选修八重点短语句型

1、Book 8 Unit 1 A land of diversityPart 1课文知识点归纳1. have the disti nctio n of有与众不同之处2. live on 继续存在（生存）3. by mea ns of 用办法，借助4. in additio n （to） 除之外，加之5. fight aga in st 与作斗争6. declare war on / upon 对宣战7. in the early1800s 在 19 世纪初8. in and arou nd内外，以内及周边9. make a life习惯新的生活、工作方式等10. by the time 到时为止

2、11. of one ' s ow属于自己的12. keep up 沿袭，保持，坚持13. back to back 背靠背14. team up with 与合作或一起工作15. mark out 划线， 标出界限16. take in包括洽），吸收（引），理解，了解17. a great / good many 许多18. apply for申请，请求19. con sist of由组成20. be shaped like 形状像21. draw a distinction betweenand 把.和区分开来22. be on holiday 在休假23. give one &#

3、39; s love /regards to代向某人问好24. make comme nts / about /on/ upon sth.对发表评论25. go explori ng 去探险26. be exhausted筋疲力尽的27. a tourist area旅游区28. take ferry to 渡船到29. feel like doi ng sth喜欢做某事30. have a good view of 把尽收眼底31. rather tha n 而不是32. grasp the opportunity of 抓住 的机会33. a two-way activity一次互动的活动

4、34. the Immigrati on Service 移民局35. due to 由于，因为36. a credit card 信用卡37. further one ' s stu进修，深造38. be respon sible for 对负责39. be con troversy over / about对争议40. without doubt毫无疑问41. take over 接任，接收42. react to 对作出反应句型：1. However, it is likely that Native America ns were liv ing in Califor nia

5、at least fiftee n thousa nd years ago.然而，可能美洲土著人至少一万五千年前就生活在加利福尼亚。 It is likely that.句型中的It为形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。2. It is believed that before long the mix of n ati on alities will be so great that there will be no majorracial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.人们相信，过不

6、了多久，国籍间相混的程度将非常大，以至于不再有大的种族和文化团体，而仅仅是一个多种种族和文化的混合体。 It is said / believed / thought / supposed / guessed / reported / hoped / expected / con cluded /announced / arranged that后接主语从句构成常用句型，it为形式主语。（1）.据说多喝纯净水有益健康.(2) .众所周知，光的传播速度比声音快.(3) .据报道一个人在没有水的条件下可以生存70多个小时.3. ., it was the building of the railw

7、ay from the west to the east coast that_brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s但是，大批量的移民却在 19世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来加利福尼亚的。 本句为强调结构，即"It is/ was.that.。”4. It didn ' t occur to me thahere would be a big festival on at the same time as my holiday. 我没想 到在我度假的时候会有一个盛大的庆祝活动。 sth.

8、occur to sb.(主意或想法等突然)浮现在脑中，某人想起It occurs to sb to do sth.某人突然想起做某事It occurs to sb. that.某人突然想起 辨析：occur, happen, take place, break outBook 8 Unit 2 Clo ning某人因某事困扰's heart刻骨铭心Part 1课文知识点归纳1. sharewith sb与某人分享2. make a copy of 复制；做一份 的副本3. all the time 始终；一直4. qua ntities of 大量的a qua ntity of5.

9、research on/ into 对进行调查研究6. un dertake a task 承担任务7. pay off 偿清；得到回报pay back 偿还;报复pay for 支付的费用；付钱购买pay down付现款；即时支付8. be removed from从 被移除9. on the one hand on the other hand 一方面另一方面10. cast down 沮丧；不愉快拓展:cast asidecast offcast outcast away11. be appropriate to / for 对 适合12. raise objecti ons弓 I起反对

10、object to 反对；对表示反感have no objection to不反对; 对无异议 句型：13. have a great impact on 对产生极大影响14. attain one ' s amb实现某人的野心15. forbid sb. to do 禁止做.forbid doingforbid sb. from doing sth.16. end in failure以失败告终17. compared with/to 与相比较（常放句首作状语）18. own sb. sth. 欠某人某物 own sth. to sth. 把归因于19. bother sb. wit

11、h sth.20. strike into one21. experiment with 用 做实验22. from time to time 有时23. bring back to life使重生,复活24. in vain徒劳无功；枉费心机25. be based on 基于 26. differ from sb / sth和某人/某物不同differ with sb. on / about / over sth. 和某人在某事上意见分歧27. be bound to 一定; 有义1. Then came the disturb ing news that Dolly had become

12、 seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。1) .本句中 news 与 that Dolly had become seriously ill 是同位关系.2) .本句是一个倒装句，当表示方位、方式、时间的副词或介词短语置于句首时，句子要完全倒装。2. It happens in plants when gardeners take cuttings from growing plants to make new ones.当园艺师从生长的植物上剪下枝条来培植新植物时，克隆就发生了。 It happenswhen-意为 当时这就会发生”。e.g. The virus of th

13、e flu is spreadi ng quickly. It happe ns whe n there are in fected cases in a crowd. 流感病毒正在迅速传播。当人群中有感染病例时就会发生。3. Although at present human egg cells and embryos needed for cloning research are difficult toobtain 虽然现在作为克隆研究所需要的人类卵细胞和胚胎很难获取，不定式跟在表语形容词后，且形容词表示主语的特征，此时不定式常主动表被动。4. Diversity in a group

14、means having animals with their genes arranged in different ways.种群中的多样性意为着具有以不同方式排列基因的动物。 with their genes arranged in different ways 是 “with+宾语 + 宾语补足语"结构，在句中作 animal 的后置定语。Book 8 Un it 3 Inven tors and inven ti onscall oncall in3. in the coun tryside4. on the teleph one5. now and the n6. get

15、 / be rid of rid -of7. dist in guish myself by8. set about doing set out to do9. with cauti on10. bend down11. in the expectati on that12. seize the opport un ity13. get recog niti on forPart 1课文知识点归纳1. decide on sth. 决定做 2. call up 给打电话，使人回忆起 拓展:call forcall back! 在乡下通过电话偶尔，有时 去除 除去，摆脱通过来表现自己开始做开始做

16、小心谨慎弯腰期望抓住机会为取得认可14. the pate nt office 专利局15. in additio n (to) 另外16. fill in / out the form 填表格17. a matter of 的一件事18. i n comfort 舒适句型：19. exchange - with 把换成20. manage to do 努力做 21. in a mess乱成一团22. lead to doi ng导致23. the famous say ing 名言24. beaten track 常规，惯例25. dive into迅速把收伸入，一心投入26. be wor

17、th doing 值得做 It' worthwhile to do be worthy of doing 27. apply to sb. for sth向 申请 .28. at a time 一次29. be aware of 意识到.30. search for 寻找.31. associate - with 把和联系起来32. ha ng on = hold on 不挂断，紧紧握住33. out of order次序颠倒in order 井然有序，处于正常状态34. get through打电话设法联系上，做完，通过35. ring back 回电话ring off挂断电话它们好

18、像已经在这安家了。It seems that / as if / as though 1. They seemed to have made their home here.句型：sb. seem to do 2. There only seemed to be powders designed to kill snakes。看来只有杀毒蛇的药粉了。 备注：there seem to be 似乎有，类似的结构还有there happened / appeared / used to be3. Only after you have had that recognition can you sa

19、y that you are truly an inven tor. only +状语(短语/从句)置于句首句子需要部分倒装.4. Nor will you receive a pate nt un til a search has bee n made to find out that your product really isdiffere nt from everyone else直到有研究表明你的产品真的与众不同，你才能得到专利。 nor含有否定意义的副词 (never / seldom / hardly / few / little)放句首要倒装5. It was this exp

20、loring around problems and his dynamic spirit that led to his most famous invention.强调句：It is/ was + 强调内容 + that 6. It was not un til five days later that Bell sent his first teleph one message to his assista nt Wats on. it is / was notun tilt是一个强调句型Book 8 Un it 4 Pygmalio n结识Part 1课文知识点归纳1. be gift

21、ed in= have a gift for 有 天赋2. be ambitious to do sth.立志做 3. be convinced of sth./ that clause 坚信 4. set sb. a task安排某人一个任务5. pour with rain 大雨倾盆6. in all directio ns四面八方19. pass sb. off as 冒充成20. make one ' s acquaintance=make the acqua intance of sb.21. a handful of一把，少量22. in amazeme nt震惊23. m

22、ake a fortu ne 发财7. hide /shelter from rain 避雨8. hesitate to do sth./ hesitate about sth不想做9. hold up 举起，使耽搁10. (be) of use to sb. 对有用11. take/make notes 作笔记24. gen erally speak ing般说来25. (be) of a / an / the same / differe nt age(s) / shape(s) / size(s) / colour(s) / kin d(s)属于的26. apart from = bes

23、ides / except / except for 除外27.i n terms of就来说，从角度28.deep in con versati on深入交谈29.fa ncy on eself自命不凡30.the other day几天前31. once more再次32.in need of需<33.fade out(声音,画面)渐淡34.show sb. in领，进来12. take / mistake A for B 把 A 误当作 Bbe mistake n about把 弄错13. in disguise 伪装的14. ha nd over / take over移交 /

24、接管15. be classified as 把归类为16. make a remark on就发表评论17. betray on eself显露出原形18. con demn sb. to sth./ to do sth. 使注定做be condemned to death被判死刑句型：1. What if I was?如果我是又怎样呢? What if + 一般过去时(1)如果他不同意该怎么办呢？(2)火车要是晚点会怎么样呢 ？2. They betray themselves every time they open their mouths.但每次一张嘴说话， 他们句原形毕露。 eve

25、ry time +从句，名词词组连词化3. Once taught by me, she' d become an upper class lady. when, while, before, until, if, unless, once, though + V-ing / v-ed,是状语从句的省略4. While watching , he makes notes.他一边观察，一边做笔记.现在分词作伴随状语Book 8 Un it 5 Meeti ng your an cestorsPart 1课文知识点归纳1. have no alter native but to do除之外

26、别无选择2. show around 领某人参观3. regardless of/ in spite of 不管;不顾4. scare away 把 吓跑5. keep out 阻止进入6. assume sth 假定assume sb. to be认为某人是 assume that + 从句7. cut up 切碎；剪碎；摧毁；粉碎cut away (from sth.)(从某物上)切除、割掉、砍掉、剪去cut dow n（从根基部分）砍倒；缩减；减少cut in （on sth.） 打断（谈话）；插嘴cut off中断（通话）；切断-的来、去路；隔绝8. the freez ing win

27、 ter寒冷的冬天9. remove from 从 -除去10. an ample amount of. . . . .、r .、八i-大量11. look ahead冋刖看；为将米打算go ahead 先走；催促；表示许可12. keep warm保持温暖13. preserve sb./ sth.(from sth.) 保护14. applaud sb./ sth.(for sth.)(因某事)赞赏某人、某事15. arrest sb. for sth因某事逮捕、拘留某人16. as well as 还有；也17. to one ' s relie令某人庆幸的是relieve sb. of sth解除某人的(负担、责任等)18. divide sth. betwee n/among sb.在某人中分配某物divide - - nito/by分成滁19. at most 最多20. care about 关心21. be of sig ni fica nee有意义22. have affect ion for喜爱23. lie in wait (f