察情观态析情态

1、百度文库“察情观态”析情态知识点与例析在解情态动词的题型时，从宏观上应先学习情态动词的共同特点：没有人称和数 的变化，后接动词原形（不带to ），不能单独做谓语，可直接提前或加not构成疑问句、否定句等等，这对解题相当重要。情态动词，以笔者之见，“情”即 察情况（依据情景、语境），“态”即观态度（依据说话人的语气态度）来选用, 故提出“察情观态”用情态。现结合一些例题分析如下：1. 分清同辈（级）、上下辈（级）、法规制度及造成不良后果等情景来选用“情 态动词”。例如：,youplay with the knife, youhurt yourself.A. won ' t; can &#

2、39;tB. mustn ' t; mayC. shouldn ' t; mustD. can ' t; shouldn 't2. “Yousmoke in the bedroom, ” Rose said to her husband and senthim going out of the room with a smile.3. “Yousmoke from now on”，Smth shouted athis son, who was onlyfiftee n.parked in front of the entran ce.fast, there is

3、 a speed limit here.fast, we have ple nty of time（2-6）共同选项 A. mustn 'tB. won ' tC. needn 'tD. may not分析：强调会造成不良后果（hurt）,故“禁止玩小刀”.同辈（夫妻间）和气地（with a smile）提出劝说要求，选用may not,语气委婉。上下辈（级）间、布告、法规的制度等选用mustn' t。6、C强调不必要。2、分清对现在、将来及过去等时间的推测来选用“情态动词”。例如：has n' t come here he have missed th

4、e train?A. MustB. CanC. ShouldD. May:Where' s our En glish teacher?B:Shein the teacher ' s office、A. must have bee nB. may have bee nC. must beD. should have bee n9. Heboati ng in Westlake next Sun day.A. may have gone B. must have goneC. would goD. may go分析：情态动词+不定式完成体,表示对过去情况的猜测.,must和may之

5、后如果 接原形动词，则表示对现在或将来的可能情况作出猜测或想象。3. 分清做过的（该做的）与未做的（不该做的）等语境来选用“情态动词”。例 如：a long essay. The teacher only asked for 300 words, and you have written 1000.A. must have writtenB. needn ' t have writtenC. didn ' t have to writeD. didn ' t need to write11. We went on foot, but weby bus.A. should

6、 goB. should not have goneC. ought have goneD. should have gone分析:表示不必做的却做了。该做的却没有做。4. 分清主观与客观情况来选用”情态动词”.例如：12. I don ' t like this recorder. Ibuy a new one.recorder doesn ' t work now. Ibuy a new one.A. can B. have toC. must分析：是从说话者角度说明主观的看法.have to表示客观的需要。5. 分清陈述能力与许可等语气来选用“情态动词”。例如：14. -

7、 Will you stay for lunch?(NMET ' 99)-Sorry,. My brother is coming to see me.must n'tcan'tn eed n't won t15. Youdo what you like this morni ng.able to be able tochildre n asked whether theygo for a swim.able toD. may分析:14. B 表不能,15. B, . can(could)可用来表示许可,而be able to 则不能。6. 分清向不同人称对象征

8、求意见的情景来选用“情态动词”。例如：17. “he open the door? ”“Yes, please. ”you go fishi ng n ext Sun day?分析：17. C征求对方意见或许可,一、三人称用shall o 18. B第二人称用will.7. 把握可能性的大小等语气来选用“情态动词”。例如：come with us tonight, but he isn ' t very sure yet.20. A: Do you thi nk they were liste ning to the radio?B: I ' m not sure. Theyw

9、atching TV.be be be21. Hebe in the meeting- room now. There ' s a meeting for him toatte nd there.分析：19. B根据题意”不把握”,应选可能性较小的may。20. B可能性最小。 可能性最大。情态动词的可能性由小到大排列如下：might/may/could/ca n（ 可能）/should/ought to/would/will（很有可能）/must（肯定、必定）。8. 分清情态动词与实义动词。例如：22. I don ' t think he need.A. be helped

10、B. to helpC. to be helpedD. help ing23. HehardA. n eeds to be workedB. n eeds work ingC. n eed to workD. n eeds to work分析：A因其第三称后不加s，推出need为情态动词。23. D need为实义动词。99. 把握好must的不同“语气”对其“反问”。 例如:must be from the south,he?A. mustn 't B. isn 'tmust respect their teachers,?A. mustn ' t theyC. ar

11、en ' t theymust cross a river to get to the village,A. mustn < t youC. can ' t you分析：表推测，意为“必定、准是”。.must意为“必须” 要”。10.注意习惯性动词是否延续至今等情景来选用“情态动词”。C. wasn 't D. can 't't theyD. should n' t they?B. needn 't youD. shouldn ' t youmust意为“需例如：.But he has give n up smok ing

12、now .A. used to smokeB. would smokeC. smokesD. will smokefruit after lunch whe n he was does he now.A. used to haveB. would haveC. should haveD. had分析：过去常常，现在没有。过去常常，现在有继续下去的可能.强化练习1. His brotherrun the mach ine himself in a few weeks.able to be able to2. Hestay up while he was working at his invent

13、ion.able to3. Our country isn ' t what itbeusedto4. Sheat the school by now if she started at six.A. must have arrivedB. should arriveC. ought to arriveD. ought to have arrived5. The workersfinish build ing the house last week.A. mustB. have toC. had toD. can6. “Must I water the young trees ever

14、y day ”a K |vNo, you.A. mustn 'tB. needn 't C. can 'tD. may not7. Bob hasn ' t arrived yet . Hehave missed the bus.A. canB. mustC. couldD. should8. He must be tried,he?A. mustn 't B. doesn 't C. needn 'tD. isn 't9.1 didn' t see at the meeting. He it.A. can ' t

15、 have attendedB. mustn ' t attendC. mustn ' t have attended/ D. shouldn ' t have attended10.whoseit be?This watch looks like mine, yet it isn' t.A. canB. mustC. would11.Fishdie out of water.A. mustB. canC. willD. would12. week.Tell him I promise hehave the book n extA. shallB. willC.

16、 shouldD. can13.“ Need we get there in time?”“Yes, youA. canB. needC. mayD. must14. to get away.If the enemiescome,they will never be ableA. will dareB. dared toC. dare toD. dareclimb that tall tree?A. Would you dareB. Dare you toC. Dare youD. Will you dare答案与简析表示将来的能力倾向用be able to的将来时态。would可表示过去惯常行为。used to表示过去经常性的状态，强调现在的情况变了。“ ought+不定式的完成 式“表示”本来应当做而实际上未做”的含义。表示过去“必须”，一般用hadto, must用于过去时，只限于在间接引语之类的宾语从句中。6. B以must开头的疑问句，其否定回答要用needn' t。对过去情况进行推测，表示肯定用“must+have+过去分词”。8. D陈述句中用must表示推测时，其附加问句用must 后的动词的相应形式。对过去发生的事情进行否定意义的