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1、【英语】高考英语情态动词专项练习一、单项选择情态动词1 It s really great to have a computer to store my photos. Don t count on it too much. It break down and you d better make a copy of them.A mustB canC shouldD will【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意: 有一台计算机来储存照片真是太棒了。 不要过度依赖它。它有时候也会出故障,你最好做一个备份。计算机出故障这是可能的事情,表示客观可能性用can。 must 肯定,必须; sh

2、ould 应该; will 表意愿。故B 选项正确。2 -Artistic people can be very difficult sometimes.-Well, youknow-you married one.A mightB wouldC shallD should【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。A. might可能,也许;B. would将会;C. shall必须,会;D. should应该。句意:-有艺术修养的人有时很难相处。-你应当知道这一点,因为你结婚那位就是搞艺术的。这里是按照常理推断,用 should 。3 It s already 11 o clock

3、, and he have been here half an hour ago. Maybe he got caught in the rain.A mustB ought toC mayD can【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:已经 11点了,他半小时前就该到了。A. must have done必定做了(表示对过去的推测); B. ought to have done 本应该做的; C. may have done 可能已经做过某事; D. can have done 本来可以做的(但没有做),根据题意,故选B。4 The weather turned out to be

4、 fine. I the trouble to carry the umbrella withme.A should have takenB must have takenC couldn't have takenD needn't have taken【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词 + have done 。句意:天气转晴了。我本不必费心把伞带在身边。 A. should have taken本应该做某事,而实际上没做;B. must have taken对过去发生的事情的肯定猜测; C. couldn't have taken 不可能; D. needn&

5、#39;t have taken 本来不需要,故选 D。5 Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A needn tB wouldn tC mustn tD couldn t【答案】 A【解析】考查情态动词。need' t have don本不必要做某事,句意:迈克本不必要着急的。他以全速驾驶后,他早到了半个小时。 wouldn t 不会,mustnt 禁止, couldn t 不可能,所以选A。6 No student go out of school to have

6、lunch without permission of the headteacher.A mightB mustC shallD could【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:未经校长允许,任何学生不得离开学校去吃午饭。 might 可能;must 一定,必须; shall 会,将; could 能够。本句是一条禁令。 shall 用于肯定句并且主语是第一、三人称时,表示允诺,警告,劝告等语气。故选C。7 It's so cold here! Why haven't you turned on your air-conditioner? Well, it turn

7、 on.A shouldn'tB can'tC won'tD shan't【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意: 这里太冷了!你为什么不把空调打开呢? 嗯,这个空调老是打不开。 A. shouldn't 不应该; B. can't 不能; C. won't 偏偏不,老是不,此处是表示习惯或倾向; D. shan't 不会。这里使用 will 的否定 won't 表示事物的自然属性 “空调总是开不开”。故选C项。8 One of our rules is that every student wear school

8、 uniform while at school.A mightB couldC shallD will【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:我们其中一条规则要求每个学生在校期间都要穿校服。 shall 可以表示 命令,警告,强制要求;允诺;法律,规定要做:结合句意可知 C正确。9 I feel a little nervous. Take it easy. You have difficulty passing the exam when you have prepared for itwell.A mustn tB needn tC may notD shouldn t【答案

9、】 D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意: 我觉得有点紧张。 不要着急。当你准备充分时,通过考试应该不会有困难。 A. mustn t 禁止,不允许; B. needn t 不必; C. may not 可能不会; D.shouldn '不应该。结合句意可知答案为D。10 It is really cold and the ground is wet; it have rained last night.A mightB mustC canD should【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:天气很冷而且地面是湿的,昨晚一定下了雨。根据上文theground is wet

10、可知,昨晚下了雨”是肯定的,故用 must have done必定做了 表示对过去十分有把握的推测,故选 B。 【点睛】must have done 用法辨析must have done :表示对过去的肯定的逻辑推测,推定某件事情、动作或状态可能在过去发生过(存在过)。He must have been a doctor, for he knows medicine so well. 他过去肯定是一位医生,他对医学如此了解。Somebody must have stolen the ring. 肯定有人偷了这枚戒指. 该句所推断的偷窃动作发生在过去 .The temperature must

11、have dropped to below zero last night, because the water is frozen all over. 昨夜的温度肯定降到零度以下,因为水都冻住了。如果 “must + have +过去分词”句型与 by now 连用,还可以表示对现在完成的动作和状态的肯定推测,但实质上还是指所推测的过去的动作。例如:They started early this morning; they must have arrived by now. 他们今晨很早就出发了,现在 肯定已经到了。中国学生的常见病句是:They.; they certainly have

12、arrived. 病句的句义是 “他们当然已经到达了。” (这不是对过去的肯定推测,而是断定动作已经完成。)11 The accident which left 15 people on board dead if both the angry femalepassenger and the bus driver had kept calm.A should have avoidedB should be avoidedC could have avoidedD could have been avoided【答案】 D【解析】【详解】考查 “情态动词 +完成式 ”。句意:如果愤怒的女乘客和巴

13、士司机保持冷静,这起导致15 人死亡的事故本来是可以避免的。 could have done 本来能做而没有做“” ,且句子主语Theaccident 和谓语动词avoid 之间是被动关系,结合句意可知答案为D。【点睛】情态动词 + have done 结构:1. “must + have过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只 用于肯定句。如: It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2. “ can / could + havei+去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。can和could 一般用

14、于否定句和疑问句, could 的语气较 can 弱。如: He can't have finished the work so soon.3. “may / might + hvae + 过去分词 ”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might 的语气比 may 弱一点。这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用 can 或 could 。如: They may not have known it beforehand.4. “need + have+去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多 余。如: I needn't have boug

15、ht so much wine only five people came.5. “should / ought to +have +过去分词 ”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意, ought to 的语气比 should 强一些。如:You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的.(但没有)He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事.(可是做了)6. “would have 过去分词 ”表示对过去的某

16、种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用 should 或 ought to 那样含有责备之意。 如:I guess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.12. Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He _ many times last week.A. need have practisedB. might

17、 practiseC. must have practisedD. could practise【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。musthave done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测,意思是'定”。故C选项正确。13. I have something important to tell John. But I can' t find him.-His cell phone is here, so he have gone too far.A. mustn ' tB. needn ' tC.

18、 wouldn ' tD. can ' t【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:一一我有重要的事情要告诉John,但是我找不到他。一一他的手机在这儿,所以他不可能走得太远。根据句意可知,此处是对过去的一种猜测,此处是表达 不可能;用can' t have done故选D。14. Mr. Baker, some students want to see you.they wait here or outside?A. MayB. ShouldC. ShallD. Will【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查Shall的用法。句意:贝克先生,有些学生想见你。他们是在这里等

19、还是在外面 等?Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。故选 Co【点睛】Shall的用法Shall作为助动词,一般用于第一人称I和We,表示一个将来的动作,构成将来时态。Shall后面接动词原形。例如:(1) I shall think it over and Let you know my idea.我将考虑一下此事,然后告诉你我的想 法。(2) We shall have a good time in the park.我们在公园里会玩得很高兴的。常考的特殊用法1. Shall用于第一人称,表示征求对方的意愿。如: What shall we do t

20、his evening?2. Shall用于第一、第三人称疑问句中,表示说话人征求对方的意见或向对方请示。如:Shall we begin our lesson?When shall he be able to leave the hospital?3. Shall用于第二、第三人称,表示说话人给对方命令、警告、允诺或威胁。如:You shallfail if you don't work harder.(警告)He shall have the book when I finish reading. (允诺)He shall be punished.(威胁)15. I don 

21、9; t really like Janes. Why did you invite him?-Don' t worry. He come. He said he was ' t certain what his plans were.A. must notB. need notC. would notD. might not【答案】D 【解析】考察情态动词,题干中的he wasn' t certain明他可能不来,可能来,因此使用不完全否定,might not。16. The professor warned the students that on no accou

22、nt use mobile phones in hisclass.A. should theyB. they shouldC. dare theyD. they dare【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查部分倒装和情态动词。句意:这位教授警告学生们,在他的课堂上,决不应该使用手机。on no account意为 决不",否定词放在句首,句子使用部分倒装,排除B、D项;这里表不应该,故选 Ao17. I my examination easily but I made too many stupid mistakes.A. should passB. could have passedC.

23、 had passedD. must have passed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done的用法。句意为:我本来能够轻松地通过这次考试的,但是我犯了太多愚蠢的错误。结合语境可知,此处考查虚拟语气,且与过去的事实相反,应用could/would/might have done 的结构,could have passed本能通过(事实上未通过),故选B项。【点睛】本题考查情态动词的过去式+have done的虚拟语气的用法,常见结构有 should/shouldn ' thave done; could/couldn ' t have done/ wou

24、ld/wouldn ' t have done/ need/ needn ' t have done/ might have done例如:Without your help, I couldn' t have passe如thetes你的帮助,我本不能通过测试。It cleared up, I neednt have brought thhaumr睛了,我本没有必要带伞的。18 What does the sign over there read ?“No person_smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe

25、in this area.A willB mayC shallD must【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: -那边的牌子上写的是什么?-任何人不得在本地区吸烟或携带点燃的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。 A. will 表示现在的意志、愿望等,意为要,希望;B. may 表示许可,或用于请求许可,意为可,可以; C. shall在陈述句中用于第二人称或第三人称,表 示说话者的意志、命令、约定、决心、警告、威胁、预言等,意为必须,应该,要,得,给; D. must 意为必须 , 要 ,应当。分析句意可知,词句表示任何都不准在这个区域吸烟或携带点着的香烟、雪茄或烟斗。故选 C项。19 Wha

26、t do you think we can do for our aged parents? You do anything except to be with them.A don t have to B oughtn t to C mustn tD can t【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意: 你认为我们能为年迈的父母做些什么? 除了和他们在一起,你不必做任何事情。A. don ' t have t苏必s B. oughtn ' t to应该;C. mustn '不可以;D. can '不能。根据语境可知,此处表示客观性的必须,don

27、9; t have to except险"了不必做:故选Ao【点睛】have to 表示客观需求时,使用 have to 的情况要比must 多。 have to 受客观条件或环境迫使而 “不得不 ”做某事,突出客观性。must 一般则表示命令或说话人主观认为必须要做某事,含强调语气,侧重主观性。有时候也使用be+不定式表示需要做某事,但语气较弱一些。如: I am to do it, whether I like it or not.must 表示客观性的需要时,一般翻译为 “总是要(会) ”。如: All men must die. 人故有一 死。ought to 表示必须时,偏

28、责任,推想等。如: You ought to work hard. s rain will be too much for them.D mustn t20 We have watered these flowers yesterday. TodayA can tB shouldn tC may not【答案】 B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:我们昨天不应该给这些花浇水。今天的雨对他们来说太大了。 A.can '不可能;B. shouldn 不应t弦;C. may not或许不会;D. mustn '禁止,不允许。情态动 词的完成时 should' t have

29、donePF应该做而做了 "。根据 Today' s rain will be too much for them. 可知,此处指昨天不应该给这些花浇水。故选 B。【点睛】情态动词 + have done 结构:1. “must + have过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只 用于肯定句。如: It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.2. “ ca/ ncould + have + 过去分词 ”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定。 can 和 could 一般用于否定句和疑问句,

30、 could 的语气较 can 弱。如: He can't have finished the work so soon.3. may / might + have过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could ,如: They may not have known it beforehand.4. “need + have+去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余,如: I needn't have bought so much wine only

31、five people came.5. “s hould / ought to + have + 过去分词 ”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了,这种句式含有不满或责备之意, ought to 的语气比 should 强一些。如: You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的。(但没有)He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事。(可是做了)6. “would + have进去分词”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因

32、某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用should 或 ought to 那样含有责备之意。如: Iguess the poet would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.21. Every coin has two sides. Beautiful songs, sometimes, just be noise to others.A mustB shouldC mayD would【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考

33、查情态动词。句意:任何事物都有两面性。美丽的歌曲,有时候,对别人来说也许是噪音。 A. must 一定,表示肯定推测; B. should 应该; C. may 也许,可能; D. would 将会,表示对将来的推测。分析句子可知,此处应该表示可能的推测, “美丽的歌曲,有时候,对别人来说也许是噪音。” 。结合选项,故选C。22. He his stay in France, didn't he? He looks amazingly different.A will have enjoyedB should have enjoyedC can have enjoyedD must h

34、ave enjoyed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意:他在法国一定过得很愉快,是吗?他看起来很不一样。must have done 一定做某事。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测。由 “He looks amazingly different.可知,他在法国一定过得很愉快。所以这是对过去事情的较有把握的推测。故选D项。23. What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he it better.A. need have doneB. must have doneC. can have doneD. mi

35、ght have done【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意:真遗憾啊!考虑到他的能力和经验,他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构,表示对过去行为的怀疑;用于疑问句时意为 雉道真的做了吗”,表示怀疑;need have done需要做某事,实际上却未做(表示虚拟语气);must have done 一定做了某事(表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测);might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测,意思是可能已经”或 也许已经”,用于肯定句中。故 D正确。【点睛】本题是高考必考考点,一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事

36、。shouldhave done本应该做而实际未做。can' t haveone过去不可能做了某事;shouldn ' t have done本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做;needn' t have don/没有必要做某事;注意没有mustn' t have done的形式。24. Skills like critical thinking and analysis be found on the Internet, because theymust be acquired in the context of facts

37、.A. can ' tB. needn ' tC. mustn ' tD. shouldn ' t【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意:像批判性思维和分析这样的能力,是不能在互联网上找到的,因为它们必须基于事实来获得。A. can '无法,不可能;B. needn '不需要;C. mustn ' t不可以,禁止;D. shouldn '不应该。本题讲的是这种批判性思维的能力无法通过浏览鱼龙 混杂的网上信息获得,表达的是客观上的不可能,故选Ao25. 一I heard they went skiing in the

38、mountains last winter.It _ true because there was little snow there.A. may be notB. won' t beC. couldn ' t beD. mustn' t be【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:我听说他们去年冬天去山里滑雪。-不可能是真的,因为那里几乎没有雪。A. may be not 可能不;B. won ' t b不会;C. couldn ' tbM能是;D. mustn ' tbe禁止。根据 because there was littl

39、e snow there.可知这里是否定推测,couldn ' t be可能是"符合句意,故选C项。26. It turned out that the hotel was so near. I the taxi.A needn't have taken B must have taken C should takeD could take【答案】 A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:结果证明这家宾馆非常近。我本不必乘坐出租车。 needn t havedone 表示 “本不必做某事实际上做了” ,根据句意,旅馆很近不用乘坐出租车,但是乘车了。故选 A。27. -I

40、s Jack still in hospital?-Yes. He the bad food.Awouldn t eatBshouldn t eatCwouldn t have eatenDshouldn t haveeaten【答案】 D【解析】试题分析:句意;-杰克孩子医院吗?-是,他本不应该吃坏的食物的。因为是过去吃了坏食物,所以排除 AB,这里的shouldn ' t have donel示 过去本不应该做而做了",wouldn' thave done 过去本不会做而做了,所以选 D。考点:考查情态动词和虚拟语气28 AI will surely be a f

41、eature of future life, but it be used responsibly and in a proper way.A canB needC mustD will【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。句意:人工智能肯定会成为未来生活的一个特征,但必须以负责任的方式和适当的方式使用它。 A. can 能够; B. need 需要; C. must 必须; D. will 将会。此处为情态动词的一般用法,结合句意表示 “必须 ” ,故选C。29 If we had paid enough attention to the issue of the heavily-ove

42、rloaded vehicles, the tragedyof the collapse of an overpass in Wuxi avoided.A. shouldB. could beC. should have been D. could have been【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意:如果我们对超载车辆问题给予足够的重视,就可以避免无锡立交桥垮塌的悲剧。本句为 情态动词+have done”结构,结合句意表示 本来可以;本来能够 应用could have done结构,且主语与谓语动词 avoid构成被动关系,故应用 be done形 式。故选Do【点睛】情

43、态动词+have done的结构和用法有以下几种:一、must have done sth. 一定做了某事”。表示对过去事情的较有把握的推测,这时只能用 在肯定句中,肯定/必须已经干过';在否定句和疑问句中用can'或couldn '或can/could,例如:1.From what you said, she must have told you all about it.从你的话看,她一定告诉了你所有 的事情。二、can/could have done sth.本来能够做某事,而实际上未做;1.But we could have done it all so muc

44、h better.但是,我们本可以把这一切做得更好。三、can't/couldn't have done sth.不可能做过某事;1. We could't have done it without you.没有你我们办不成这事。四、ought to/should have done sth.过去本应该做某事而实际上并没有做。You should have done it when you first saw them blooming this spring. 你应该在今年春天第 次看到它们盛开的时候就挖一些的。2.Even if it ' s somethi

45、ng you should have done earlier in the week or missed a detail on. 甚至你在一个星期前的就提早完成了一件事或者忽略了一个小细节。30. - Difficulties always go with me!-Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you.A. mustB. wouldC. couldD. can【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意:困难总是伴随着我!一一高兴点!如果上帝在你面前关上了门,一定有一

46、扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须;B. would将要;C. could能,会;D. can能,会。must表示对现在的状态推测时,意为定”,表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选Ao【点睛】1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测,意为 "一定"。2) must 表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时, 或行为动词的进行式。must 后面通常接系动词 be 的原形3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时, must 要接完成式。4) must 表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测, must 后面要接完成进行式。5) 否定推测用 can't 。本句中的。 mu

47、st 表示对现在的状态推测时,意为一定,表示可能性很大的推测。符合第 2点用法。31 -Is Jack on duty today?-It be him. It's his turn tomorrow.A mustn'tB won'tC can'tD needn't【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词表示推测。句意: -今天杰克值日吗?-不可能是他。明天该轮到他。can t be用于否定推测 “不可能是 ” , must 表示推测的时候,表示 “肯定是 ”, wont 不愿意,neednt不必,故选C。32 -Hi, Johnson, any ide

48、a where Susan is?-It is class time, so she in the classroom now.A can beB must have beenC might have beenD should be【答案】 D【解析】考查情态动词的用法。 A. can be 可能,可以是; B. must have been 一定(对过去事实肯定的推测); C. might have been 可能(对过去事实肯定的推测); D. should be 应该是。句意: 知道苏珊在哪里吗? 现在是上课时间,她应该在教室里。故答案选D。33 -He was satisfied wi

49、th the result, wasn't he?-No. It was so difficult that he have passed it.A shouldn'tB mustn'tC couldn' tD wouldn't【答案】 C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词。 A. shouldn't 不应该; B. mustn't 禁止,不允许; C. couldn' t 不可能; D.wouldn't 不会。句意: -他对结果很满意,是吗? -不。考试太难了,他不可能通过。固定结构: couldn' t have d

50、one 不可能做某事“”,此处是对过去事情有把握的否定推测。故选C。【点睛】情态动词 + have done 结构:1. “must + have过去分词”表示对过去发生的事情或状态进行推测,语气比较坚定,通常只用于肯定句.如:It must have rained last night,for the ground is wet.2. “ can / could + havei+去分词”表示对过去某种情况的怀疑或不确定.can和could 一般用于否定句和疑问句 ,could 的语气较 can 弱 .如: He can't have finished the work so soon

51、.3. may / might + have过去分词”表示对已发生的动作或存在的状态进行不肯定的推测,might的语气比may弱一点.这种结构主要用于肯定句和否定句,疑问句改用can或could.如: They may not have known it beforehand.4. need + have+去分词”表示过去做了不必做或不需要做的事情,或过去做某事纯属多余.如: I needn't have bought so much wine only five people came.5. “should / ought to + have +过去分词”表示过去本该做某事但没做,其

52、否定式表示过去不该做某事但做了 ,这种句式含有不满或责备之意,ought to 的语气比 should 强一些.如:You ought to / should have studied harder. 你本应该更努力学习的 . (但没有)He oughtn't to / shouldn't have done that. 他本来就不该做那件事. (可是做了)6. “would have 过去分词 ”表示对过去的某种情况进行猜测,或本来要做某事却因某种原因未做成,通常用来说明某一情况,但不像用 should 或 ought to 那样含有责备之意.如:I guess the po

53、et would have been about twenty when she wrote her first poem.Another worker wouldn't have acted like that.34. What happened to the young trees we planted last week? The trees well, but I didn t water them.A might growB needn t have grownC would have grownD would grow【答案】 C【解析】考查虚拟语气。 我们上周种的小树怎么了 ? 这些小树本来会长得很好,但是我们没有给 它们浇水。根据语境可知, 此处是对过去的事实进行假设,故本题选C。35. The new supermarket has announced that the first to purchase goods on the opening day get a big prize.A

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