北京市海淀区2019——2020高三英语查漏补缺

1、海淀区2019-2020学年高三年级考前查漏补缺题第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ABooks were my true friends back then. I was so 1 (thank) that the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life. After 2 (surv

2、ive) terrible experiences at school and at home, I made a choice to take the optimistic, positive road in the next steps of my journey. My dream career, one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved, is 3 I am doing now. I have been a full-time author of teen novels since 2007 and am grate

3、ful for this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single day.BIt s a popular 4 (believe) that fish can remember anything for longer than seven seconds. It may seem sad to think that they don t remember what theytheyve eaten orbeen, and they don t recognize you or any of their frienevery

4、 moment in their lives would be like seeing the world for the first time. But don t be so quick to feel sorry for them. A recent study6 (find) that fish have much 7 (good) memories than we used to think. In fact, certain species of fish can even remember events from as long as 12 days ago.I honestly

5、 believe theres a danger that the more connected we are, the more isolated we feel.ve lived technology for so long.I don t think this is such an issuemy generation whos OK to behelone.We know how to be alone and, more importantly, we know that it feeling of solitude and run the risk of not learning

6、how to enjoy their own company. In addition, they rearning conversation through messages that can 10 (edit) and changed at the expense of learning the art of real conversation in real time with the person in front of you .under 20s are another kettle of fish. They_(corm mranscabustihat they never ex

7、perience the第二节完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。Hi! Steller shouted. I m driving around giving free haircuts. Do you want one right now?The man looked to be in his 60s, heavyset and missing a few teeth. Actually, he saida wedding to go to. I was really 11 to

8、 get a haircut. ”The man, named Edward, 12 sat on Steller reds chair. She began to trim his curly graying hair. Then he began to tell her about his childhood, about moving here to be closer to his adult children, and how he still talks to his mom every day. After the haircut, Edward looked in a mirr

9、or, exclaiming“ I look ! I ll remember to put my 14 in next time. I look betterwith teeth!”To date, Steller has given 30 or so such haircuts. These clients all live on the margins ( 边缘), and she is keenly aware of the15 of her clean- up job. It s more than a haircut, she says.want it to be a gateway

10、 to show value and 16 .”s firSteller knows that a haircut can change a life. As a teen, she suffered from a(n) 17 which was so severe that her hair 18 drastically. Seeing this, her mother arranged for Steller professional haircut. Tasit hawn somebody talk to me like a person and not just an illness,

11、it helped me feel 19 about and less alone, “ she says.After that, Steller decided to have her own salon so she could help people feel the 20 she d felt that day. Not long after fiiishing cosmetology (美容术)school, she began her Red Chair Project, 21 out to people on the streets. Although she can 22 th

12、eir p roblems by giving free haircuts, she believes it might help them feel less 23 for a moment.Steller listens to peopl e s 24 of loss and struggle to get back on their feet. The attention apparently 25 . When she was cutting a woman s hair one day, someone drove by and yelled, “You look amazing!

13、” The woman in the chair beamed. 26 , I shm exclaimed. ught I tho I was invisible. Look, people see me!”A Branch of the Red Chair Project is the Steller Kindness Project, in which people who 27 acts of kindness are invited for a free makeover (美容)at Steller s salon. In exchange, they tell their stor

14、ies, which Steller 28 on her website. Her hope is that by reading about kind acts, others will be 29 to spread their own.So far, its working. And it all began with a(n)30 in simple acts of kindness, such as afree haircut.11. A. hopingB. learningC. promisingD. hesitating12. A. freelyB. gladlyC. patie

15、ntlyD. voluntarily13. A. fitB. uglyC.goodD. silly14. A. feetB. handC. heartD. teeth15. A. energyB. forceC. lengthD. power16. A. rewardB. respectC. sympathyD. determination17. A. attackB. threatC. accidentD. disease18. A. thinnedB. loosenedC. whitenedD. shortened19. A. caredB. worriedC. knownD. thoug

16、ht20. A. useB. wayC. needD. reason21. A. runningB. callingC. reachingD. pointing22. A. fixB. faceC. raiseD. present23. A. afraidB. aloneC. annoyedD. ashamed24. A. complaintsB. explanationsC. desiresD. stories25. A. disappearsB. growsC. worksD. spreads26. A. innocentB. invisibleC. unimportantD. uncom

17、mon27. A. appreciateB. discoverC. commitD. witness28. A. createsB. enjoysC. sellsD. shares29. A. urgedB. allowedC. inspiredD. persuaded30. A. beliefB. trustC. investmentD. pleasure第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上 将该项涂黑。AGet involved with our researchSom

18、e of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it s using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world lead

19、er in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.Seeking poor sleepers for insomnia researchTrouble sleeping? Researchers from the Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute at the University of Oxford are evaluating different interventions aimed at improving sleep. We are loo

20、king for poor sleepers between the ages of 18 and 65. Participation will involve spending overnights in the sleep laboratory at Oxford, monitoring your sleep/wake cycle, and completing computerised tasks. Depending on the study you volunteer for, you will either undergo an online self-help treatment

21、 programme or lab-based non-invasive brain stimulation sessions prior to bedtime. You will be reimbursed for your time.If you are interested in taking part or would like more information, please contact the research team directly at insomniandcn.ox.ac.ukVolunteers with lazy eye wantedWe are looking

22、for volunteers with a history of lazy eye to take part in our brain scanning study on how binocular（ 双眼的 ） vision relates to brain chemistry. We are looking for healthy, fluent English volunteers aged 18-45 with a history of lazy eye. You will also be asked questions about your medical history to ch

23、eck your suitability for an MRI scan.Call 01865 223622 for more information.Oxford Vaccine GroupThe Oxford Vaccine Group is an independent multi-disciplinary clinical trials and epidemiology group. OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in

24、adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases.To find out which research projects are currently recruiting volunteers, please see the OVG website or email infoovg.ox.ac.uk .Oxford Experimental lab for the Social SciencesThe Oxford I

25、nternet Institute, together with the Business School, is recruiting individuals to participate in computer-based experiments involving online surfing behavior as well as economic and political decision-making. We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don t have to be a

26、student to take part!Contact us at socialscience.studyox.ac.uk for more information.31. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To offer medical help to patientsB. To look for experienced researchersC. To introduce new research programsD. To recruit volunteers for research projects32. The goal of

27、 OVG is to .A. carry out clinical trialsB. produce vaccines against virusesC. learn more about the immune systemD. study the occurrence of infectious diseases33. You can finish the experiment on your home PC if you join .A. Oxford Vaccine GroupB. Insomnia research groupC. Oxford Experimental labD. B

28、rain Scanning study groupBTHE OLD FISHERMANOur house was directly across a popular hospital. We rented the upstairs rooms to outpatients at the clinic. One summer evening, there was a knock at the door. I opened it to see a truly awful looking man, his face lopsided from swelling, red and raw. He to

29、ld me heg for a room d been huntinsince noon but he had no success.“ I guess it s my face. I know it looks terrible, but my doctor sayswith a few more treatments ”For a moment I hesitated, but his next words convinced me:“ I could sleep in this rocking chairon the porch. My bus leaves early in the m

30、orning.” I told him we would find him a bed, but to reston the porch. It didn t take a long time to see that this old man had an oversized heart crowded into that tiny body. He told me he fished for a living to support his daughter, her five children, and her husband, who was hopelessly crippled fro

31、m a back injury. He didn t tell it by way of complaint. Hewas grateful that no pain accompanied his disease.At bedtime, we put a camp cot in the children s room for him. iWnthheenmI ogrontinugp,the bed linens were neatly folded and the little man was out on the porch. Before he left for his bus, hal

32、tingly, he said,“ Could I please come back and stay the next time I have a treatment? I can sleepfine in a chair. H” e paused a moment and then added, “ Yourchildren made me feel at home. Grownups are bothered by my face, but children don t seem to mind. ” I told him he was welcometo come again.In t

33、he years he came to stay overnight with us. There was never a time that he did not bring us fish or oysters or vegetables from his garden. When I received these little remembrances, I often thought of a comment our next- door neighbor made after he left that first morning.“ You can loseroomers by pu

34、tting up such people!”Maybe we did lose roomers once or twice. But oh! If only they could have known him, perhaps their illnesses would have been easier to bear. I know our family always will be grateful to have known him; from him we learned what it was to accept the bad without complaint and the g

35、ood with gratitude.34. When the old fisherman stayed overnight, the author s children .A. were bothered B. were terrified C. felt normal D. felt at home35. Which of the following statement is true about the fisherman?A. He is both tall and strong.B. He has five grandchildren.C. He is pessimistic abo

36、ut life.D. He suffers from a back injury.36. The old fisherman gave the author fishes and oysters because he.A. wanted the author to buy them.B. wanted to pay the rent with them.C. had fished too many fishes and oysters.D. wanted to show his thankfulness to the author.37. What can we learn from the

37、story?A. Never judge a book by its cover.B. Little strokes fell great oaks.C. Stay positive, stay grateful.D. Honesty is the best policy.CAlthough it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for t

38、he first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants ma

39、de cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem is cut.Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and respon

40、ding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate.On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an h

41、our, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is

42、. The researchers trained a machine- learning model to discriminate between the plants sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stresss intensity an-dhufrnegqruyetnocbya.cWcoaterwas caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound ap

43、pears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.Enabling farmers to listen for water- stressed plants could“ open a new direction in the field ofprecision agriculture ” , the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more ar

44、eas to drought.“ The suggestionthat the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation, Anne Visscher at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.She warns that the results can ytet

45、be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains speculative （推测的） for now, she says.38

46、. The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that.A. tobacco plants make louder sounds than tomato plants when hurtB. water-hungry tomato plants are more sensible than tobacco plantsC. unstressed plants produced sounds of laughter when being wateredD. plants respond to the sounds the

47、 plants make and protect themselves39. What is Anne Visscher s attitude towards the finding of the experiment?A. Appreciative B. Doubtful C. Cautious D. Optimistic40. It can be learnt from the research that .A. greenhouse effects can be avoidedB. soil condition can be adjusted in time.C. plant condi

48、tion can be diagnosed faster.D. insects can be detected and removed easily.41. What is the best title for the article?A. Plants Get Stressed Just Like UsB. Plants Scream in Presence of StressC. Sounds of Plants Detected Far AwayD. Sounds of Plants Break Farmers HeartsThe first patient who died on my

49、 watch was an older man with a faulty heart the main pump had failed and his heart was beating irregularly and far too fast. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clini

50、cal management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have an adverse outcome, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, of

51、ten unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, the fallout from second-guessing looms especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed warfarin, the physician was about 20% less

52、 likely to prescribe subsequent patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes. However, if a patient had a stroke and was not on warfarin, physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the

53、 blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a

54、 bleed.But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine.“ Overreaction to Fearsome Risks ” holdsfor broader society.For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually

55、 fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.Humans are susceptible to emotional and often irrational thinking when processing information, adverse events and mistakes. As much as we don t want to cau

56、se an unfortunate event to recurin a medical setting or in the wider world we need to be aware that a worst-case scenario doesn t necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may inadvertently overanalyz

57、e and come to the wrong conclusion.I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should tru

58、st your instinct in your life, too.42. The first two paragraphs suggest that ?A. Bad medical outcomes affect doctors.B. Delivering babies can be difficult work.C. Some doctors are not very experienced.D. Doctors sometimes make silly mistakes.43. In the blood-thinner study, doctors .A. tend to prescribe less effective medic