虚拟语气 (3)ppt课件

1、Subjective Mood虚拟语气虚拟语气1;.在条件从句中的用法1 概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的客观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是现实，或与现实相反。2 在条件句中的运用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实践能够性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。2真实条件句l真实条件句用于陈说语气，假设的情况能够发生，其中 if 是假设的意思。l句型： 条件从句 主句 普通如今时 shall/will + 动词原形If he comes, he will bring his violin.l典型例题The volleyball match wil

2、l be put off if it _.A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is rained答案B。真实条件句主句为未来时，从句用普通如今时。l留意：1 在真实条件句中，主句不能用be going to表示未来，该用shall, will.(错) If you leave now, you are never going to regret it.(对) If you leave now, you will never regret it.2 表示真理时，主句谓语动词便不用shall (will) +动词原形，而直接用普通如今时的动词方式。3非真实条件句条

3、件从句结果主句与现在事实相反If + 动词过去式（动词be的过去式用were）would should could +动词原形 might与过去事实相反If + 过去完成式（had done）would shouldcould +have donemight与将来事实相反 动词过去式If + should + 动词原形 were to + 动词原形would shouldcould +动词原形might41.与如今现实相反条件从句条件从句: did / were 主句主句: would/should/could/might + doIf they were here, they would h

4、elp you. If we had time, we would go with you.假设我是他，我会恳求那份任务的。假设我是他，我会恳求那份任务的。 If I were you , I would apply for the job.即使我有钱，也不会买它。即使我有钱，也不会买它。 Even if I had the money , I wouldnt buy it.要是他知道谁突破了玻璃，他会怎样办？要是他知道谁突破了玻璃，他会怎样办？ What would you do if you knew who broke the glass?52.与过去现实相反条件从句条件从句:had d

5、one:had done 主句主句: would/should/could/might +have done: would/should/could/might +have doneIf she had worked harder, she would have succeeded.If she had worked harder, she would have succeeded. If he had come yesterday, I would have told him about it. If he had come yesterday, I would have told him

6、about it.假设当时听了他的话，我就不会犯这样的错误了。假设当时听了他的话，我就不会犯这样的错误了。 If I had taken you advice , I wouldn If I had taken you advice , I wouldnt have made such a mistake.t have made such a mistake.假设我再仔细一点的话，我可以做的更好。假设我再仔细一点的话，我可以做的更好。 I could have done it better if I had been more careful. I could have done it bet

7、ter if I had been more careful.假设他没生病，他昨晚能够回来的。假设他没生病，他昨晚能够回来的。 If he hadn If he hadnt been ill, he might have come last night.t been ill, he might have come last night.63.与未来现实相反条件从句:did(were)/should do/were to do 主句: would/should/could/might + doIf you succeeded/should succeed/were to succeed, eve

8、rything would be all right.假设明天下雨，我会待在家里。 If it rained tomorrow , I would stay at home.要是我来做这件事，我会用另一种方法。 If I were to do it , I would do it in another way.74.错综时间条件句在虚拟语气中，有时条件从句动作发生的时间和主句动作发生的时间是不一致的，称为错综时间条件句。这种句子的方式往往要根据句子的时间相调整，分别处置。If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.

9、If you had followed the doctors advice then, you would be all right now.注：时间有时会省略84.虚拟条件句的倒装从句部分假设含有were, should,或had, 可将if省略，再把were, should或had 移到从句句首，实行倒装。Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.Had you come earlier, you would have met him=If you had come

10、 earlier, you would have met him.典型例题_ to do the work, I should do it some other day.A. If were I B. I wereC. Were ID. Was I 答案C. 9特殊的虚拟语气词：should1 It is demanded / necessary / a pity + that构造中的主语从句的谓语动词要用should 加动词原形， should 可省略。(1)suggested, ordered, proposed, required, demanded, requested, insist

11、ed； + (should) do (2)important, necessary, natural, strange,essential ,urgent,advisable,right,vital,a pity , a shame , no wonder(3)It is suggested that we (should) hold a meeting next week. It is necessary that he (should) come to our meeting tomorrow.10特殊的虚拟语气词：should2在宾语从句中的运用在表示命令、建议、要求等一类动词后面的从句

12、中。order, suggest, propose, require, demand, request, insist, command, insist + (should) do I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week.He insisted that he (should ) be sent there. 11特殊的虚拟语气词：特殊的虚拟语气词：should留意： 如suggest, insist不表示建议 或坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于其本意暗示、阐明、坚持以为时，宾语从句用陈说语气。The guard at gate i

13、nsisted that everybody obey the rules.判别改错:You pale face suggests that you (should) be ill. Your pale face suggests that you are ill. I insisted that you ( should) be wrong. I insisted that you were wrong. 12特殊的虚拟语气词：should3在表语从句，同位语从句中的运用在suggestion, proposal, idea, plan, order, advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位

14、语从句中要用虚拟语气，即should+动词原形。 My idea is that we (should) get more people to attend the conference. I make a proposal that we (should) hold a meeting next week. 13wish 与如今现实相反 did/wereWish + 与过去现实相反 had done 与未来现实相反 would/could/should/might doI wish I were a bird.I wish I would go to France some day.I wi

15、sh I hadnt told him that yesterday.我希望和他一样高。 I wish I were as tall as you.我希望明天下雨就好了。 I wish it would rain tomorrow. 14It is (high) time thatIt is (high/about) time that 后面的从句谓语动词要用过去式或用should加动词原形，但should不可省略。It is time that the children went to bed.It is time (that) we had breakfast. It is high time that the children should go to bed.15翻译练习1.If he had known this would happen, 他当初也许会以不同方式行事.2.If I had remembered to close the window, 小偷就不会进来.3.I suggested he _ 使本人顺应 his new conditions.4. If you had_ ( 听从了我的劝告，他就不会堕入费事5. It is suggested that the air conditioner _要安