions as a person, and we see her change and develop. She is a plain-featured, empathetic, hard-working, and passionate girl. She works as a governess at Thornfield Hall and fal

11、ls in love with her wealthy employer, R_. But her strong sense of conscience does not permit her to become his mistress, and she does not return to him until his insane wife is dead and she herself has come into an inheritance. 答案是round, Rochester3. Unit 6 details five different points of view that

12、authors can employ when writing narratives. Two of these are Objective and I-agent, the others are o_, l_ o _and e_.答案是omniscient, limited omniscient, eyewitness4. In Unit 8, three p_ by Cowper, Wordsworth and Blake highlight contrasting views of life in the t_ and life in the c_.答案是poems, town, cou

13、ntry5. When the initial setting for a story occurs in the introduction, the literary term for this is e_. Following this there is a(n) e_ of the plot where the action develops into conflict causing a climax to be reached when these conflicts all reach a(n) c_ point before an ultimate resolution occu

14、rs.答案是exposition, elaboration, crisisMore exercises of this type:1. Characterisation in literature can be achieved through e_ by an omniscient author, i_ m_or by characters themselves, and direct speech by characters with varied tone and mood. (exposition, internal monologue, )2. Characters can be c

15、lassified as major and m_ characters in terms of their importance in works. Or they are f_ and round characters, depending on whether they develop or not in the story. (minor, flat) 3. V_ is a commentary or explanation which is heard as part of a film or television programme but which is spoken by s

16、omeone who is not actually seen. F_ is a scene in a film that suddenly returns to events in the past. (Voice-over, Flashback) 4. The poem "An Irish Airman Foresees His Death" was a w_ poem written by Y_ . In this poem he is seen to directly d_ w_. (war, W.B. Yeats, describe war) 5. Aphra B

17、enn, Daniel Defoe and Blake all explore the idea of the dark stranger but from different points of view: the dark stranger as a n_ s_, or as a n_ s_. (noble salvage, natural slave)6. To be or not to be are the first words of the soliloquy spoken by H_ in S_s drama, a prince experiencing a sea of t_.

18、(Hamlet; Shakespeare, troubles)7. In a story, the plot structures consists of e_, e_, c_ and denouement. (exposition, elaboration, climaxc)戏剧或诗歌分析。这部分主要考查的是对课本中某段戏剧节选或对一篇诗歌的理解。如果是戏剧分析，5个简答题涉及主题、人物、情节等，如果是诗歌分析，5个简答题涉及主题、韵脚、诗歌形象、诗句的理解。只要对课本熟悉，这部分的得分能够很高。举例如下，请练习：I.TreesI think that I shall never seeA

19、poem lovely as a treeA tree whose hungry mouth is prestAgainst the earths sweet flowing breast;A tree that looks at God all day;And lifts her leafy arms to pray;A tree that may in Summer wearA nest of robins in her hair;Upon whose bosom snow has lain;Who intimately lives with rainPoems are made by f

20、ools like me,But only God can make a tree.Questions:1. What is the rhyming scheme?2. What is the name normally given to two consecutive lines of poetry that rhyme?3. Which figures of speech does line 3 employ?4. What is the poets attitude towards trees?Answers:1. aa bb cc dd ee aa2. couplet3. person

21、ification4. He adores the trees.II.An Irish Airman Foresees His DeathI know that I shall see my fateSomewhere among the clouds above;Those that I fight I do not hate,Those that I guard I do not love;My country is Kiltartan Cross,My countrymen Kiltartans poor,No likely end could bring them lossOr lea

22、ve them happier than before.Nor law, nor duty bade me fight,Nor public men, nor cheering crowds,A lonely impulse of delightDrove to this tumult in the clouds;I balanced all, brought all to mind,The years to come seemed waste of breath,A waste of breath the years behindIn balance with this life, this

23、 death. Questions:1. What is the rhyming scheme?2. What are themes of the poem?3. What attitude does the poet seem to be expressing in the first half of his poem?4. Identify the image that Yeats uses in the last few lines of the poem?Answers:1. abab cdcd efef ghgh2. (Any one of these three) (1)War,

24、(2) Death, (3) The futility of war.3. (Any one of the following five)acceptance of death;exhilaration about the experience of war in the air; indifference to the purpose of war; indifference to the result of the war; bitterness about the futility of the war; 4. Yeats uses a waste of breath as an ima

25、ge for both the future (the years ahead ) and the past(the years behind). OR Yeats uses the image a waste of breath for any time other than the present when the fighter is facing death in the sky.d) 莎士比亚作品理解。这部分要求对莎士比亚作品中的词句理解。我们课文中的莎士比亚作品总共选了四篇，大家下些功夫，我相信大家肯定能理解的。举例如下：True, I have married her:The v

26、ery head and front of my offendingHath this extent, no more.A. The only wrong I have done.B. The beginning of my offer.C. The excuse I will have.D. The very daughter I will marry.答案是：A这里把莎士比亚的作品用比较通俗的英语表达出来，希望帮助大家理解莎士比亚。Hamlet (P 215)To be or not to bethat is the Question; Whether its nobler in the

27、mind to suffer The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune, Or to take arms against a sea of troubles, And by opposing end them?To live or to die, that is a question. Is it better to bear the bitterness of bad fate in the mind, or should people rise up to pick up weapons fighting against it and end

28、so many troubles in ones life?To die, to sleepNo more; and by a sleep to say we end The heartache, and the thousand natural shocks That flesh is heir to; Tis a consummation Devoutly to be wished.To die, to sleep, there will be no more existence. And if we can say that we end the trouble and the coun

29、tless natural strikes that human beings are bound to suffer by a sleep, then a sleep or a death would be the perfect thing that we have seriously wished for.To die, to sleep; To sleep, perchance to dream. Ay, theres the rub; For in that sleep of death what dreams may come, When we have shuffled off

30、this mortal coil, Must give us pause. There is the respect That makes calamity of so long life;To sleep perhaps is to dream, that is where the trouble is. In the sleep of death, when we get rid of our physical bodies and free ourselves from these earthly troubles, what may come as our dreams must ma

31、ke us hesitate. It is with this very consideration that people would rather endure a life so long and so painful.Othello (P328)Othello: Most powerful, grave, and respected lordsmy very noble and approved good masters, that I have taken away this old mans daughter, it is most true. The only misdeed I

32、 am accused of is that I have married her. I am unpolished in my speech, and little blessed with the soft phrase of peace. Since I was a child of seven, all my efforts have been concentrated on my military profession, except for the last nine months. I can speak little of this great world, no more t

33、han what belongs to battle field. And therefore I shall help little my own cause forward in speaking for myself. Yet by your gracious patience, I will tell my love story plainly and simply. I will tell how I won his daughter by what drugs, what charms, what conjuration and what mighty magic, for I a

34、m charged with these for such proceeding. Brabantio: A maid who is never bold, who is so still and quiet of spirit that her motion blushed at itself, is to fall in love with what she feared to look on, in spite of her nature, of her years, of her country, of her reputation, of everything. To believe

35、 that love story is a judgment so deformed and totally imperfect that it could accept that perfection could go wrong and go against all the rules of nature. It must be the evil cleverness that drives the love to happen. I therefore assert again, he worked on her with some mixtures which were powerfu

36、l over the blood or conjured to this effect with some magic potion.Duke: To vouch this is no proof.All the Worlds a Stage (P73)And all the men and women merely players: they have their exits and their entrances;All the world is a stage, all the men and women are playing their roles. They were born i

37、nto this world and death would take them away from this world.And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the nurses arms.And every man plays many roles in his lifetime. His whole lifetime could be divided into 7 stages. At first th

38、e part of an infant, crying and vomiting in the nurses arms.And then the school-boy, with his satchel. And shining morning face, creeping like snail Unwillingly to school.And then the man plays the part of a school boy whose face shines in the morning. He walks very slowly toward school, carrying hi

39、s school bag, for he is reluctant to go to school.And then the lover, Sighing like furnace, with a woful ballad Make to his mistress eyebrow.And then he plays the part of a lover. Sighing heavily like a furnace, he writes a sentimental poem which is devoted to his girlfriends eyebrow.Then a soldier,

40、 Full of strange oaths, and bearded like the pard, Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation Even in the cannons mouth.Then he will be a soldier, swears a lot, wearing beard like the leopard. He is very vigilant in guarding his honor. He quarrels with others becau

41、se he is rash and touchy while pursuing fame even at the risk of his life in the war. Yet, the reputation he is seeking is actually like a bubble, easily broken and vanished soon.And then the justice, In fair round belly with good capon lind, With eyes severe, and beard of formal cut, Full of wise saws and modern instances; And so he plays his part.Then he plays the part of an experienced man with severe eyes, formally cut beard and a