高一必修一第四单元语法

1、人教课标人教课标 高一高一 必修必修 1 Unit 4The boy who is reading a book over there is my friend. The boy is my friend.He is reading a book over there.Declan is a famous singer.He sings the song tell me why.Declan is a famous singer who sings the song tell me why.He is a popular singer whose song is popular among y

2、oung people.He is a famous singer who is from Taiwan.谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。结局好结局好, 一切都好。一切都好。真正的友谊犹如健康的身体真正的友谊犹如健康的身体, 失去时方知失去时方知其可贵。其可贵。ProverbsFriendship is like health, the value of which is seldom know until it is lost.All is well that end well.He who laughs last laughs best. 在复合句中，修饰在复合句中，修饰某一名

3、词某一名词或者或者代词代词用用作定语的句子就叫做作定语的句子就叫做定语从句定语从句。被定语从。被定语从句修饰的词，叫句修饰的词，叫先行词先行词。引导定语从句的关联词有：引导定语从句的关联词有：关系代词：关系代词：who, whom whose, which, that 关系副词：关系副词：when, where关系代词的句法功能及指代功能关系代词的句法功能及指代功能 关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间，关系代词处在先行词和定语从句之间，身兼三职：连接主从句的身兼三职：连接主从句的纽带纽带、指代先行指代先行词词和在和在从句中充当某种句子成分从句中充当某种句子成分。现在我。现在我们将常用的关系代词的

4、指代功能和在句子们将常用的关系代词的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能总结如下：中的句法功能总结如下：指代人指代人指代物指代物指代人或指代人或物物主语主语whowhichthat宾语宾语whom / whowhichthat定语定语whose (=of whom)whose (=of which)在从句在从句中的作用中的作用指代指代功能功能定语从句的位置定语从句的位置定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。定语从句一定放在被修饰成分之后。e.g. This is the car which he bought last year.先行词先行词定语从句定语从句Do you know the doctor?He

5、 spoke just now. Do you know the doctor who spoke just now?whom指人指人, 在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语, 可省略。可省略。e.g. Do you know the man (whom) we saw at the Beijing Hotel?The girl is from America.I called her just now.The girl (whom ) I called just now is from America. which 指物指物, 在句中作主语或宾语在句中作主语或宾语, 作作宾语时可以省略。宾语时可以省

6、略。 e.g. Im not interested in the book which has just been published.applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is small.The apple which is green is big.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news.I have rea

7、d the newspaper which carries the important news.I showed him the letter.I received it this morningI showed him the letter (which) I received this morning.that 指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语指人或物，在从句中做主语或宾语, 作宾语时可以省略。作宾语时可以省略。The house that Im going to buy faces south.Theyre talking about the film.I have seen the f

8、ilm.Theyre talking about the film (that) Ive seen. It was written by Laoshe.Jane has borrowed the book.Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe.* * 先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定先行词前有下列词语修饰时，定语从句语从句必须用必须用that 引导。引导。all, every, any, little, few, much, no, only, very, the + 序数词序数词, the + 形容词最高级形容词最高级e.g.

9、 This is the cleanest park that you can imagine.e.g. He talked about the things and persons he had visited in the city.* 在在 who 或或 which 引导的特殊疑问句引导的特殊疑问句中，限制性定语从句必须用中，限制性定语从句必须用 that 引导。引导。that e.g. Who is the man is standing over there.thate.g. This is the only book that has been written in French.

10、* 先行词在从句中作表语时先行词在从句中作表语时, 限制性定限制性定语从句通常用语从句通常用 that 引导。引导。(常可省略常可省略) e.g. She is no longer the girl that she was before she went to the country.That is the new machine.The parts of it are too small to see. Thats the machine whose parts are too small to see.当先行词是当先行词是 one, ones, anybody, anyone, all,

11、 none, those 等等, 指人时一般用指人时一般用 who,不用不用 that。Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school. 在以疑问词在以疑问词who开头的句子中开头的句子中, 或关系代或关系代词在从句中作表语时词在从句中作表语时, 用用that, 不用不用who。Who is the man that is shouting there?She is not the girl that she used to be. 先行词是人先行词是人, 从句中缺动词宾语或介词从句中

12、缺动词宾语或介词宾语时宾语时, 用用whom或或that(介词后不用介词后不用that)。The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it. He is the student (whom, who, that) youwant to see.关系代词关系代词that, which, whom 在从句中作在从句中作宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则宾语时可省略掉。但放在介词后面时则不可省略。不可省略。 * whose 指人或物，在从句中作定语。指人或物，在从句中作定语。The girl got f

13、irst.Her father had given us a report.The girl whose father had given us a report got first.e.g. Thats the man whose house was burned down.I. 根据所给汉语提示，用定语从句完成下根据所给汉语提示，用定语从句完成下列句子。列句子。1. This is the best film _ (我看过的我看过的).(that) I have everseen2. He has a daughter _ (在医院工作的在医院工作的).3. The tree _ _(叶子

14、变红了叶子变红了的的) is an old one.who / that workswhose leaves turn red / thein a hospitalleaves of which turn redII. 从从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Is there anything _ I can do for you? A. which B. who C. whom D. that D2. I have seen some strange trees, _ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. whose leaves C. which leaves D. their leaves3. All _ we need is enough rest after long hours work.A. the thing B. that C. what D. whichBB4. On the train I saw a girl _ I thought was