lesson eight

1、A Lesson in Living The author Maya Angelou, (April 4, 1928-),black American poet whose several volumes of autobiography explore the themes of economic, racial, and sexual oppression. At the age of eight because of her mothers boyfriend, she went through an extended period of muteness. This early lif

2、e is the focus of Angelous first autobiographical work, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings (1970). Subsequent volumes of autobiography include Gather Together in My Name (1974), Singin and Swingin and Gettin Merry Like Christmas (1976), The Heart of a Woman (1981), and All Gods Children Need Traveling

3、Shoes (1986). I Know Why the Caged Bird SingsI Know Why the Caged Bird Singsisthe1969autobiographyabouttheearlyyearsofAfrican-AmericanwriterandpoetMayaAngelou.Thefirstinaseven-volumeseries,itisacoming-of-agestorythatillustrateshowstrengthofcharacterandaloveofliteraturecanhelpovercomeracism(种族歧视)andt

4、rauma（创伤）.Thebookbeginswhenthree-year-oldMayaandherolderbrotheraresenttoStamps,Arkansas,tolivewiththeirgrandmotherandendswhenMayabecomesamotherattheageof17.InthecourseofCaged Bird,Mayatransformsfromavictimofracismwithaninferioritycomplex（自卑感）intoaself-possessed,dignifiedyoungwomancapableofresponding

5、toprejudice. Main idea of the textThe lesson Mrs. Flowers teaches Marguerite is beneficial and far-reaching to Marguerite. Mrs. Flowers singles her out for attention, makes cookies for her and then reads novels to her. From Mrs. Flowers, she also learns the mystery of language, she learns the value

6、of life and good manners in life. Thus, skillfully and gently Mrs. Flowers guided her out of a dead alley into a world of knowledge and enlightenment.This is a story of a Negro girl, which reveals to us such an important fact: the blacks has been aware of their own genius, wit and power.Sop: 将放在液体中蘸

7、或浸泡-sopbreadinsoup-Iwassoppedthroughintherainthismorning.IspentmostofmytimeInedible: 不能吃的，不可食的Thistastesawful.Itsinedible.如果是味道不好，可以形容说：Ittastessobad.Ittastessodisgusting. Or rather: 更确切的说-Iarrivedhomelatelastnight,orratherearlythismorning. Let alone: 更不必说-Shenevergetsupearlyonweekdays,letaloneonwee

8、kends.-Hecantevenreadthealphabet,letalonespeakthelanguage.She didnt encourage familiarity(亲密而不拘礼仪).Shedidnotgivepeoplethecouragetobecomeintimatewithher.她并不热衷人们与她过分亲近。-Youshouldnotaddressyourteacherwithsuchfamiliarity.你不该这么冒失地称呼你的老师.familiarity熟悉,通晓-Hisfamiliaritywiththelocallanguagessurprisedme.fami

9、liar Vs. intimateFamiliar:havingagoodknowledgeofsth.熟悉，通晓Intimate:havingaverycloseandfriendlyrelationship亲密的，密切的。HerfamiliaritywithJapanesesurprisedme.Butfamiliaritydoesnotnecessarilyimplydeepfriendship.Heisanintimatefriendofmyfathers.Wehadbeenintimateforsometime.Measure: (估计,评判事务的)标准,尺度-Examination

10、sareonlyonemeasureofstudentsabilities.-Sheisthemeasureofwhatacollegestudentshouldaccomplish.She appealed to me because she was like people I had never met personally.她吸引了我，因为她像那些我之前从没有亲自碰到过的人。Appeal to sb.: 引起(某人)兴趣,吸引(某人)-Hersenseofhumorappealedtohim.Appeal:attraction吸引力-Thiskindofmusichasntmuchapp

11、ealforme.Appeal恳请，请求(n.,v.)-Shemadeanappealtoherfatherforpermissionofhermarriage.Personally: 亲身,亲自-Theplanwaspersonallyinspectedbytheminister.Personally:asaperson作为个人,就个人而论-Idontknowhimpersonally,butIhavereadhisbook.Personally:asfarasIamconcerned就我而言,就自己而言-Personally(speaking),Idontlikehimatall.Resp

12、ectful, respectable, respective Respectful(to,towardsb.,ofsth.):feelingorshowingrespect恭敬的,表示尊敬或尊重的-standatarespectfuldistance-respectfulofotherpeoplesopinions-Theboywaswell-manneredandrespectfultowardtheaged.Respectful, respectable, respective Respectable:体面的,值得尊敬的-Theprofessorisalsoarespectableold

13、man.-arespectablemiddle-classbackgroundRespective:分别的,各自的-Afterclass,wewentofftoourrespectiverooms.By being herself: Bybeingablackwomanwithsuchnoblepersonality.Another Negro woman of her health and ageHelikestomakefriendswithpeopleofhisage.他喜欢与同龄人交朋友。Sheisingoodshapeforawomanofherage.以她这个年龄段的女人来说，她的

14、身材维持的相当好。Inviewofherage,mygrandmaisveryactive.就我祖母的年纪来说，他算是很活跃的了。They gave each other agegroup looks Theygaveeachothermeaningfullooksthatwereexchangedamongandunderstoodbypeopleofthesameagegroup.Now no one is going to make you talkpossibly no one can.Makesb.dosth.使某人做某事Bemadetodosth.Hemademeworkhard.

15、他让我努力工作。Theyaremadetoworkdayandnight.他们日夜工作。Separate from 将分开,离开,隔离-Thetwogroupsoffansmustbeseparatedinthestadium.(2)Separate分开,分离;分手;分居;-Thebranchhasseparatedfromthetrunkofthetree.分开,分离;-Wetalkeduntilmidnightandthenseparated分手.-Aftertenyearsmarriage,theydecidedtoseparate.分居(3)Separate:从中隔开(两国,两地)-T

16、heAtlanticseparatesEuropefromAmerica.-Ariverseparatedthetwohalvesofthecity.Separate from : distinguish from -IcannotseparateTomfromJack,astheyaretwins.-ThatunusualtalentseparatesherfromotherstudentsinherclassInfuse：灌输，灌注将(某特性)灌输给或注入,使获得(某特性)-Theteacherinfusedfreshcourageintostudents.Youshouldinfusen

17、ewknowledgeintoyourselfallthetime.-infusetheworkerswithnewlife,energyShade of sth.: slight difference in sth 细微的差别-awordwithmanyshadesofmeaning有许多相近意思的一个词-peoplewithallshadesofopinionMemorize VS. remember -Shespenttenminutesmemorizingthelistsofprices.Itsamazing.-Pleasememorizethealphabet.-Iremembere

18、dtellingthecase.-Herememberedeverywordhehadlearned.-Remembertobringmethebook.-RememberwhatIsaid.Common, ordinary Ordinary:Ordinarypeopleorthingsarenormalandnotspecialordifferentinanyway.(无特别之处)-Itwasjustanordinaryweekendforus.Common:1.ordinary2.Ifsomethingiscommon,itisfoundinlargenumbersorithappenso

19、ften.普通的,常见的,普遍的-Earthquakesarenotcommoninthispartoftheworld.-GamblingwascommoninChinabeforeliberation.Common, ordinary Common:3.Ifsomethingiscommontotwoormorepeopleorgroups,itisdone,possessed,orusedbythemall.共有的,共同做的,共同受到的-Weshareacommonpurpose.-SheisGerman,andheisFrench,buttheyhaveEnglishasacommon

20、language.She said that I must always be intolerant of ignorance, but understanding of illiteracy.她告诉我，不能容忍无知，但要理解文盲。Intolerant, intolerable Sb.Beintolerantof:不能容忍的-Theleaderisintolerantofdifferentopinions.Intolerable:toobadtobeendured不能忍受的-Thepainofheadachewasintolerable.-intolerableheat,noiseOccur

21、VS happenOccur:较正式用词，可指意外地发生，也可指意料中的发生。Happen:普通用词，泛指一切客观事物或情况的发生，强调动作的偶然性。Thisispossibleintheory,butactually,neverseemedtooccur.WhathappenedafterIleft.Behind the sophistication of yearsAfteryearsofcomplicatedadultlifeexperienceSophisticated:1.世故的,老练的Asophisticatedperson2.复杂的,精良的,尖端的sophisticateddev

22、iceinspaceshipsophisticatedmodernweaponsSingle out, pick outSingleout:chooseforaspecialpurpose,esp.forpraiseorcriticism.-Wehavedonewrong.Whytheteachersinglemeoutforcriticism.-Pickoutthetoyyoulikebestfromthebasket.That do my heart good to see Dogood:benefit有益于Eatmorefruit;itwilldoyougood.DogoodtoEatm

23、orefruit;itwilldogoodtoyou.Take to sb./sth. Developalikingtosb./sth.对产生好感-ItooktoherthemomentImether.-Ididnttaketoherhusbandatall.Taketo:逐渐习惯于-taketosmoking,sleepinglate历年试题分析 (2003,10)Wordsmeanmorethanwhatissetdownonpaper.Ittakesthehumanvoicetoinfusethemwiththeshadeofdeepermeaning.(2004,10,填空7-12)S

24、heappealedtomebecauseshewaslikepeopleIhadnevermetpersonally.LikewomeninEnglishnovelswhowalkedthemoors(荒野）withtheirloyaldogsracingatarespectfuldistance.Likethewomenwhosatinfrontofroaringfireplace,drinkingteaincessantlyfromsilvertrays.incessantly,appealed,respectful,-fireplaces,loyal,personally30.Ihav

25、etriedoftentosearch_thesophisticationofyearsfortheenchantmentIsoeasilyfoundinthosegifts.（200701）behindLesson Eight: A lesson in living1theladywhothrewmemyfirstlifeline.2thegraceofcontrol3aprivatebreezewhichswirledaround4ruffleherdress5encouragefamiliarity.6themeasureofwhatahumanbeingcanbe.7Sheappeal

26、edtomebecauseshewaslikepeopleIhadnevermetpersonally.LikewomeninEnglishnovelswhowalkedthemoorswhatevertheywerewiththeirloyaldogsracingatarespectfuldistance.Likethewomenwhosatinfrontofroaringfireplaces,drinkingteaincessantlyformsilvertrays.(respectful,respectable)8Ihungbackintheseparateunaskedandunans

27、werablequestions.9Wordsmeanmorethanwhatissetdownonpaper.Ittakesthehumanvoicetoinfusethemwiththeshadesofdeepermeaning.10Myimaginationboggedatthepunishment11triedherhandatbakingsweets12 She said that I must always be intolerant of ignorance but understanding of illiteracy. That some people, unable to

28、go to school, were more educated and even more intelligent than college professors. She encouraged me to listen carefully to what country people called mother wit. That in those homely sayings was couched the collective wisdom of generations. (intolerant, intolerable)13 When I finished the cookies s

29、he brushed off the table and brought a thick, small book from the bookcase.14found it up to my standards as a romantic novel.15 Her voice slid in and curved down through and over the words.16Hersoundsbegancascadinggently.17Shewasnearingtheendofherreading18Ihavetriedoftentosearchbehindthesophisticati

30、onofyearsfortheenchantmentIsoeasilyfoundinthosegifts.Theessenceescapesbutitsauraremains.Tobeallowed,no,invited,intotheprivatelivesofstrangers,andtosharetheirjoysandfears,wasachancetoexchangethesouthernbitterwormwoodforacupofmeadwithBeowulforahotcupofteaandmilkwithOliverTwisttearsoflovefilledmyeyesat

31、myselflessness.19hadthegoodsensetostoprunning20hadsinglemeoutforattention21withhiscookiesinmyarmsshieldedbythepoems.22Thatdomygoodhearttoseesettledpeopletaketoyouall.23Hervoicetrailedoff.A.1.Maybeshedid.2.BecauseMommamighthaveaskedhertohelpMarguerite.Mrs.FlowersaskedMargueritetocarryherprovisionstoh

32、erhouseandshegaveheralessoninliving.3.ShehadatalkwithMarguerite.4.ShemeantthatMargueriteshouldnttolerateignorancebecauseitwastheconsequenceofnotstudyingandsheshouldunderstandilliteracybecausetheyweredeprivedofeducationowningtotheirpoverty.5.Yes,shewas.Herproblemwasthatshecouldscarcelytalkinclass.6.N

33、o,shewasnt.Shewasquietbecauseofherunpleasantexperience.7.Becauseshereallywantedtohelpher.,8.Byhertalkingandreading.9.Mrs.Flowersthrewherthefirstlifeline.10.No,theywerent.B. Translate the following into Chinese 1.她深黑色的皮肤就像李子皮一样一扯就会脱落.2.要是换了一个跟她一样健康的同龄黑人妇女,就会用一只手把那些纸带拿回家.3.弗老尔斯太太走在前面,边甩着胳膊边在石头上挑着走.4.单

34、词/文字比写在纸上的意义要丰富.B. Translate the following into Chinese 5.需要口头语言/表达展示文字各种深层含义的细微差别.6.她建议我用尽可能多的方式说同一句话.7.我突然想到她在等我的答复.8.在那些朴实的谚语中包含着几代人的集体智慧.C.1.olerant8.cascadeDimate6.occurred7.respectful8.separate词语辨析 (Word analysis)1. rem

35、ember, memorizeremember: have or keep in memory; recall to ones memory 记得；回想起记得；回想起Do you remember where you put the key? 你你记记 得得你把钥匙放在什么地方了？你把钥匙放在什么地方了？I remember her as a slim young girl. 我想起我想起她她 那时那时还是个苗条的少女。还是个苗条的少女。memorize: put into ones memory; learn well enough to remember it exactly 记住，记忆记

36、住，记忆She can memorize facts very quickly. 她能她能很快很快 记住记住许多资料。许多资料。An actor must be able to memorize his lines. 演员演员必须能够记住台词。必须能够记住台词。2. intolerable, intolerantintolerable: too bad to be borne or endured 无无法忍受的，难以忍受的法忍受的，难以忍受的This is intolerable: Ive been kept waiting for three hours！ 太不象话了，我们一直等了三个太不象

37、话了，我们一直等了三个小时！小时！intolerant: not tolerant 不容忍不容忍His order is intolerant of opposition. 他的命令他的命令不容违抗。不容违抗。3. infuse, fillinfuse: put a quality into sb; fill sb with a quality 灌注，注入灌注，注入The reform has infused new life into the workers (the workers with new life). 改革使工改革使工人获得新的活力。人获得新的活力。fill: make sth

38、 full 装满，填满装满，填满Smoke filled the room. (The room was filled with smoke.) 房间里烟雾弥漫。房间里烟雾弥漫。4. common, ordinarycommon: shared by or belonging to two or more people 共同的，共有的共同的，共有的He and I have a common interest: we both collect stamps. 我和他有共同的爱好，我们都我和他有共同的爱好，我们都集邮。集邮。ordinary: normal, usual 平常的，普通的平常的，普

39、通的We were dressed up for the party but she was still in her ordinary clothes. 我们都盛装我们都盛装赴会，而她却依然日常装束。赴会，而她却依然日常装束。familiar Vs. intimateFamiliar:havingagoodknowledgeofsth.熟悉，通晓Intimate:havingaverycloseandfriendlyrelationship亲密的，密切的。HerfamiliaritywithJapanesesurprisedme.Butfamiliaritydoesnotnecessarilyimplydeepfriendship.Heisanintimatefriendofmyfathers.Wehadbeenintimateforsometime.5. happen, occurhappen: take place 发生发生How did the accident happen? 故事是怎么发生故事是怎么发生的？的？occur: hap